08 09 10完型【word2013】.docx

2008 The idea that some groups of people mayaux.v.可能，也许；可以，被允许；祝，愿 be more intelligenta.聪明的,明智的,理智的 than others is one of those hypothesisn.假说,假设,前提 that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which arousedvt.唤醒，叫醒；唤起，激起 much controversyn.争论，辩论，争吵 when it was first suggested. 5 he, however, might tremble at the 6 of what he is about to do. Together with another twonum.二，两个n.两个(人或物) scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only 7 that one group of humanityn.人类,人性,人情;(pl.)人文科学 is more intelligenta.聪明的,明智的,理智的 than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8 are a particular people originatedv.(in,from)起源,发生;首创,创造 from central Europe. The process is natural selection.n.选择,挑选;选集,精选物 This group generally do well in IQ test,【9】 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectualn.知识分子 a.智力的，理智的，有理解力的 and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites,n.集合名词精华;精锐;中坚分子 including several world-renowned scientists, 13. They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nastya.肮脏的,卑劣的,下流的;令人厌恶的 genetica.遗传(学)的 n.-s遗传学 diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14, have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 education. The lattera.后者的；后一半的，接近终了的 n.后者 was seen as a (an) 17 of genetica.遗传(学)的 n.-s遗传学 isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 18. His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to uniquea.唯一的,独一无二的 evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs. 1. A selected B prepared C obligedv.强迫,迫使;责成;(使)感激,施恩于 D pleased 2. A uniquea.唯一的,独一无二的 B particular C special D rare 3. A of B with C in D against 4. A subsequently B presentlyad.一会儿,不久;现在,目前 C previously D latelyad.最近,不久前 5. A Only B So C Even D Hencead.从此,今后;因此 6. A thought B sight C cost D risk 7. A advises B suggests C protestsv./n.主张,断言,抗议,反对 D objects 8. A progress B fact C need D question 9. A attaining B scoring C reaching D calculatingv.计算,推算;计划,打算 10. A normal B common C mean D total 11. A unconsciously B disproportionately C indefinitely D unaccountably 12. A missionsn.使命,任务;使团,代表团 B fortunes C interests D careersn.(个人的)事业；专业，生涯，职业，经历 13. A affirmvt.断言，坚持声称；肯定；证实,确认； B witness C observe D approve 14. A moreoverconj./ad.再者,加之,而且 B therefore C however D meanwhile 15. A given up B got over C carried on D put down 16. A assessing B supervisingv.管理,监督 C administeringv.施行，实施；掌管，料理.的事务；给予 D valuing 17. A development B origin C consequencen.结果,后果,影响;重要性 D instrument 18. A linked B integratedv.(into,with)(使)成为一体,(使)结合在一起 C woven D combined 19. A limiteda.有限的,被限制的 B subjected C convertedv.变换,转换；改变（信仰等）；兑换（钱） D directed 20. A paradoxical B incompatible C inevitablea.不可避免的,必然发生的 D continuousa.连续的,持续的 2009 Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmers piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbsn.灯泡,球状物 burn longer, that there is an 4 in not beingn.生物，生命,存在； too terrifically bright. Intelligence, it 5 out, is a high-priced option.n.选择(权),商选择买卖的特权 It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learningn.知识,学问;学习 a graduala.逐渐的,逐步的 7 instead of instinct.n.本能,直觉,天性 Plenty of other speciesn.(物)种,种类 are able to learn, and one of the things theyve apparently learneda.博学的,有学问的 is when to 8. Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? Thats the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glancev.(at,over)扫视 n.匆匆看,一瞥,一眼 10 at all the speciesn.(物)种,种类 weve left in the dustn.灰尘,尘土 v.拂,掸 I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal Ive ever met. Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test uspron.