2014翻译句子专项.docVIP

型专项练习之: 汉译英这类题在中考试题中出现形式有翻译填空、翻译句子、英汉词组互译、选择正确译句等，而成都中考翻译类题采用的是“翻译填空”这种形式。要注意巧妙使用翻译填空题的解题技巧。这类题一般采用根据给出的汉语句子完成英语句子的形式，它一般空出一个或几个空，一个空格内限填一个词(缩写算一个词)。要求考生补全空格从而使所要表达的思想完整。翻译填空题常把哪些部分空出来呢?即它常考查哪些内容呢?先看几个中考题吧!1.多喝水，这对你的健康有好处。Drink more water.It _ _ _ your health.2.外面正下着大雨，你最好呆在家里。Its raining heavily outside.Youd _ _ at home.3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多时间。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the fly-over.4.如果明天不下雨的话，我将和父母一起去动物园。Ill _ to the zoo with my parents， _ it doesnt rain tomorrow.5.我们的电脑似乎出了毛病.There _ _ _ _ wrong with our computer.从以上几个题不难看出翻译填空题所考查的内容：(1)一些常用词组和短语。如：be good at(for)，be interested in，on show，take off等。(2)一些常用词语的用法。如：enjoy后接 V-ing形式，had better后接动词原形等。(3)一些常用句型、句式。如：It takes sb.some time to do sth.，so.that，so that，not.until，as.as等。(4)一些语法现象，如：不定式，宾语从句，动词时态，被动语态等。这类题的解题步骤是:第一步，先读一下汉语句子，了解这个句子所要表达的意思。第二步，跳过空格读一下已给出的那一部分内容，然后再仔细分析一下要求翻译的英语。第三步，观察一下要求翻译的汉语，然后联想一下相关词汇和句型，再考虑语态、时态、词形变化、主语与谓语数的一致性等问题。第四步，试填空格。不要一看空格就填，例如有的同学一看“照顾”就填look after，实际上根据情况还可填take care of或take good care of。若对第一个空格要填的词没有把握时，可从后面的空格填起，这样即使前面的空格填不上，也不至于全部丢分。第五步，将已填好的句子再读一遍，从时态、语态、词形、数的一致等方面检查一下，若一切没问题，该题就OK了。解题步骤掌握了，做题时还要注意那些词数有伸缩性的词汇。因为这类题的空格是一定的，多填或少填都是不对的，即使意义相符也不合要求。有些词汇的缩写形式可以写在一格内，如：isnt，lets，wont等。也可根据情况将缩略式扩展，如可将didnt分解为did not，将no分解成not any等。填空时一定要灵活。如将这样一个句子翻译成英语“他什么也没说”，若给出三个空格，可以填：He didnt say anything.若给出四个空格，可以填：He did not say anything.若只给出两个空格，则可填He said nothing.要做好这类题，平时应怎样做呢?1.熟练掌握常用词和词组的用法。2.熟练掌握各种句型结构。3.掌握语法知识。 4.熟读课文，因为有些题可能会出自课文原文。5.平时要加强这类题的训练。掌握这类题的做法了吗?做几个中考题实战一下吧!1.我们的朋友遍天下。We have friends _ _ _ _.2.从现在开始，我们应该更加努力学习。We should study harder _ _ _.3.一百年以后，中国将发生什么样的巨大变化?What great changes will take place in China _ _ _?4.地球围绕太阳转。The earth _ _ the sun.5.你能把你的自行车借给我吗?Can you _ your bike _ me?6他正在花园里浇花。He _ _ flowers in the garden.7.火车开走后他才到达火车站。He _ _ the train station until the train had left.8在强烈的光线下看书不好。Its bad for us _ _ in a _ light.9.你知道他通常什么时候回来吗?Do you know when _ usually _ _?10.我们应该尽最大努力尽快赶上发达国家。We should _ _ _ to catch up with the developed countries as soon as possible. 答题时应注意以下技巧：1.了解英、汉两种语言句法结构的特点，注意词序、语序的变化;2.把握准两种语言的词义，小心一词多义;3.对英语国家的著名人物、时事、典故、习语、风土人情等要有意识地作一些了解，避免误译和死译;4.利用一些翻译技巧，如词类转译法、增词法、减词法、省略法、分句合句法、正反反正表达法等;5.译文既要忠实于原文，又要符合汉语表达习惯。 2013年全国各地市中考英语试卷分类解析汇编：句子翻译【2013湖北荆州】根据汉语提示，用句末括号内所给的英语单词完成句子。76. 我不会去参加这个聚会，除非受到邀请。 I wont go to the party . (invite)77. 请告诉我事故是什么时候发生的好吗？Could you tell me ? （happen） 78. 为什么不让孩子去他们想去的地方呢？ the children go where they want? (why)79. 我不知道明天他会不会准时参加会议。 hell come to the meeting on time tomorrow. (wonder)80. 他和我都不喜欢唱歌跳舞。 he I interested in singing and dancing. (be)【2013 甘肃白银】B. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空限填一词。71. 我的爷爷习惯早起。My grandmas _ _ getting up early.72. 过度使用手机对身体有害。Using mobile phones _ _ is bad for your health.73. 今天我以学校为荣，明天学校以我为傲。Today Im _ of my school and tomorrow my school will take _ in my success.74. 如果时间再多一点，我将能做的更好。 If more time _ _, I will do it better.75. 