英语同步练习题考试题试卷教案牛津版中考英语形容词与副词练习.doc

形容词和副词形容词及其用法 :形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面 1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。 2. 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。例如：ill (he man is ill)。 这类词还有： well，unwell，ill，faint，afraid，alike，alive，alone，asleep，awake 等。 3. 形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：something nice 以-ly结尾的形容词 1. 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。 例如：Her singing was lovely. 2. 有些以-ly 结尾既为 形容词，也为副词。 例如：daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，early (The Times is a daily paper.) 用形容词表示类别和整体 1. 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人，与谓语动词的复数连接。如：the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind，the hungry (The poor are losing hope. ) 2. 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体，与动词的复数连用。例如：the British，the English，the French，the Chinese. (The English have wonderful sense of humor. ) 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为： 限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) -出处-材料性质，类别-名词 例如： a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car 在不能确定时，可参照下表： 限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词 those + three + beautiful + large + square + old + brown + wood + table 形容词须注意的问题 1. 只能用作定语，不能用作表语的形容词：little，wooden，golden，many，elder 2.只能用作表语,不能用作定语的形容词:well，ill，alone, content，unable，worth，afraid，alive, asleep, ashamed, awake, aware. an ill boy, an alone village 就是错的短语, an ill idea 坏点子ill当定语时是转义了, 不是有病的了。 3. 表示倍数常用的句型:He is as tall a boy as I. He is a head taller than I . He is two years older than IChina is four times as large as Europe.I am twice as old as you I am twice older than you. I am twice the age of you.My books are twice as many as yours . China is four times larger than Europe.China is four times the size of Europe.I pay twice as much as it was worth. I pay twice as much for the house. 4. 与动词有区别,表示延续状态的形容词:open,dead, still静,一动也不动,常修饰动词sit ,stand The door is open/closed.不要选opened或close.有特殊意义的形容词有: closed关,close形容词是近,不是关了 near ,nearly ,hard ,hardly ,most ,mostly大多数 5. very修饰原级形容词副词，修饰ing，放在名词前表示强调。 6. much 修饰动词，修饰比较级最高级，修饰过去分词 。 7. -ly结尾一般是副词，但有些ly结尾是形容词的：lonely，friendly，They talk in a friendly way.lovely，ugly，silly，likely，deadly， 8. 在be，seem，及物当主语的look，taste。smell，feel，sound，appear等动词后用形容词，I looked at the flower. The flower looks beautiful. He appeared (出现)suddenly. He appeared(显得) happy. 9. 表示主语长期的静止状态,不强调动作的sit,stand,lie 接形容词quiet, silent, still, red, peaceful等The valley lay quiet and peaceful She sat silent. They stood still. 10. become,fall ,get,go,turn表示变得时后跟形容词. The leaves fell/got/went/turned yellow. It fell/got/went/turned cold. 11. present表示出席的,到场的的时候常放在名词后,the members present表示现在的则放在名词前the present members 12. live有时可用做形容词: a live fish 活鱼(形容动物，不形容人 ) The broadcast comes to you live from Canada 实况转播 That wire is live 电线是带电的 lively 生动的，活泼的。His class is often lively. 13. the +adj表示一类人,是复数The rich should help the poor. the blind/wounded/young/old 14. 多个形容词作定语时的位置: 排列顺序大致为:all/quite/such/rather限定词(包括冠词、物主代词、指示代词、数词、不定代词等) + 描绘形容词(短词在前,长词在后)+ 特征形容词(包括大小、形状、新旧、年龄等)+ 颜色形容词 + 类属形容词(包括专有形容词和材料质地形容词) + 名词性定语(包括动名词)+ 名词。 It is such a charming little short old round yellow 副词及其基本用法 :副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。 1. 副词的位置： a.在动词之前。b在be动词、助动词之后。c.多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 注意：a.大多数方式副词位于句尾但宾语过长副词可以提前以使句子平衡.You could see very clearly a light ahead of you. b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。 Mary speaks English well because she is a Canadian. 2. 副词的排列顺序： a. 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。 b. 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. c. 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。 注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。 改错：(错)I very like English. (对)I like English very much. 注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。 I dont know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat. There is food enough for everyone to eat. 3. 兼有两种形式的副词 a. close与closely close意思是近； closely 意思是仔细地 He is sitting close to me. W atch him closely. b. late 与lately late意思是晚； lately 意思是最近 You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? c. deep与deeply deep意思是深表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，深深地 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the movie. d. high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. e. wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是广泛地，在许多地方 He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. f. free与freely free的意思是免费；freely 的意思是无限制地 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. 4. 形容词与副词的比较级 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。a. 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法 原级 比较级 最高级一般单音节词 tall(高的) taller tallest未尾加-er,-est great(巨大的) greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾 nice(好的) nicer nicest的单音词和少数 large(大的) larger largest以- le结尾的双 able（有能力的) abler ablest音节词只加-r,-st以一个辅音字母 big(大的) bigger biggest结尾的闭音节单 hot热的) hotter hottest音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-est 以辅音字母+y easy(容易的) easier easiest结尾的双音节词， busy(忙的) busier busiest改y为i，再加 -er，-est 少数以-er，-ow clever(聪明的) cleverer cleverest结尾的双音节词 narrow(窄的) narrower narrowest未尾加-er，-est 其他双音节词和 important(重要的) more important most important多音节词，在前面加more，most 来构成比较级和 easily(容易地) more easily most easily最高级b. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级good(好的)/ better bestwell(健康的) bad (坏的)/ worse worstill(有病的)old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more mostlittle(少的) less leastfar (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 5. As + 形容词或副词原级 + asa. 在否定句或疑问句中可用so as。 He cannot run so/as fast as you.b. 当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。as +形容词+ a +单数名词 as + many/much +名词This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.c. 用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine.d. 倍数+ as + adj. + as 倍数+ then + ofThis bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine.6. 比较级形容词或副词 + thanYou are taller than I. They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.注意： a. 要避免重复使用比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is clever than his brother.b. 要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is larger that any country in Asia. (对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.c. 要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.d. 要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名 词。 比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.7. 可修饰比较级的词. a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等b. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。c. 以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。