职称英语理工类A、B、C级综合试卷模拟21.doc

全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟试题(三)第一部分：词汇选项 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的 4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。 1. As they move, glaciers push piles of rocks ahead of them. A. toward B. above C. in front of D. alongside of 2. Insects thrive all over, from the hottest deserts to the snow-clad peaks of lofty mountains. A. silently B. totally C. everywhere D. overhead 3. Male lions remain aloof from the day-to-day activities of their families. A. upwind of B. separate from C. exhausted from D. bored with 4. Many photographers prefer to take pictures at twilight when they can take advantage of the special effects of the setting sun. A. at dusk B. at noon C. in the spring D. in the fall 5. The poem is attributed to one of Emily Dickinsons. A. testified as B. handed out by C. identified as D. predicted as 6. The Coriolis force causes all moving projectiles on Earth to be deflected from a straight line. A. spring B. deviate C. be retracted D. be conceived 7. By the time the war broke out, most of the people had already left. A. began B. spoiled the country C. became less widespread D. intervened 8. His marked personality changes were brought about by a series of unfortunate events. A. preceded B. accompanied C. caused D. hastened 9. Penicillin was discovered by chance in 1928. A. finally B. accidentally C. experimentally D. opportunely 10. Bladder wrack, a tough, leathery brown seaweed, clings to rocks tenaciously. A. grows under B. hides under C. sticks to D. yields to 11. Sue was distraught waiting for her mother to come to last night. A. make a social debut B. regain consciousness C. come home in spite of difficulty D. meet her immediately 12. Psychologists have done extensive studies of how well patients comply with doctors orders. A. obey B. understand C. improve with D. agree with 13. The Taconic Mountains form part of the dividing line between New York and Massachusetts. A. geographic dispute B. boundary C. scenic attractions D. territory 14. My wife wants me to do away with my shoes. A. dispense with B. get rid of C. do without D. maul 15. The Pop Art of the 1960s used imagery drawn from the everyday world. A. understood by B. approved by C. censored in D. taken from第二部分：阅读判断 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。Ancient Water From Afar It streaked across the sky on a warm March evening last year, then crashed into a street in the small town of Monahans, Texas. When seven boys quit their basketball game to inspect the damage, they found a shiny, black grapefruit-size rock settled in the asphalt (沥青). Word of the “flaming rock” traveled quickly in newspapers and on TV. The next day, NASA scientist Everett Gibson arrived and took the meteorite(陨石) , later named Monahans 1998, back to a lab in Houston. There researchers broke open the extraterrestrial (地球外的)rock with a hammer and chisel (凿子). To their surprise, they struck water. A team led by Michael Zolensky of the Johnson Space Center reports this discovery in a journal. Its the first time anyone has found liquid water in an object from spaceand a suggestion that life may exist out side our planet. Meteorites containing water are probably not scarce, Zolensky says. But by the time researchers get their hands on the rocks, minerals that trap the water have dissolved away, and the water have evaporated. Worse, some researchers destroy the evidence by cutting meteor ites open with rock saws and water. “Im betting this isnt such a rare finds its just that people have been mistreating their meteorites,” Zolensky says. Of course, Zolenskys team did get a bit lucky. Monahans 1998 was safe in their lab less than two days after it hit the Earth, so they examined an unusually fresh sample. The scientists were keen to find vivid purple crystals of halite (岩盐)inside the meteorite, since halite is a salt mineral usually formed from liquid water. Even more curious were the hundreds of tiny bubbles suspended in the halite crystals. Zolenskys team analyzed the bubbles by shining a laser beam through them and confirmed they were made of salty brine (盐水). By dating the halite, Zolenskys team found the water trapped inside it formed at least 4.5 billion years ago, back when most scientists believe our solar system was born. That means the briny object amy help researchers learn about the gaseous nebulas(星云)that gave rise to our sun and planets. But how did the meteorite get wet? One possibility is that a passing comet smashed into the rock, dropping off a load of liquid water. Or the rock might have chipped off an asteroid (小行星)that holds pools of fluid. Zolenskys team still needs to study whether the water comes from our own solar system. One thing is certain, however: the Monahans meteorite will fuel the debate on extraterrestrial life, “Water is a life-giver, so if you want to study where life came from in the solar system, you have to follow where water came from,” Zolensky says. A wet rock from space doesnt mean little green men are coming soon to a planet near you, but it does raise hopes that were not alone in the universe. 16. Scientist find liquid water inside the rock. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17. The meteorite was broken open in California. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 18. The Johnson Space Center reported the discovery in the journal Newsweek. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 19. Monahans 1998 was formed when the solar system came into being. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20. Monahans 1998 means that little green men are coming soon to a planet near us. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 21. The rock clipped off an asteroid that held pools of water. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 22. A passing comet smashed into the rock and dropped off a load of liquid. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned第三部分：概括大意与完成句子 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务；(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第36段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。Heartbeat of America 1. New Yorkthe Statue of Liberty, the skyscrapers, the beautiful shops on Fifth Avenue and the many theaters on Broadway. This is Americas cultural capital. It is also her biggest city, with a population of nearly 8 million. In the summer it is hot, hot, hot and in the winter it can be very cold. Still there are hundreds of things to do and see all the year round. 2. Manhattan is the real center of the city. When people say “New York City,” they usually mean Manhattan. Most of the interesting shops, buildings and museums are here. In addition, Manhattan is the scene of New Yorks busy night life. In 1605 the first Europeans came to Manhattan from Holland. They bought the island from the Native Americans for a few glass necklaces worth about $ 26 today. 3. Wall Street in Manhattan is the financial heart of the USA. It is also the most important banking center in the world. It is a street of “skyscrapers”. These are those incredible, high buildings, which Americans invented, and built faster and higher than anyone else. Perhaps the two most spectacular skyscrapers in New York are the two towers of the New York World Trade Center. When the sun sets, their 110 floors shine like pure gold. 4. Like every big city, New York has its own traffic system. Traffic jams can be terrible. Its usually quickest to go by subway. The New York subway is easy to use and quite cheap. The subway goes to almost every corner of Manhattan. But it is not safe to take the subway late in night because in some places you could get robbed. New York buses are also easy to use. You see more if you go by bus. There are more than 30,000 taxis in New York. They are easy to see, because they are bright yellow and carry large TAXI signs. Taxis do not go outside the city. However, they will go to the airports. In addition to the taxi fare, people give the taxi driver a tip of 15 percent of the fares value. 5. Central Park is a beautiful green oasis in the middle of New Yorks concrete desert. It is surprisingly big, with lakes and woods, as well as organized recreation areas. New Yorkers love Central Park, and they use it all the time. In the winter, they go ice-skating, and in the summer roller-skating. They play ball, ride horses and have picnics. They go bicycling and boating. There is even a childrens zoo, with wild birds and animals. 6. Along the east side of Central Park runs Fifth Avenue, once called “Millionaires Row.” In the 19th century, the richest men in America built their magnificent homes here. It is still the most fashionable street in the city, with famous department stores. 7. Broadway is the street where you will find New Yorks best known theaters. But away from the bright lights and elegant clothes of Broadway are many smaller theaters. Their plays an called “off-Broad-way” and are often more unusual than the Broadway shows. As well as many theaters, New York has a famous opera house. This is the Metropolitan, where international stars sing from September until April. Carnegie Hall is the citys most popular concert hall. But night life in New York offers more than classical music and theater. There are hundreds of nightclubs where people go to eat and dance. 23. Paragraph 3 _ 24. Paragraph 4 _ 25. Paragraph 5 _ 26. Paragraph 6 _ A. The Financial Center of USA B. The Night Life in New York C. The Traffic Facilities of New York D. Shopping Center for the Rich E. New YorkAn International City F. Central ParkA Place of Recreation for the New Yorkers 27. The island of Manhattan was bought by the Hollanders from the native Americans_. 28. Central Park is a good place where the New Yorkers can go and_. 29. Fifth Avenue is the place_. 30. For those play-lovers who are interested in what is unusual, the small theaters might be more attractive_. A. do whatever they like for relaxation B. where you can play all kinds of ball games C. than the world famous Broadway D. enjoy the colorful night life of the city E. where the wealthy people would go shopping F. for what seems to be a very small sum today第四部分：阅读理解 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题。 第一篇 The Now Rich and the Old Rich Though it is mere 1 to 3 percent of the population, the upper class possesses at least 25 percent of the nations wealth. This class has two segments: upper-upper and lower-upper. Basically, the upper-upper class is the “old rich”families that have been wealthy for several generations and aristocracy of birth and wealth. Their names are in the Social Register, a listing of acceptable members of high society. A few are known across the nation, such as the Rockfellers, Roosevelts, and Vanderbilts. Most are not visible to the general public. They live in grand seclusion (深居简出), drawing their income from the investment of their inherited wealth. In contrast, the lower upper class is the “new rich”. Although they may he wealthier than some of the old rich, the new rich have hustled(急于做)to make their money like everybody else beneath their class. Thus their prestige is generally lower than that of the old rich, who have not found it necessary to lift a finger to make their money, and who tend to look down upon the new rich. However its wealth is acquired, the upper class is very, very rich. They have enough money and leisure time to cultivate an interest in the arts and to collect rare books, painting, and sculpture. They generally live in exclusive areas, belong to exclusive social clubs, communicate with each other, and marry their own kind all of which keeps them so distant from the masses that they have been called the out-of-sight class. They also command an enormous amount of power and influence here and abroad, as they hold many top government positions, run the Council on foreign relations, and control multinational corporations. Their actions affect the lives of millions. 