情态动词用法总结PPT演示课件

情态动词用法 1 情态动词的语法特征 2 情态动词不能单独做谓语 后面只能接动词原形 oughtto和haveto除外 3 情态动词没有人称 数的变化 但有些情态动词 如can will haveto may等有过去式 1 情态动词表说话人的某种感情或语气 对某一动作或状态的某种态度 2 1 Someofuscanusethecomputernow butwecouldn tlastyear 2 Canshebeinthecomputercenter 3 Ithoughwhathesaidcouldnotbetrue 4 Can CouldIuseyourdictionary 5 Couldyoulendmeahand 1 表能力 意为 能 能够 can指现在 could指过去 3 表示 请求 允许 表请求时 口语中常用could代替can使语气更委婉 回答时用can 2 表示推测 意为 可能 或许 用于疑问句或否定句 can t和couldn t意为 不可能 1 can与could 3 4 can用于疑问句或否定句中时 表惊异 不相信等 意思是 可能 能够 6 Howcanyoubelievesuchaliarlikehim 5 can t couldn thavedone表示对过去情况的否定推测 意为 过去不可能做过某事 7 Susancan thavewrittenareportlikethis 8 Shecan thavegonetoschool itisSunday 6 can couldhavedone表对过去的推测 意为 过去可能做了某事 couldhavedone还可以表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜 意为 本能够做某事可事实上未做 9 It sapity Yourclasscouldhavegotthefirstprize 10 WherecanMaryhavegone 4 can表示 能够 时与短语beableto同义 但can只用于一般现在时或过去时 而后者可用于各种时态 另外 can表示个人有某种能力 而beableto表示某人通过努力 克服困难做成某事 相当于succeedindoingsth can beableto 5 Michael beapoliceman forhe smuchtooshort A needn tB can tC shouldD may2 Mr Bushisontimeforeverything How itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony A canB shouldC mayD must3 IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork Oh didyou You withBarbara A couldhavestayedB couldstayC wouldstayD musthavestayedMysistermethimattheGrandTheateryesterdayafternoon sohe yourlecture A couldn thaveattendedB needn thaveattendedC mustn thaveattendedD shouldn thaveattended B A A A 6 5 There ssomeoneoutside Who itbe A canB needC mayD must6 IsJackondutytoday It behim It shisturntomorrow A mustn tB won tC can tD needn t7 Itisusuallywarminmyhometown butit berathercoldsometimes A canB needC dareD must8 Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly buteveryone getaway A wereabletoB wouldC wasabletoD could A C A C 7 2 may与might 1 表示 许可 或 请求 有 可以 的意思 口语中常用might代may 表示委婉语气 否定回答时用 mustnot 表 禁止 阻止 不用 maynot maynot 表示 可能不 Eg 1 MayIwatchTVaftersupper Yes youmay No youmustn t 2 TodayisSunday Shemaynotinherofficenow 2 表示可能性 意为 或许 可能 might比may可能性小 Eg 1 Thegirlmightbesleepingthistimeofday 2 Theymaybeinthelibrarynow 8 4 may mightaswell 动词原形 还是 的好 不妨干某事 Eg Youmayaswellgoandhavealook 3 may mighthavedone表示对过去发生过的事情的推测 意为 可能已经做过某事 Eg Ican tfindmysunglasses Imay mighthavelefttheminyouroffice 9 1 SorryI mlate I haveturnedoffthealarmclockandgonebacktosleepagain A mightB shouldC canD will2 Peter comewithustonight butheisn tverysureyet A mustB mayC canD will A B 10 3 will与would 1 用于第二人称的疑问句中 表 请求 建议 等 用would比用will委婉 客气些 Eg 1 Willyoulendmeyourbook 2 Wouldyoulikeacupoftea 2 用于表示意志或意愿 意为 会 愿意 will指现在 而would指过去 用于否定句中 表示 不会 不肯 不乐意 Eg 1 Iwon tdothatagain 2 Theysaidthattheywouldhelpus 3 NomatterwhatIsaid hewon tlistentome 11 3 表示习惯性动作 译作 总是 惯于 will指现在常常 would指过去常常 Eg 1 Thismanisstrange Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything 2 Marywillkeepaskingsomesillyquestions 3 Everyevening shewouldsitbywindow deepinthought 4 WewouldsitaroundGrandpaaftersupper listeningtohisstories 12 Ifyou waithereforanother5minutes ourmanagerwillcomeback A shouldB willC needD must2 Whenhewasthere he gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday A wouldB shouldC hadbetterD might B A 13 4 should与oughtto 1 oughtto比should语气更重 两者都用于表劝告 建议 意为 应该 应当 