我们(we的宾格形式) to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17, not merely how much of it there is. 18, they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive. 1. A Suppose B Consider C Observe D Imagine 2. A tended B feared C happened D threatenedv.恐吓,威胁;有危险,快要来临 3. A thinner B stabler C lighter D dimmer 4. A tendency B advantage C inclination D priorityn.先,前;优先,重点,优先权 5. A insists on B sumsn.总数,和;金额;算术题;要旨 v.合计,总计 up C turns out D puts forward 6. A off B behind C over D along 7. A incrediblea.不可相信的,惊人的,不可思议的 B spontaneousa.自发的,自然产生的 C inevitablea.不可避免的,必然发生的 D graduala.逐渐的,逐步的 8. A fight B doubt C stop D think 9. A invisiblea.看不见的,无形的 B limiteda.有限的,被限制的 C indefinite D different 10. A upward B forward C afterward D backward 11. A featuresn.特征;容貌;特色;特写 v.以.为特色 B influences C results D costs 12. A outside B on C by D across 13. A deliver B carry C perform D apply 14. A by chance B in contrastn.对比，对照 vi.形成对比 vt.把与对比 C as usual D for instancen.例子,事例,例证 15. A if B unless C as D lestconj.惟恐,免得 16. A moderatea.有节制的,中等的,适度的,温和的,稳健的 B overcome C determine D reach 17. A at B for C after D with 18. A Above all B After all C However D Otherwise 19. A fundamentala.基础的,基本的 n.(pl.)基本原则,基本原理 B comprehensivea.内容广泛的,总括性的，综合的 C equivalenta.(to)相等的,等价的 n.相等物,等价物 D hostilea.敌对的,敌方的,敌意的 20. A By accident B In time C So far D Better still In 1924 Americas National Research Counciln.理事会,委员会,议事机构 sent twonum.二，两个n.两个(人或物) engineers to supervisev.管理,监督 a seriesn.一系列,连续;丛书 of industriala.工业的,产业的 experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hopedv.人单足跳;跳上(车等) n.蹦跳;短程飞行 they would learn how stop-floor lighting 【1】 workers productivity.n.生产率 Instead, the studies ended 【2】 giving their name to the Hawthorne effect, the extremely influentiala.有影响的;有权势的 idea that the very 【3】 to beingn.生物，生命,存在； experimented upon changed subjects behavior.n.(behaviour)行为,举止；(机器等)运转情况 The idea arose because of the 【4】 behaviorn.(behaviour)行为,举止；(机器等)运转情况 of the women in the Hawthorne plant. Accordingprepprep.据/照(所说、所写)；按，视 to 【5】 of the experiments, their hourly outputn.产量,输出(量) rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 【6】 what was done in the experiment; 【7】 something was changed, productivityn.生产率 rose. A(n) 【8】 that they were beingn.生物，生命,存在； experimented upon seemed to be 【9】 to alter workers behaviorn.(behaviour)行为,举止；(机器等)运转情况 【10】 itself. After several decades, the same data were 【11】 to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 【12】the descriptions on record, no systematic 【13】 was found that levels of productivityn.生产率 were relatedv.叙述,讲述;使互相关联 to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiara.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 way of conducting the experiments maybe have let to 【14】 interpretation of what happed. 【15】, lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, outputn.产量,输出(量) 【16】 rose compared with the previousa.先前的,以前的 Saturday and 【17】 to rise for the next couple of days. 【18】, a comparisonn.比较,对比,比喻,比拟 with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that outputn.产量,输出(量) always went up on Monday, workers 【19】 to be diligenta.勤奋的,用功的 for the first few days of the week in any case, before 【20】 a plateaun.高原,平稳状态时期 and then slackening off. This suggests that the allegedv.断言，宣称；指控 Hawthorne effect is hard to pin down. 1. A affected B achieved C extractedv./n.拔出,抽出;摘录 n.抽取物;精华;选集 D restoredv.恢复,使回复;归还,交还;修复,重建 2. A at B up C with D off 3. A truth B sight C act D proofn.证据,证明;校样,样张 4. A controversial B perplexingv.使困惑,使费解,使复杂化 C mischievous D ambiguous 5. A requirementsn.(for)需要,需要的东西,要求 B explanations C accounts D assessments 6. A conclude B matter C indicatev.指出,指示;表明,暗示 D wo