即使是最简单的日常活动也会对环境造成影响。Even the simplest _ _ can make a difference to the environment.76. unless I am invited 77. when the accident happened 78. Why not let 79. I wonder if80. Neither; nor; am 71. used to 72. too much 73. proud; pride 74. is given 75. daily activities六、【2013江苏连云港】完成句子根据所给汉语和句子意思，用英语补全句子。66. How can I speak English _(与你一样好), Rose? Practice makes perfect.67. The charity aims to provide help to people _(需要)68. Peter was so tired that he _(直到才醒来) half past eight yesterday.69. Simon has difficult in _(与相处得好) his new classmates. Ill give him some advice.70. A recent survey shows more than twothirds of Chinese _(对满意) their health service.【2013山东烟台】六、完成句子根据所给汉语，将下列句子补充完整。（每空一词）1.我相信我们的中国梦一定会实现。I believe our Chinese dreams will .2.杰克很外向，也很容易相处。 Jack is very outgoing and easy to get . 3.我们愿意保护濒临灭绝的野生动物。Were willing to wild animals.4.他们正在组织一场才艺表演为慈善事业筹款。Theyre organizing a talent show to for charity. 5.哈维的父母找到了一些适合他读的书籍。Harveys parents found some books him to read.6.当琳达听到这个好消息的时候，情不自禁的笑了。When Linda heard the good news, she couldnt .7.格林夫妇计划去某个轻松的地方度假。The Greens are planning to go for vocations.8.他父亲对他的事情感到自豪。His father great in what he has done.9.我宁愿去登山，也不愿意在家里看电视。Id rather go than TV at home.10.到目前为止，我们班三分之二的学生参加了体育俱乐部。So far, nearly two of the students in our class have the PE club.66.as well as you 67.in need 68.didnt wake up until 69.getting on /along well with 70.are satisfied/happy/pleased with1. come true2. along/on with3. protect endangered4. raise money5. suitable/fit fo。6. help/ stop laughing7. somewhere relaxing8. takes, pride。9. climbing, watch 10. thirds, joined【广东湛江】汉译英(按照所给汉语意思完成句子.注意语法正确，意思完整，词数不限。 1.我们的教室和他们的一样大。Our class room is theirs. 2.这个女孩正在听音乐。The girl music .ow. 3.这些发明是用来在黑暗中照明的。These inventions seeing in the darking 4.我太累了，什么都想不起来了。Im think of anythingI5.别担心！我已经关灯了。Dont worry , I the lightse turned off【2013四川遂宁】第二节：完成句子，每空一词（缩略词算一词）。81.我们应该学会怎样与人相处融洽。We should learn how to well with others.82.对我们而言保持健康很重要。Its very important for us to .83.高中和初中的教学方式是不同的。 The ways of teaching in senior school are those in junior school.84.直到回家，他才意识到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。He realize he had left his keys in his office he got home. 85.我们被分成四组做实验。We are four groups to do the experiment.1.as big as 2. is listening to 3,are used for 4 .too tired to 5 have turned off o81.get on 82.keep healthy 83.different from 84.didnt until 85.divided into【2013江苏扬州】76. 在我们学校图书馆里有好几千本书。_77. 扬州园林(Yangzhou Gardens)不仅在中国出名，而且在全世界也很有名。_78. 谁将应邀主持下周的演出？_79. 在这个公园里，除非你有地图，否则很容易迷路。_80. 对他们来说，像以前那样经常见到这样的美景不容易了。_【答案】76. There are thousands of books in our school library.77. Yangzhou Gardens is famous not only in China but also in the whole world.78. Who will be invited to host the next weeks show?79. Unless you have a map, you will get lost easily in the park.80. Its not easy for them to see such beautiful views as often as before.【2013江苏苏州】五、句子翻译并将所译句子写在答题卡上标有题号的横线上。51.我们正盼着过周末呢。 _52.她让我一连说了45分钟。 _53.你要是见到他，就把这个便条给他。_54.小孩最终被找到了，安然无恙。_55.对她来说，像以前那样经常与她父母亲见面就难了_51. We are looking forward to the weekend.52. She kept me talking for forty-five minutes.53. If you see him, give him this note.54. The child was finally found safe and well.55. Its difficult for her to see her parents as often as before.【2013湖北黄石】. 完成句子，每空一词。81. 父母经常说我们太年轻，不能自己做决定。 Our parents often say that we are _ young _ decide for ourselves.82. 随着时间的流逝，他忘记了那些不愉快的事情。 As time _ _, he forgot those unpleasant things.83. 你曾考虑过出国深造吗？ Have you ever _ _ abroad for further study?84. 如果你想得到更多的信息，你可以打电话或发邮件给我们。 If you want more information, you can _ ring _ e-mail us.85. 他开会迟到了，因为他的车在半路坏了。 He was late for the meeting because his car _ _ halfway.86. 他多次尝试过戒烟，但都失败了。 He tried _ _ smoking several times, but failed.87. 我突然想起我把钥匙忘在办公室里了。I suddenly _ _ my keys in the office.88. 这道题太难了，我们都做不出来。 It was _ difficult a problem _ none of us worked it out.89. 是时候采取措施治理污染了。 Its time to take measures to _ _ pollution.90. 抱歉，我错拿了你的包。Sorry, I took your bag _ _ . 81.too , to 82. passed , by .83. considered going. 84. either,or. 85. broke down. 86.giving, up . 87.remembered , leaving.88.so,that. 89. fight against 90. by mistake.【2013山东威海】根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，词数不限。将答案写在每小题后的横线上。68. 我发现他很难相处。_.69. 她妈妈上个月给她买了一台电脑。_.70. 电话铃响的时候你在干什么？_.71. 自从他离开北京，我们再也没见过面。_.72. 你能告诉我电话是什么时候发明的吗？_.【答案】68. I found him difficult to get along with.69. Her mother bought a new computer for her last month.70. What were you doing when the bell rang?71. We have never seen each other since he left Beijing.72. Can you tell me when the telephone was invented?【2013湖南娄底】翻译 阅读下短文，将划线句子翻译成中文或英语。Making friends is a skill. 1. Before you make friends, you have to decide whom you want to be your friends. Most people like to have friends who like to do the same kind of things as they do.2. The quickest way to make friends is to smile. When you smile, people think you are friendly to them and easy to talk to. It may not be easy to smile at first, but remember most people will stay away from an angry-looking face.To talk with others is a good way to make friends. One easy way to start a talk with someone is to say something nice about him. 3.Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesnt it make you want to keep talking to that person?Ask your new friends some questions about themselves. Who are their favorite singers? Where do they live? 4.他们放学后做些什么？ There are all good questions to start a talk. Make sure you have something to add to the talk，too. 5. When someone asks you a question, youd better have an answer for them. Remember that nothing will stop a talk more quickly than a shrug(耸肩) for an answer.【答案】1. 在你交朋友之前，你必须决定想让谁成为你的朋友。2. 交朋友最快的方法是微笑。3. 想想当有人说你好话时，你觉得多么快乐。4. What do they do after school?5. 当有人问你问题时，你最好回答他们。【2013 湖南衡阳】句子翻译。阅读短文，翻译画线部分的句子。