但在疑问句中常用should oughtto的否定式为oughtn tto或oughtnotto Eg Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble Yououghttotakecareofthebaby ShouldIopenthewindow Whatshouldwedonext 2 两者都可表示推测 表示很大的可能性 意为 可能 按理该 Eg 1 It s7o clock heshouldbeathome 2 Theyshouldhavearrivedbynow 14 3 oughtto shouldhavedone本应该干某事可事实未干oughtn tto shouldn thavedone本不该干某事可事实却干了 Eg Youshouldhaveinvitedmetothepartyyesterday Youareright IShouldhavethoughtofthat Youshouldn thaveeatenallthecakesinoneday 4 Should可以用来表示说话人的惊奇等情感 意为 竟然 居然 Eg 1 It ssurprisingthatMaryshouldlovesuchaperson 2 It sunbelievablethattheboyshouldsingsuchabeautifulsong 15 1 Youcan timaginethatawell behavedgentleman besorudetoalady A canB shouldC mayD must2 WhencanIcomeforthephotos Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon They bereadyby12 00A canB shouldC mightD need3 We lastnight butwewenttotheconcertinstead A musthavestudiedB mightstudyC oughttohavestudiedD wouldstudy B B c 16 5 shall 1 Shall用于第一 三人称的疑问句中 表示说话人征求对方的意见或请求 Eg 1 Shallwebeginourdiscussion 2 ShallIchangetheclothesforthechild 3 ShallTomgotherewithmetomorrow 4 Henryiswaitingoutside Shallhecomein 17 2 Shall用于二 三人称的陈述句 表示说话人的允诺 警告 命令 威胁等语气 Eg 1 Youshallgetananswerfrommetomorrow 2 Heshallbepunished 3 Youshallgowithme 4 TellJerrythatheshallgetagiftifhebehaveswell 18 ChairmanZhang manypeoplewanttoseeyou theywaithereoroutside A shallB canC shouldD may2 You usemybikeifyoucanreturnittomebeforeIleavehere A shouldB shallC needD must3 You bepunishedifyoubreaktherule A shallB shouldC needD must A B A 19 must haveto need 1 must用于一般问句中 肯定回答用must 否定回答用needn t或don thaveto 意为 不必 mustn t表示 禁止 不允许 MustIfinishallhomeworkatatime Yes youmust No youneedn t don thaveto 20 Idon tlikethisTVset Wemustbuyanewone Motherwasout soIhadtolookaftertheshop 2 表示 必须 这个意思时 must和haveto稍有区别 must着重说明主观看法 haveto强调客观需要 另外 haveto能用于更多时态 21 Youmustbethenewteacher Hemustbejoking Thereisnobodyhere Theymusthaveallgonehome 3 must表示对某人某事的肯定猜测 作 准是 一定 用于肯定句中 对过去发生的事情作肯定判断用musthavedone 意为过去一定已经做过某事 22 Whymustyoualwaysinterruptme Ifyoumustsmoke doitoutside pleaseWhymustitrainonSunday 4 must表示与说话人愿望相反 翻译成 偏要 硬要 非要 23 5 注意对need问句的回答 NeedIfinishtheworktoday Yes No No youmust youneedn t youdon thaveto Mustwedoitnow No you needn t don thaveto 24 考例 Thebosshasgiveneveryoneaspecialholiday sowe gotoworktomorrow 上海2007春 A can tB mustn tC needn tD shouldn t 点拨 考查情态动词 根据题意 可知这里表示 没有必要 故只能选C项 25 考例 Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents You doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself A don thavetoB oughtn ttoC mustn tD can t 点拨 根据题意 除了和他们呆在一起做你自己外 没有必要做任何事情 可知这里选择don thaveto表示 不必 故选A项 26 考例 JanehasjustcomebackfromChinaandshelookshappy She hertripverymuch mustenjoyB musthaveenjoyedC mayenjoyDshouldhaveenjoyed 27 考例 You returnthebooknow youcankeepituntilnextweekifyoulike can tB mustn tC needn tD maynot 28 考例 WhereisDad Mary He theflowersinthegarden mustwaterB mustbewateringC MusthavewateredD watered 29 考例 What sthematterwiththemanhanginghisheadthere Well Ifyou know hewascaughtstealingmybike mustB mayC canD shall 30 情态动词表推测用法小结 31 情态动词 havedone这是历年高考热点之一 可表示 推测 责备 怀疑 等多种意义 32 一 表示对过去事情的推测或估计 1 musthavedone 过去肯定已经做了某事 eg Thegroundisratherwet soitmusthaverainedlastnight 2 may mighthavedone 可能 大概已经做了某事 eg Tommayhavegonetoshanghai butIstillnotsure