the-great-gatsby.ppt

TheGreatGatsbybyF ScottFitzgerald Content PositionandcommentsAmericanDreamMoviesofdifferentversionsAbriefsummaryofthestoryAnalysisofMaincharactersStructureandartfiguresThemesSymbolsConclusion PositionandComments TheGreatGatsbyisa1925novelwrittenbyAmericanauthorF ScottFitzgerald ConsideredtobeFitzgerald smagnumopus 代表作 TheGreatGatsbyexploresthemesofdecadence idealism resistancetochange socialupheaval andexcess creatingaportraitoftheJazzAgeortheRoaringTwentiesthathasbeendescribedasacautionarytale 警世故事 regardingtheAmericanDream Today TheGreatGatsbyiswidelyconsideredtobealiteraryclassicand GreatAmericanNovel ThebookisconsistentlyrankedamongthegreatestworksofAmericanliterature TheGreatGatsbyisthefirststepthatAmericanfictionhastakensinceHenryJames T S Eliot MoviesofDifferentVersions TheGreatGatsby in1926 byHerbertBrenon asilentmovieofastageadaptation starringWarnerBaxter LoisWilson andWilliamPowell Itisafamousexampleofalostfilm TheGreatGatsby in1949 byElliottNugent starringAlanLadd BettyField andShelleyWinters forcopyrightreasonsthisfilmisnotreadilyavailable TheGreatGatsby in1974 byJackClayton starringSamWaterston MiaFarrow andRobertRedford withascriptbyFrancisFordCoppola TheGreatGatsby in2000 byRobertMarkowitz amade for TVmoviestarringTobyStephens PaulRudd andMiraSorvino TheGreatGatsby in2013 byBazLuhrmann starringLeonardoDiCaprio TobeyMaguire CareyMulligan andJoelEdgerton AmericanDream TheideaoftheAmericanDreamisrootedintheUnitedStatesDeclarationofIndependencewhichproclaimsthat allmenarecreatedequal andthattheyare endowedbytheirCreatorwithcertaininalienableRights including Life LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness TheAmericanDreamisanationalethosoftheUnitedStates asetofidealsinwhichfreedomincludestheopportunityforprosperityandsuccess andanupwardsocialmobility 社会迁移 achievedthroughhardwork OfcoursethemeaningofAmericanDreamhaschangesoverhistory TheethostodayimpliesanopportunityforAmericanstoachieveprosperitythroughhardwork ABriefSummaryoftheStory AnalysisofMainCharacters JayGatsby handsome impressive good mannered innocent hopeful passionate hard working active loyal sober blind NickCarraway quiet reflective tolerant open minded moral kind hearted DaisyBuchanan beautiful charming fickle bored selfishandsardonic indifferent disloyal shallow TomBuchanan arrogant hypocritical immoral greednarrow minded cool disloyal rude bad tempered shallow JordanBaker beautiful cynical boyish self centered dishonest StructureandArtFigures Thefirst personnarrativemodalmakesthissimple plotstoryvividandmeaningful NickCarrawayisnotonlythenarratorofthestorybutalsoanimportantcharacterinthestorywhichshortensthedistancebetweennarratorandstory andmoreover ithasdistinctiveadvantagesofinformationcontrolandfeelingadjusting Thisisanautobiographicnovel inwhichthewritercommentsandcriticizesintheidentityofNick Nickisthebridgebetweenthewriterandthenovel alsothewriterandreaders Flashbackisadoptedatthebeginning ByminglingthememoryandrealityofNick itisnotdifficulttofindoutthatNickishalfinthestoryandhalfoutofthestory whichreflectsthesamesituationofFitzgeraldwhowasappealedbythelifeofupperclass anddrunkintherottensocietybutsoberinhisspirit StructureandArtFigures Thesentencesinthenovelareplainandconciseincontentbutprofoundinmeaning TheapplicationofsymbolisminTheGreatGatsbyconnectstheobjectiveandthesubjectiveinwritingtechniqueandinthoughtsurpassingthenarrowindividualworld