安装Xen、创建Xen虚拟机、使用Xen虚拟机过程中经常出现的错误总结.doc

分类： 虚拟机 软件使用 Linux 2011-04-21 20:16 2004人阅读 评论(1) 收藏 举报 目录 安装Xen、创建Xen虚拟机、使用Xen虚拟机过程中经常出现的错误总结(1) 启动 Xend 时出现错误 ImportError: /usr /lib/python/xen/lowlevel/acm.so: undefined symbol: Py_InitModule4 (2) 使用 virt-install 创建Xen虚拟机时出现错误：ERROR virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效 (3) virt-manager 中连接虚拟机管理者Dom 0时出现错误：虚拟机管理者连接失败 libvirtError: virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed (4) virt-install 安装虚拟机是出现错误：ERROR 无法连接到 localhost:8000: 拒绝连接 (5) virt-manager 安装Xen虚拟机连接网络时nat和桥接设备均为空，无法选择，安装不能继续(6) virt-manager 或者 virt-install 安装虚拟机系统过程中出现错误：libvirt.libvirtError virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working. (7)半虚拟化安装，选择nat上网方式、IP配置使用 DHCP 方式时，虚拟机系统安装过程卡在 TCP/IP 配置界面，停滞不前错误总结 使用 CentOS 5.2 默认安装的 Xen，启动 Xend 时出现如下错误：(1) 启动 Xend 时出现错误 ImportError: /usr /lib/python/xen/lowlevel/acm.so: undefined symbol: Py_InitModule4 -rootglnode04 # xendTraceback (most recent call last): File /usr/sbin/xend, line 51, in from xen.xend.server import SrvDaemon File /usr/lib64/python/xen/xend/server/SrvDaemon.py, line 20, in import xen.lowlevel.xcImportError: /usr/lib64/python/xen/lowlevel/xc.so: undefined symbol: Py_InitModule4 rootglnode04 # xm listTraceback (most recent call last): File /usr/sbin/xm, line 8, in from xen.xm import main File /usr/lib/python/xen/xm/main.py, line 45, in from xen.util import security File /usr/lib/python/xen/util/security.py, line 25, in from xen.lowlevel import acmImportError: /usr/lib/python/xen/lowlevel/acm.so: undefined symbol: Py_InitModule4 -#原因分析和解决办法：直觉是 python import 时出现的错误，查看文件/usr/sbin/xend，第51行是“from xen.xend.server import SrvDaemon”，就是这行出错。查看 python 版本rootglnode04 # python -VPython 2.5查看 python 安装路径rootglnode04 # which python/usr/local/bin/python查看系统安装的 python 的rpm包版本rootglnode04 # rpm -q pythonpython-2.4.3-21.el5 从这可以看出 python 版本和 rpm 包所示的版本不一致，这个 rpm 包是 CentOS 5.2 自带的.系统是CentOS 5.2, 我们发现使用的不是CentOS 5.2 默认安装的 python，默认安装的是 Python 2.4.3，CentOS 5.2 默认将python安装在/usr/bin下。 rootglnode04 # /usr/bin/python -VPython 2.4.3由此可以想到可能是环境变量 PATH 的设置导致我们在命令行执行 python 时使用的是 /usr/local/bin/python，可能是 PATH 的值中 /usr/local/bin 在 /usr/bin 之前； 检查 /.bashrc 发现的确如此，环境变量 PATH 设置是 export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH，将其修改为export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/bin，然后 source /.bashrc，或者退出 shell，重新开启一个 shell，测试 python ，发现使用的是默认版本。rootglnode04 # python -VPython 2.4.3启动 Xend ，正常，没有问题。rootglnode04 # xm listError: Unable to connect to xend: No such file or directory. Is xend running?rootglnode04 # xendusage: /usr/sbin/xend start|stop|restartrootglnode04 # xend startrootglnode04 # xm listName ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)Domain-0 0 7931 8 r- 463.9分析原因，是因为 Xen 是python写的，执行 Xen 相关工具时需要调用 python 相关库，如果版本对应不一致，或者库路径不一致，则会出错。#(2) 使用 virt-install 创建Xen虚拟机时出现错误： ERROR virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效 -rootglnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5# virt-install -n vm01-CentOS-5.5 -r 1024 -vcpus=4 -f vm01-CentOS-5.5.img -s 20 -nographic -l 4:8888/mirrors/CentOS/5.5/Would you like a fully virtualized guest (yes or no)? This will allow you to run unmodified operating systems. no Starting install.Retrieving file .treeinfo 100% |=| 417 B 00:00 Retrieving file vmlinuz. 100% |=| 2.0 MB 00:00 Retrieving file initrd.im 100% |=| 7.7 MB 00:00 virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效Domain installation may not have beensuccessful. If it was, you can restart your domainby running virsh start vm02-CentOS-5.5; otherwise, pleaserestart your installation.