(共5小题，计10分)Dear Knowledgeable,My best friend, Mei，has a problem. There is an important English speech contest for our whole town next month. (66) Our classmates want her to represent the class in the school contest. Everyone is sure she will win. Its probably true. (67) 梅很聪明并且英语说得非常好。In fact, she always comes top in the school exams. The problem is that shes very shy. (68)她不想让她的朋友们失望，but shes terrified of speaking in front of other people.Shes my friend，so she can tell me that shes shy. But she cant tell everyone that. (69) I cant think of any good advice to give her, (70) but you always comes up with good solutions to peoples problems. What do you think I should tell Mei? What do you think I should tell the rest of the students?Fran【主旨大意】本文是一封书信，主要叙述“我”的好朋友英语说得好，成绩好，唯一的缺点就是太害羞，希望能得到好的建议帮助好朋友。66. 我们班同学想让她代表我们班参加学校的比赛。67. Mei is very clever and she can speak English really well.68. She doesnt want to let her friends down. /She doesnt want to make her friends disappointed.69.我认为他们不会相信她。70.但是对于人们的问题你总是能想出好的解决方案。【2013湖南邵阳】B)翻译 阅读短文，将文中划线部分翻译成汉语。（共5小题，每小题2分）Rising in the east of the world has been the greatest China dream of Chinese people since modern times. 71 . The Chinese people support the China dream from their hearts. “ 72. Everybody has his own dream.” Chairman Xis words have brought “China Dream” into the life of every Chinese. However, 73. there is still a long way to go before the dream comes true. All people in China share the common future which needs longterm efforts. 74. If everyone is hard-working in his life, the China Dream will be realized and 75. our own dreams will come true. Only when the whole nation achieves development, can its people develop themselves in a correct way with freedom and equal chance of success. 【主旨大意】习主席多次提到“中国梦”， 并谈到“人生出彩”，谁的人生? 显然，不是少数人的人生，也不是多数人的人生，而是生活在中华人民共和国疆域内每一个国民、每一个个人的人生。本文就是从这个角度阐述如何实现“中国梦”。【答案】 71. 中国人民由衷地支持这个中国梦。72. 每个人都有自己的梦想。73.还有很长的路要走。 74.如果每个人在生活中努力工作 75.我们个人的梦想将会实现。【2013四川内江】II汉译英。将下列汉语翻译成英语（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）。91. Smith医生叫John戒酒。 92. 我们城市有越来越多的游客。93. 他告诉我说他见过李华很多次了。 94. 科学家发现在太空旅游是有可能的。95. 当我小的时候，我父母经常带我去我家附近的公园。【答案】91. Dr. Smith told/asked John to give up/stop drinking wine.92. There are more and more visitors in our city/cities.93. He told me that he had seen/met Li Hua many times.94. Scientists (have found) find out that travel in space is possible/its possible to travel in space.95. When I was young, my parents often took me to the park near my house.【2013福建福州】I. 将下列句子译成英语。必须用上所给的提示词。(每小题2分，共8分)111.你的电脑出了什么问题?(matter)112.昨天我邀请他和我一起吃晚餐。(invite, dinner) 113.她确信她能通过这场考试。( be sure, that) 114.只要努力学习，你就会取得进步。(progress, as long as) 【答案】111. Whats the matter with your computer?112. I invited him to have dinner with me yesterday.113. She is sure that she can pass the exam. 114. You will make progress as long as you study/work hard.As long as you study/work hard，you will make progress.八、【2013山东滨州】英汉互译（共5小题，计5分） 将下列英语句子译成汉语，汉语句子译成英语。91. The second step of making a banana milk shake is cutting up the bananas._ 92. Teachers often tell us to think more of others instead of caring only about ourselves._ 93. 