FitzgeralddepictsthedeteriorationofAmericanDreamthroughhispersonalexperience StructureandArtFigures Sowebeaton boatsagainstthecurrent bornebackceaselesslyintothepast 于是我们奋力向前划 逆流向上的小舟 不停地倒退 进入过去 Thereareonlythepursued thepursuing thebusyandthetired 世界上只有被追求者和追求者 忙碌者和疲惫者 Shevanishedintoherrichhouse intoherrich fulllife leavingGatsby nothing 她消逝在了她那奢华的房子里 消逝在了她那富裕充实的生活之中 留给盖茨比的 只是无有 Themes 1 TheDeclineoftheAmericanDreaminthe1920s TheDeformedSpiritualDependence TheLossoftheMoralValues 2 TheHollownessoftheUpperClass Themes ThespiritualdependenceofAmericanwasdeformedbymaterialismatthattime orwecanevensaythattheirspiritualworldwasempty Ontheonehand whenWW endedin1918 thegenerationofyoungAmericanswhohadfoughtthewarbecameintenselydisillusioned 幻想破灭 1 1TheDeformedSpiritualDependence Ontheotherhand theriseofthestockmarketintheaftermathofthewarledtoasudden sustainedincreaseinthenationalwealthandanewfoundmaterialism Peopleindulgedintherichmaterialworld spentandconsumedatunprecedentedlevelstomakeuptheemptyofthespirit Eventuallymoneyandpleasureblindedpeople smindandwasmistakenastherealAmericanDream AmericandreamwasdecayedinthesocalledJazzAge whichwasevidencedbytheultraluxuriouspartiesheldbyGatsbyandtherottenlifetheupperclasslivedasFitzgeralddepictedinthenovel 1 1TheDeformedSpiritualDependence Themes Theprohibitioncausedamassivedemandforbootlegliquor 走私酒 amongrichandpooralike whichcausedalargeamountofovernightmillionaires thenewrichincludingGatsby Gatsby sfortunesymbolizetheriseoforganizedcrimeandbootlegging Peopletriedtheirbesttoearnmoney butignorethemorality Thedisloyalty snobbishattitude andindifferencedecayedthemoralworld Themes 1 2TheLossoftheMoralValues Themes 2 TheHollownessoftheUpperClass Fitzgeraldportraysthenewlyrichasbeingvulgar gaudy 华而不实的 ostentatious 铺张的 andlackinginsocialgracesandtastelikeGatsby Theybelievedthatmoneyistheonlydifferencebetweenthemandtheoldrich Buttheywerestilldespisedbytheoldaristocracy Incontrast theoldaristocracypossessedgrace taste subtlety andelegance Whattheoldaristocracypossessedintaste however itseemedtolackinheartasNicksaidattheendofthenovel P162 Theylivedaultraluxuriouslifetomakeupthehollowspiritualworld Symbols TheeasteggwhereTomandDaisylivesymbolizestheoldaristocracy ThewesteggwhereGatsbyandNicklivesymbolizesthenewlyrich TheValleyofAsheswhereMyrtleandhishusbandWilsonlive thevalleyofashesbetweenWestEggandNewYorkCityconsistsofalongstretchofdesolatelandcreatedbythedumpingofindustrialashes Itrepresentsthemoralandsocialdecaythatresultsfromtheuninhibitedpursuitofwealth astherichindulgethemselveswithregardfornothingbuttheirownpleasure Thevalleyofashesalsosymbolizestheplightofthepoor likeGeorgeWilson wholiveamongthedirtyashesandlosetheirvitalityasaresult Symbols TheGreenLightsituatedattheendofDaisy sEastEggdockandbarelyvisiblefromGatsby sWestEgglawn thegreenlightrepresentsGatsby shopesanddreamsforthefuture GatsbyassociatesitwithDaisy andinChapterIhereachestowarditinthedarknessasaguidinglighttoleadhimtohisgoal BecauseGatsby squestforDaisyisbroadlyassociatedwiththeAmericandream thegreenlightalsosymbolizesthatmoregeneralizedideal InChapterIX NickcomparesthegreenlighttohowAmerica risingoutoftheocean musthavelookedtoearlysettlersofthenewnation Symbols TheeyesofDoctorT J Eckleburgareapairoffading bespectacledeyespain