三, 20 4月 2011 19:21:08 ERROR virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效Traceback (most recent call last): File /usr/bin/virt-install, line 502, in ? main() File /usr/bin/virt-install, line 462, in main dom = guest.start_install(conscb,progresscb) File /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py, line 813, in start_install return self._do_install(consolecb, meter) File /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py, line 834, in _do_install self.domain = self.conn.createLinux(install_xml, 0) File /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py, line 573, in createLinux if ret is None:raise libvirtError(virDomainCreateLinux() failed, conn=self)libvirtError: virDomainCreateLinux() failed XML描述 domain 不是良好的格式或者无效 -#解决办法：安装前先启动 libvirtd 服务。rootglnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5# /etc/init.d/libvirtd statuslibvirtd is stoppedrootglnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5# /etc/init.d/libvirtd startStarting libvirtd daemon: OK 原因分析:出现此报错应该是主机的libvirtd服务没有启动，而virt-install工具在进行客户机系统安装的时候错误地将客户机的网卡连接到 libvirtd服务起的网桥virbr0上，此时libvirtd是关闭的，所以virbr0也不存在了，就出现了上面的错误信息。解决方法有两个：（i）启动libvirtd服务后重新用原来的virt-install命令安装客户机操作系统；#/etc/init.d/libvirtd start（ii）、在原来的virt-install命令后面加-b参数指定需要连接的网桥，如果未调整网络，一般默认的网桥应该为xenbr0要查看网桥的名称可以使用brctl命令查看rootglnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5# /etc/init.d/libvirtd statuslibvirtd is stoppedrootglnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5# brctl show # libvirtd是关闭时网桥virbr0也不存在bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfacesrootglnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5# /etc/init.d/libvirtd startStarting libvirtd daemon: OK rootglnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5# /etc/init.d/libvirtd statuslibvirtd (pid 20863) is running.rootglnode04 vm02-CentOS-5.5# brctl showbridge name bridge id STP enabled interfacesvirbr0 8000.000000000000 yes 此处我们已经关闭了libvirtd服务，剩下的网桥的名称为xenbr0（如果创建了多个网桥，选择自己需要的网桥名称）#virt-install -n kiro-test -r 256 -vcpus=1 -f /data/rh5 -nographics -p -d -l -b xenbr0参考： XEN故障与解决方法汇总 #(3) virt-manager 中连接虚拟机管理者Dom 0时出现错误：虚拟机管理者连接失败 libvirtError: virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed -Unable to open connection to hypervisor URI xen:/:libvirt.libvirtError virConnectOpenReadOnly() failedTraceback (most recent call last): File /usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/connection.py, line 307, in _open_thread self.vmm = libvirt.openReadOnly(self.uri) File /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py, line 132, in openReadOnly if ret is None:raise libvirtError(virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed)libvirtError: virConnectOpenReadOnly() failed -#解决：修改 xen 配置文件，按如下方式修改：rootglnode04 # vim /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp(xend-http-server yes)(xend-unix-server yes) 重新启动 Xend 服务rootglnode04 # xend restart#(4) virt-install 安装虚拟机是出现错误：ERROR 无法连接到 localhost:8000: 拒绝连接 -rootgmnode14 vm01-CentOS-5.5# virt-install -n vm01-CentOS-5.5 -r 1024 -vcpus=4 -f vm01-CentOS-5.5.img -s 20 -nographic -l nfs:4:/opt/CentOS/mirrors/5.5ERROR 无法连接到 localhost:8000: 拒绝连接Traceback (most recent call last): File /usr/sbin/virt-install, line 861, in ? main() File /usr/sbin/virt-install, line 636, in main conn = cli.getConnection(options.connect) File /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/cli.py, line 126, in getConnection conn = libvirt.open(connect) File /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py, line 159, in open if ret is None:raise libvirtError(virConnectOpen() failed)libvirtError: 无法连接到 localhost:8000: 拒绝连接-#解决：修改 Xend 配置文件，然后，xend restart rootgmnode14 yum.repos.d# vim /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp(xend-http-server yes)(xend-unix-server yes)(xend-port 8000) #(5) virt-manager 安装Xen虚拟机连接网络时nat和桥接设备均为空，无法选择，安装不能继续 #分析原因：出现此报错应该是主机的libvirtd服务没有启动，而virt-install工具在进行客户机系统安装的时候错误地将客户机的网卡连接到libvirtd服务起的网桥virbr0上，此时libvirtd是关闭的，所以virbr0也不存在了，就出现了上面的错误信息。解决方法：启动libvirtd服务后重新运行 virt-manager 来安装客户机操作系统；#/etc/init.d/libvirtd start但是这也只能保证 nat 选项中有 default 选项，桥接仍不能选择设备，要彻底解决Xen虚拟机网络设备问题请参考问题(6) 参考： XEN故障与解决方法汇总 #(6) virt-manager 或者 virt-install 安装虚拟机系统过程中出现错误： libvirt.libvirtError virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working. -Unable to complete install libvirt.libvirtError virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working. )Traceback (most recent call last): File /usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/create.py, line 611, in do_install dom = guest.start_install(False, meter = meter) File /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py, line 813, in start_install return self._do_install(consolecb, meter) File /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py, line 834, in _do_install self.domain = self.conn.createLinux(install_xml, 0) File /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py, line 573, in createLinux if ret is None:raise libvirtError(virDomainCreateLinux() failed, conn=self)libvirtError: virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.) -#原因分析：从错误提示中可以查看到设备(vif) 不能连接，突然想到之前创建虚拟机时在网络连接设置时桥接方式不能选择，只能选择nat方式连接网络(见问题5)，很可能和这个问题也有关系；解决办法： 因为我使用的机器是好几年前的，系统是 Cent OS 5.2，不知道xen相关包有没有安装正常，于是使用 yum -y install xen* 重新安装了 xen 相关包，发现有几个包的确没有安装上 。安装完毕，重启系统后创建虚拟机，该问题不再出现。如何使用 yum 安装xen相关软件包，请参见 CentOS 5.4下使用yum安装Xen 2011-04-29 更新该问题后来我在另外一台机器上做实验室时一直提示该错误，就算重新安装了 xen，还是无法解决问题，后来终于从一个国外的网站上得到了提示，这个网站现在不记得了，忘记搜藏了。网站上说，启动虚拟机桥接设备需要这样几个内核模块支持：netbk ，netloop，于是我使用 modprobe 命令手动加载了这两个模块，并且重新启动了 xend，这是生成了网桥设备 xenbr0，我的测试和使用日志如下：安装虚拟机系统时，出现以下错误：virt-install -n vm02-CentOS-5.5-full -r 2048 -vcpus=4 -f vm02-CentOS-5.5-full.img -s 20 -nographic -l 4:8088/CentOS/5.5/ roothdfs05 vm01-CentOS-5.5-full# ./install_vm.sh Would you like a fully virtualized guest (yes or no)? This will allow you to run unmodified operating systems. yesStarting install.Retrieving file .treeinfo 100% |=| 417 B 00:00 Retrieving file boot.iso. 100% |=| 10 MB 00:00 Creating storage file. 100% |=| 20 GB 00:00 virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.)Domain installation may not have beensuccessful. If it was, you can restart your domainby running virsh start vm02-CentOS-5.5-full; otherwise, pleaserestart your installation.二, 26 4月 2011 09:23:28 ERROR virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.)Traceback (most recent call last): File /usr/bin/virt-install, line 502, in ? main() File /usr/bin/virt-install, line 462, in main dom = guest.start_install(conscb,progresscb) File /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py, line 813, in start_install return self._do_install(consolecb, meter) File /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/virtinst/Guest.py, line 834, in _do_install self.domain = self.conn.createLinux(install_xml, 0) File /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/libvirt.py, line 573, in createLinux if ret is None:raise libvirtError(virDomainCreateLinux() failed, conn=self)libvirtError: virDomainCreateLinux() failed POST操作失败: (xend.err Device 0 (vif) could not be connected. Hotplug scripts not working.)