任务型阅读类型及举例分析.doc

任务型阅读该题型主要考查考生是否能够有效地运用语言“做事”的能力，体现了语言能力、智力能力和社会经验等方面能力的有机结合。任务型阅读理解题的解题的关键在于正确把握要求与符合要求的条件之间的一一对应关系。解题关键：第一步：认真阅读材料，了解话题或主题。第二步：仔细阅读题目，找出不同人物的不同要求，并在关键词下划线，以便有利于为后面的顺利解题创造良好的条件。题目类型：第一类：阅读短文回答问题；第二类：阅读短文填写单词；第三类：阅读短文进行信息归纳或整理；第四类：阅读短文按要求完成任务（复合型）第一类：阅读短文回答问题；Do you know the pretty girl? Her name is Tian Wei. She was born on April 5, 1986. She was from Beijing. She had two big eyes and short hair. She was good at Chinese. And she loved writing.She was unlucky. When she was in Grade 8, she was seriously ill. Her doctor said she would lose her life anytime. But she wasnt afraid of death. She kept on studying and writing. She died on August 13, 2007. She smiled till the end of her life.Tian Wei had a great dream. She hoped that people could read her book in the bookshops. In March, 2009, her only book Hua Tian Ban Mu came out. it had more than 5000 thousand words. In her book she said, Im always aching (疼痛). if possible, Ill let my right eye weep (哭泣) but the other one smile. 66. What did Tian Wei do well in? _.67. Did she love writing? _68. What happened to Tian Wei when she was in Grade 8? _69. When did the book Hua Tian Ban Mu come out? _70. How many words did the book Hua Tian Ban Mu have? _第二类：阅读短文填写单词；Youre standing with your classmates. E 66 is talking except you. Perhaps youre afraid they will laugh at when you say. Maybe you just arent b 67 enough to speak.Shyness is like a snake that crawls（爬进）into our mouth and s 68 us speaking. But we shouldnt let it stay there.I am 29 years old. Even today, that snake still sometimes v 69 me. When I was in high school, I was so shy that I wouldnt talk to anyone except my parents and best friends. If a stranger asked me the w 70 to a local shop, it was as if Id forgotten how to talk. One summer, I got a j 71 in a restaurant and that helped a lot. It meant I had to talk to customers（顾客）. I had to tell them how m 72 their meal cost. I had to ask them if they want to drink Coke or Sprite.This job taught me how to speak with people.You may be too young to find a part-time job. But you can look for other c 73 to speak with people. You can offer to help an old woman carry her heavy bag. O 74 you can go to get a newspaper for your family. If you do these things for a while, the shyness snake will soon begin to l 75 you alone. Itll look for another mouth to crawl into. 第三类：阅读短文进行信息归纳或整理；（后面详述）第四类：阅读短文按要求完成任务（复合型）例一：阅读下面的短文，按要求完成所给任务。 Reading is a very good hobby for all the students. You can know much about the world _ the help of all kinds of books. Im sure everyone has a favorite subject. For example, some are interested in animals, some in history, and some are interested in literature. Mine is science. I like _it_ because its fun and educational.My favorite novel is Around the World in Eighty Days.It was written by Jules Verne ,a French writer. Jules Verne was regarded as father of Modern Science Fiction because he devoted(奉献) himself to literature and wrote several wellknown scientific romances.The exciting story of Around the World in Eighty Days tells us about an English gentleman whose name is Mr. Phileas Fogg , He travels around the world in eighty days. From the story, we can see the writers love for the sea, traveling and adventure(冒险).In fact, they played an important role in his life.多亏了the writers imagination, language skills and scientific and geographical(地理的) knowledge, we can feel as if we were there when we read the story. 53.根据上下文写出处所缺的单词。 _54.写出处划线单词所指代的内容。 _ 55.将处改为主动语态。 Jules Verne, the French writer _ the novel Around the World in Eighty Days.56.写出处划线单词的同义词。 _57.将处划线汉语翻译成英语。 _ 例二：任务型阅读(本题有5小题。每小题1分，共5分) 任务A：请分别为下面四则谚语及图片找到相应的寓意，并把序号A、B、C、D填在答题卷相应的位置。71.Its never too late to learn.72.A crane standing amidst a flock of chickens. 73. The early bird catches the worm. 74. Play a harp before a cow. 75. A book holds a house of gold. A. This proverb means that you do something useless. B. This proverb means that someone is the best of all. C. This proverb means that if you study hard, you will succeed. D. This proverb means that therere many things to learn no matter how old you are. E. This proverb means that if you do something early or before others, you will have more chances and be successful. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 例三：任务型阅读（本题有小题，每小题分，共计分）运动前的热身活动有助于肌肉放松，也能避免受伤。请阅读题有关热身活动的文字，然后从、和中选择符合文字内容的图示，并将答案写在对应题号的横线上。71. Activity 1 Hold arms straight out to the siders Move your arms in circles. Come back to the starting position and move your arms in the other direction.72. Activity 2 Raise one foot backward, and hold it with one hand. Breathe and slowly pull your foot to your hip(屁股). Try to keep both knees together. 73. Activity 3 Stand with some space in front of and behind you. Move the top of your body downward. Keep your back straight and reach for your feet with both hands. Hold this for about half a minute.74. Activity 4 Take one step forward with your right foot. Put your hands on the right knee and press(压). Do the acton in the same way with your left foot.75. Activity 5 Stand with feet shoulder-width apart(两脚与肩同宽). Raise both arms overhead. Hold for about half a minute and relax. A B C D E第三类：阅读短文进行信息归纳或整理；一 信息查找题(searching)Find answers （directly）二 信息转换题(transition)Change forms（indirectly）三 信息归纳题(summary)Sum up（indirectly）一 信息查找题(searching)1.解题关键: 根据问题查找定位信息。2.