31. All the following statements are true except that_. A. the upper-upper class is of aristocratic origin B. the “old rich” enjoy higher prestige than the “new rich” C. the “old rich” isolate themselves and lead a lonely life D. the upper class owns at least a quarter of the countrys wealth 32. The “old rich” get richer_ A. through the Social Register B. through their reputation C. by investing their inherited wealth D. by collecting paintings and sculptures 33. The reason why the “old rich” look down upon the “new rich” is that_. A. the former are wealthier than the latter B. the latter sweat themselves to make money C. the “new rich” have no interest in arts D. the “old rich” are conscious of being members of the upper class 34. The upper class is also called the out-of-sight class because_. A. they keep away from the general public B. they spend most of their time abroad C. they move frequently from place to place D. they dont communicate with any people 35. We can learn from the passage that_. A. the upper class is powerful and influential B. the upper class collects rare books to make money C. the upper class holds all top government positions D. the “old rich” makes much more money than the “new rich” 第二篇 Investment and Consumption Investment in the public sector, such as electricity, irrigation, public services and transport (excluding vehicles, ships and planes) increased by about 10%, although the emphasis moved to the transport and away from the other sectors mentioned. Trade and services recorded a 16% 17% investment growth, including a 30% increase in investment in business premises. Industrial investment is estimated to have risen by 8%. Although the share of agriculture in total gross investment in the economy continued to decline, investment grew by 9% in absolute equipment. Housing construction had 12% more invested in it in 1964, not so much owing to increased demand, as to fears of new taxes and limitation of building. Total consumption in real terms rose by close on 11% during 1964, and per capita personal consumption by under 7%, as in 1963. The undesirable trend towards a rapid rise in consumption, evident in previous years, remained unaltered. Since at current prices consumption rose by 16% and disposable income by 13%, there was evidently a fall in the rate of saving in the private sector of the economy. Once again consumption patterns indicated a swift advance in the standard of living. Expenditure on food declined in significance, although consumption of fruit increased. Spending on furniture and household equipment, health, education and recreation continued to increase. The greatest proof of altered living standards was the rapid expansion of expenditure on transport (including private cars) and personal services of all kinds, which occurred during 1964. The progressive wealth of large sectors of the public was demonstrated by the changing composition of durable goods purchased. Saturation (饱和) point was rapidly being approached for items such as the first household radio, gas cookers, and electric refrigerators, whereas increasing purchases of automobiles and television sets were registered. 36. From this passage, we learn that people_. A. spent more money than they earned B. saved more money than previously C. invested and consumed at an accelerated pace D. spent their money wisely 37. The author thinks that the trend towards a rapid rise in consumption was “undesirable” because_. A. expenditure on luxuries increased B. people were wealthy C. people consumed less D. people saved less 38. Expenditure increased on all the following EXCEPT_. A. food B. automobiles C. education D. entertainment 39. It can be inferred from the increase of fruit consumption that_. A. people had to spend more on transportation and furniture B. the price of fruit dropped dramatically C. people were more money conscious D. people were more healthy conscious 40. The word “registered” in the last line most probably means_. A. marked B. approached C. listed D. booked第三篇 The Effects of Global Warming on Weather There are hidden factors which scientists call “feedback mechanisms”. No one knows quite how they will interact with the changing climate. Heres one example: plants and animals adapt to climate change over centuries. At the current estimate of half a degree centigrade of warming per decade, vegetation (植物) may not keep up. Climatologist James Hansen predicts climate zones will shift toward the poles by 50 to 75 kilometres a yearfaster than trees can naturally migrate. Species that find themselves in an unfamiliar environment will die. The 1000-kilometer-wide strip of forest running through Canada, the USSR and Scandinavia could be cut by half. Millions of dying trees would soon lead to massive forest fir