每天按时到校是一个好习惯。_94. 在过去的几年里我的生活发生了很大的变化。_995. 如果你坚持你的梦想，终有一天它会成真。_【答案】91.制作香蕉奶昔的第二步是将香蕉切碎。92.老师常常告诫我们要多为别人着想，而不要只是关心自己。93. Getting to school on time is a good habit./Its a good habit to get to school on time every day.94. My life has changed a lot in the last/past few years. (Great changes have taken place in my life in the last/past few years.)95. If you hold on to your dream, it will come true one day.【2013山东枣庄】汉译英（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）把答案写在每小题后的横线上，必须用上所提供的单词或短语。76.他的父母不喜欢吃鸡肉（like） 77.这些学生现在忙于观看中国和美国的篮球赛（be busy doing） _78.我们的班主任对我们要求很严。（strict）_79.那个女孩夏天通常穿一件红衬衫和一条黄裙子（have on） 80.谁能容忍这样糟糕的天气？（stand） 答案：76. His parents dont like (to eat) chicken.77. These pupils/students are busy watching the football game/competition between China and the U. S now.78. Our head teacher is very strict with us.79. That girl usually has on a red T-shirt and a yellow skirt in summer.80. Who can stand such bad weather?【2013山东潍坊】六、翻译句子（共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分）用括号内所给的词或短语，将下列句子译成英语。1. 我们应该和老师友好相处。（get on with)_.2 我去年经常听她在房间里弹钢琴。(hear)_.3. 老虎以肉为主食。(live on)_.4. 大明喜欢听英语歌曲。（enjoy )_.参考答案：1. We should get on well with our teachers.2. I often heard her play the piano in the /her room last year.3. Tigers/A tiger live/ lives on meat.4. Daming enjoys listening to English songs.第二节英汉互译。阅读下面的短文，将划线部分的句子译成汉语或英语。(共5个小题，每小题1分)【2013湖南株洲】Dear Dale,Thank you for your email. (66) Its wonderful hear from you! Im so happy to hear that you havegot your M.A. in education. Congratulations! You are a good example to me. I must read a lot ofbooks like you.The university life is busy but interesting. (67) 这里有来自世界各地的名师。As a monitor I have to do a lot of work. But being a monitor plays an important role in my university use.(68) It is interesting for me to take part in different kinds of after-school activities. I like swimming best. It is really relaxing to swim in the swimming pool like a fish after class.Do find a chance to come to China again.(69)株洲发生了很大的变化。 I will show you around the city. (70) We can ride bicycles by the Xiangiiang River. I can cook the traditional Chinese food-dumplings for you.I hope you are all well! I miss you all dearly!Oliver66. _67. _68. _69. _70. _ 【主旨大意】本文是一封电子邮件的回复，主要讲的是作者Oliver介绍自己在大学的学习和生活情况。同时也介绍了株洲的变换，希望Dale来中国游玩，并给他做传统的中国美食-饺子。【答案】66.收到你的来信真是太好了。67. There are famous teachers from all over the world here/Here are many famous teachers from the world/around the world.68. 对于我来说参加各种各样的课后活动真是很有趣的。69. Great changes has taken place in Zhuzhou.70.我们能在湘江沿岸骑自行车。 【2013湖南长沙】第二节 翻译语篇阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。(共5小题，计10分) Australia is the greatest island in the world. 71.澳大利亚比中国小一点. Australia is big, but there are fewer people there. The population(人口) of Australia is smaller than that of Shanghai. a city. of China.72.Australia is in the south of the earth. So when it is