常用方法: 带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。例1：In the past, man didnt have to think about the protection of his environment. There were not many people on earth, and natural resources(资源) seemed to be unlimited (无限的).But things are different today. The world has become too crowded, and were using up our natural resources too quickly ,and at the same time environment around us is becoming worse and worse.Problems The world is becoming too _The _ around us is worse and worse.二 信息转换题(transition)1.解题关键: 根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。2.常见的转换方式：(1).词性转换；(2).句子结构转换；(3).同义词和反义词转换；(4).前缀和后缀转换；(5).另选其它词来释义例1：_DisadvantagesThe city is surrounded by beautiful mountainsThe air in the city center is being polluted例2：An e-book is a book you can read on the Internet. People often read them in their spare time, the popularity(普及) of the e-books is growing.Title A guide to e-book writing Information about e-books You can read them _They become more and more _ 例3：Yuan Longping , “Father ” of hybrid rice, has a childhood dream.He wished to grow a new type of rice .Since the 1960s,he has devoted himself to the development of new varieties(品种).He worked so hard that he succeeded in the development of hybrid rice in 1973. Yuan Longping -“Father ” of hybrid rice(杂交水稻)Since the 1960sHe has devoted himself to _ new varietiesIn 1973It was _ of him to succeed in the development of new rice 三 信息归纳题(summary)1.解题关键：根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。2.归纳词的特征：概括性（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息)；针对性（量体裁衣，大小适度)；醒目性（简洁）例1：Statistics (统计) about school kids not having breakfastReasons_SuggestionsThey stay up late at night to study and want to stay in bed for a few more minutes.They cant listen carefully in class.They feel sleepy all day.The morning meal is necessary ,for it provides much energy.例2：_: A trip to BeijingPlace of _ in Beijing, the capitalThe Forbidden CityTiananmen SquareThe Summer PalaceThe Great Wall3.常见概括性词：话题：topic subject / title原因：reason (s) cause(s)结果：result effect目的：aim purpose 方法：way(s) solution(s)观点：Idea(s) opinion(s) thoughts优劣：advantages disadvantages结论：conclusion建议：advice suggestion(s)实战演练：阅读下列短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。（每空一词）In the coming summer holidays，you will probably visit the Shanghai Expo. Before you head off to the Expo, please read the following tips so that you behave properly and show off Chinas best face to visitors from other countries.When waiting in a lineWait patiently instead of cutting to the front of the line. If you have to leave your spot in line and want to come back , tell the people standing in front of and behind you .Ask them to kindly hold your spot ,and thank them when you return .When touring the ExpoDont touch or climb on exhibits . Visitors are allowed to take pictures and videos around the Expo, but when cameras are not welcome, dont turn yours on . If souvenirs are handed out , dont push and scream .Be polite and wait your turn .When attending showsIf you are late ,wait until the break to enter .It will disturb other audience if you walk in late.Its very impolite to leave in the middle of a musical or stage play .If an early exit is necessary , you can leave after a scene is over.Keep quiet during a performance .Before the performance starts ,either turn off your mobile phone or set it to silent mode. Never answer your phone while a performance is going on .After an excellent performance, clap your hands warmly .Dont laugh at the performers when they make mistakes. When having mealsDont talk loudly at meals. With many hungry visitors waiting , dont stay too long at your table after you have finished .Politely move on to another place. Title ：Showing off Chinas best face OccasionsDontsDosWaiting in aline Dont 56 to the front of the line. Wait patiently. Thank those for holding your spot after you are 57 .Touringthe Expo Dont touch or climb on exhibits. Dont use your cameras when they are 58 . Dont push and scream for 59 souvenirs .Be polite and wait your turn. 60 shows Dont walk in late. Dont leave in the middle of a musical or stage play . Never answer your phone 61 a performance . Dont laugh at the performers 62 . Enter during the 63 , if you are late. Wait until a scene is over ,if you make an early exit. Turn off your mobile phone or set it to silent mode . Clap your hands 64 .Having meals Dont talk loudly at meals. Dont stay too long at your table after meals. Politely move on to anotherplace. Purpose :To remind people to behave properly before 65 visitors at the Expo阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息，每空一词。We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waster every day and it does harm to our environment. Though we are young, we can still do something to help. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. Here are some ideas for you to live a green life.Remember these three words; reduce, reuse and recycle.Reduce means “ use less”. Dont waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution and waste going into the environment. Before we buy something new, think if it is really necessary or maybe the old one will be just as good! When we do buy thing, choose local products if possible, and try not to buy too many things from abroad.Reuse mean “ use again”. Use things for as long as possible. When