这是 xenbr0、vif0.0 未启动导致的问题。重启机器后roothdfs05 # xend startroothdfs05 # xm listName ID Mem(MiB) VCPUs State Time(s)Domain-0 0 7931 8 r- 40.5roothdfs05 # ifconfigeth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1A inet addr: Bcast:55 Mask: inet6 addr: fe80:21d:7dff:fe48:381a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:4942 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:111 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:681358 (665.3 KiB) TX bytes:14358 (14.0 KiB) Memory:d8320000-d8340000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1B inet addr: Bcast:55 Mask: inet6 addr: fe80:21d:7dff:fe48:381b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4970 (4.8 KiB) TX bytes:552 (552.0 b) Memory:d8360000-d8380000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr: Mask: inet6 addr: :1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:87189 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:87189 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:118287320 (112.8 MiB) TX bytes:118287320 (112.8 MiB)roothdfs05 # /etc/init.d/libvirtd Usage: /etc/init.d/libvirtd start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|reloadroothdfs05 # /etc/init.d/libvirtd statuslibvirtd is stoppedroothdfs05 # /etc/init.d/libvirtd start 启动 libvirtd 服务Starting libvirtd daemon: OK roothdfs05 # ifconfig ，生成了网桥设备 virbr0 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1A inet addr: Bcast:55 Mask: inet6 addr: fe80:21d:7dff:fe48:381a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5082 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:175 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:710500 (693.8 KiB) TX bytes:23050 (22.5 KiB) Memory:d8320000-d8340000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1B inet addr: Bcast:55 Mask: inet6 addr: fe80:21d:7dff:fe48:381b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:20 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4970 (4.8 KiB) TX bytes:552 (552.0 b) Memory:d8360000-d8380000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr: Mask: inet6 addr: :1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:87613 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:87613 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:118861744 (113.3 MiB) TX bytes:118861744 (113.3 MiB)virbr0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet addr: Bcast:55 Mask: inet6 addr: fe80:200:ff:fe00:0/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:0 (0.0 b) TX bytes:328 (328.0 b)roothdfs05 # xend stoproothdfs05 # /etc/init.d/libvirtd stopStopping libvirtd daemon: OK roothdfs05 # /etc/init.d/libvirtd startroothdfs05 # xend startroothdfs05 # ifconfigeth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1A inet addr: Bcast:55 Mask: inet6 addr: fe80:21d:7dff:fe48:381a/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:5508 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:299 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:757440 (739.6 KiB) TX bytes:42402 (41.4 KiB) Memory:d8320000-d8340000 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:1D:7D:48:38:1B inet addr: Bcast:55