高中英语状语从句知识点及练习

.高中英语 - 状语从句一、概念：状语通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。二、分类及使用1. 时间状语从句(1) when .when 引导的时间状语从句，其动词既可以是延续性动作的动词，也可以是瞬间性动作的动词， 可以表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前。when you apply for a job, you must present your credentials. when 还可表示just then（正在那时）的意思，此时所引导的从句放在主句之后。we were about to start when it began to rain.(2) as 引导的时间状语从句as 侧重表示主句和从句的动作并相发生,翻译成一边，一边。we were having breakfast as she was combing her hair.(3) while“在期间”，所引导的从句的动作是延续性的，并表示和主句的动作同时发生。(4) before 引导 before“在之前” ill be back before you have left. before“之后才”it may be many years before we meet again.(5) as soon as/once/directly/the instant 等引导as soon as是最常见的表示“一就”的从属连词，其他连词还有immediately ， instantly ， the instant (that) ， the minute(that) ， the moment(that) 等，它们通常都可与as soon as换用。as soon as we got home, the telephone rang.i recognized her immediately i saw her.(6) hardly.when/no sooner.than 引导关联从属连词hardly/barely/scarcely.when 和 no sooner.than 的意思是“刚就”，它们所引导的从句中的谓语动词通常为过去完成时。如：he had no sooner (no sooner had he)arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.(7) since 引导在含有 since 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，从句的谓语动词通常为一般过去时，主句的谓语动词通常为现在完成时、过去完成时和一般现在时：weve never met since we graduated from the college.大学毕业后我们就再没见过面。;.(8) till/until引导till 和 until 同义，作“直到时( 为止)”解。donald will remain in college until(till) he finishes his ph.d course.2. 地点状语从句(1) where 引导“在（或到）的地方”where there is a will, there is a way.(2) wherever 引导wherever=no matter where, 后者只能放句首。whereever (no matter where) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed.3. 原因状语从句(1) because 引导通常用于回答why 引出的疑问句，从句一般位于主句后面。i didn t go abroad with her because i couldn t afford it.(2) as 引导从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since 换用。as i didn t know the way ， i asked a policeman.(3) since 引导从句多位于主句之前，可以和as 换用。since traveling by air is much faster,they decided to take a plane.(4) now(that) 引导的原因状语从句now(that) “ 既 然 ”， now(that) you have passed your test you can drive on your own.(5) seeing (that) 引导的原因状语从句seeing (that)“鉴于；由于” ，通常用于非正式文体。seeing (that) the weather is bad ，well stay at home.4. 目的状语从句(1) in order that 引导“为了；以便” 。多用于正式文体，可以与so that 换用。they stopped at hangzhou in order that they could go around west lake.(2) so (that) 引导 “为了； 以便”。so that 通常可以与in order that 换用，它所引导的目的状语从句总是放在主句之后，在非正式文体中，常省略that。如：speak clearly so that they may understand you.(3) in case/for fear (that) 等引导in case， for fear(that) 这俩个从属连词都表示否定目的，意思是“以免” ,“以防”。in case 它所引导的从句中的谓语动词可以是陈述语气形式，也可以是虚拟语气形式； for fear(that) 引导的从句中的谓语带有 may， might ，should 等情态动词take your umbrella in case it rains.he took an umbrella with him for fear that it might rain.5. 结果状语从句(1) so that 引导从句只能位于主句之后，so that 引导什么从句根据句意来判断suddenly it began to rain heavily, so that it was almost impossible to carry on driving.(2) so.that 引导“如此以致”， that 可以省略， so 后面接形容词或副词。she spoke so fast that nobody could catch what she was saying.(3) such.that 引导的结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的such.that 的具体内容是：such+a/an+形容词 +名词 +that 从句。such+a/an+形容词 +单数名词 +that=so+ 形容词 +a/an+ 单数名词 +that 从句。the professor told us such a funny story that all the students laughed =the professor told us so funny a story that all the students laughed.6. 条件状语从句(1) if 引导译成“如果”if i were a bird ,i would fly.(2) unless 引导否定条件状语从句，在意义上相当于if.not ，语气较强，一般不用虚拟语气。youll be late unless you hurry.(3) if only引导意为“只要；如果” 。i ll let you use the car if only you keep it in good condition.(4) as/so long as 引导意为“只要；如果” 。as long as it doesn t rain, we can play.(5) provided (that)/providing (that)引导意为“如果；只要” 。i will agree to go providing that my expense are paid.7. 让步状语从句(1) although/though 引导都作“虽然；尽管”解，通常可以换用，although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him.(2) even if/though 引导“即使，纵然” ，从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。even if i failed again, i will not give up the experiment.(4) while 引导意为“虽然，尽管” ，while i understand your point of view， i do not share it.(5) whatever/no matter what 引导作“无论什么”解，whatever/no matter what he says ， dont go.(6) whichever/no matter which引导作“无论哪个”解whichever/no matter which you buy， there is a six-month guarantee.(7) whoever/no matter who 引导作“无论谁”解you cant come in ， whoever you are.(8) however/no matter how 引导作“无论如何”解however high it may be ， it cant reach the sky.(9) whenever/no matter when 引导作“无论何时”解，whenever i m unhappy， he cheers me up.(10) as 引导作“虽然；尽管”和“即使”解,此时要用倒装句strong as you maybe, you cannot lift it.late as it was, they continued to study.8. 方式状语从句(1) as 引导意为“以方式；如同那样”，从句有时是省略句。air is to man as water is to fish.(2) as if/as though 引导作“好像，仿佛”解。从句往往用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。they looked at me as if /as though i were mad.9. 比较状语从句(1) as.as 引导表示同级比较，主句中用形容词或副词的原级形式，从句常常为省略句。we were as fortunate as them (they were)(2) not so/as.as 引导表示同级比较，意为“不如”thats not so/as simple as it sounds.基础训练1. it is 3 years mr. wallace bought this watch and it will be 3 years he buys another one.2. after the war, a new school building was built there used to be a theatre.3. guo jingming had to stand on the table he could be seen by his fans.4. his plan was a good one that we all agreed to accept it.5. you will succeed in the end you give up half way.6. tom comes from canada, he knows chinese manners very well.7. the teacher often joined student?s activities she were a student like us.8. when in rome, do the romans do.状语从句专项练习一、单选：()1. 14 ?安徽卷 the meaning of the word “nice”changed a few times it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”a beforeb afterc sinced while()2 14?北京卷 the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year.a asb whenc even thoughd in case()3. 14 ?湖南卷 you will never gain success you are fully devoted to your work.a. whenb. becausec. afterd. unless()414?江苏卷 lessons can be learned to face the future, history cannot be changed.a thoughb asc sinced unless()5. 14 ?江西卷 it was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.a. thatb. asc. whichd. when()6. 14 ?陕西卷 the young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left i could ask for their names.a. whileb. beforec. afterd. since()7. 14 ?四川卷 ill be out for some time. anything important happens, call me up immediately.a. in caseb. as ifc. even thoughd. now that()8. 14 ?天津卷 you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.a. unlessb. althoughc. befored. once()914?浙江卷 cathy had quit her job when her son was born she could stay home and raise her family.a now thatb as ifc only ifd so that()10. 14?重庆卷 half an hour later, lucy still couldnt get a taxi the bus had dropped her.a. untilb. whenc. althoughd. where()11. 07 浙江卷 many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, they knew it to be valuable.a. as ifb. now thatc. even thoughd. so that()12. 15浙江 a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.a. just asb. even thoughc. untild. unless()13. 15安徽 he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.a. whereb. asc. in cased. now that ()14. 08 全国卷 have you got any idea for the summer vacation? i don t mind where we get there s sun, sea and beach.a. as ifb. as long asc. now thatd. in order that二、改错：(1) in the last five years that they vcelimbed churches, high buildings and television towers.(2) charles said, “ as soon i see a really tall building, i want to climb it.(3) however, there are still some countries there people have shorter lives.(4) in other places you are limited