8. Many, old 和 fara. 如果后接名词时， much more +不可数名词; many more +可数名词复数.b. old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 My elder brother is an engineer. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.c. far有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离，在美语中，father 表示距离，further表示进一步。I have nothing further to say.9. The + 最高级 + 比较范围a. The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。It is a most important issue. =It is a very important issue.注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。 (错)Mary is the tallest of his four sisters. (对)Mary is the tallest of the four sisters.b. 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almost This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意：a). very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best.b). 序数词通常只修饰最高级。 Africa is the second largest con tinent.c. 句型转换： Jack is the most smart in his class. Jack is more smart than any other students in his class.d. 否定词语+比较级，否定词语+ so as结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.10. 和more有关的词组a. the more the more越就越The harder he works，the greater progress hell make.b. more B than A与其说A不如说B less A than B Tom is more lazy than slow at his work.= Tom is less slow than lazy at his work.c. no more than 与一样，不比多 The officials could see no more than the Emperor. no less than与一样 She is no less diligent than you.d. more than不只是，非常 Mary is more than kind to us all.在中考单项选择中形容词也占一定比例，一般考查有关形容词或副词的一些搭配，但绝大部分考查形容词与副词的比较级和最高级。1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1) 一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small - smaller - smallest2) 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 r或 st，如:large - largest - largest3) 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加 er或-est. 如:busy-busier-busiest happy-happier-happiest但一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：slowly - more slowly - most slowly difficult-more difficult-most difficult beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful但还有一些不规则的变化：good / well-better-best many-more-most bad / ill / badly -worse-worstlittle-less-least far - farther / further - farther / furthest1. 形容词和副词的等比句型1) asas 和一样 Im as tall as you. 2) not as(so)as 不和 一样（在否定句中常用so 来代替as）如: I cant run so fast as you. 另外asas possible 为固定结构，如，as soon as possible, as quickly as possible 等。在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级。3. 形容词和副词的其它句型还有：1) 形容词/ 副词 比较级 + than 句型 ，在than 后面的人称代词 用主语和宾语均可。He is older than I / me. 但是如果人称代词后有动词时，则只能用主格形式。如: Tom found more red leaves than I did. 2) “the + 比较级， the + 比较级” 结构表示两个变化一起发生。如:The more you learn, the more youll know. 3) more and more”结构（指两个形容词比较级用and 连接）表示持续不断的变化。如： Im getting thinner and thinner.4. 修饰形容词和副词的比较级的副词要用much, a lot, a little, a bit, far等，very不能和比较级连用。如：The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive. 昨天我买的衬衣比较便宜。To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy. 打篮球对于男孩子来说要有趣得多。5. 形容词的一些搭配，如：be glad / happy/ pleased to do 很高兴做某事be sorry to do 很抱歉，很遗憾做某事be sure to do 一定/相信会做某事be ready to do 准备好做某事，乐于做某事get ready to do 为做好准备 等等。形容词1（）1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as（）2 When we speak to people, we should be.A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly（）3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive（）4 I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting（）5 His father began to work_ he was seven years old. A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while2（）1. I think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2 This pencil is_ than that one.A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long( ) 3 My mother is no _ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few( ) 4 These children are _ this year than they were last year.A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today.A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot6. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better.A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse3( ) 1 When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students.A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite2 The house is small for a family of six.A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so3 Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings.A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall4 -Whats your brother like?-He is_.A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school5 The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. ,A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl6 Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much4( ) 1 The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big( ) 2 Your room is mine.A. twice as large than B. twice the size ofC. bigger twice than D. as twice large as( ) 3 Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times( ) 4 His father is_than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years5( ) 1 Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject( ) 2 China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country( ) 3 Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy6( ) 1 When spring comes, it gets_A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter( ) 2 By and by, _ students in our class came to like English. A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least（ )3 At last he began to cry _A.hard and hardB.more hard and more hardC. harder and harderD. less hard and less harder（ ) 4 When spring comes the days get _and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer7（）1_ I look at the picture, _ I like it.A. The best; the more B. The more; the lessC. The more; less D. More; the more（）2 _ he read the book, _ he got in it. A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested（） 3 _ you come back, _ it will be.A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better8（）1 I like_ one of the two books.A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older( )2 Which is_country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest( ) 3 Of the two cups, he bought .A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller9( ) 1 Which do you like _, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most( ) 2 This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficultC. much difficult D. more difficult( ) 3 Which do you think tastes _, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. well( ) 4 The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was onceA. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high( ) 5 Dont you think it _ not to write the letter?A. well , B. better C. best D. good10( ) 1 Who jumped_of all?A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the most far( ) 2 Li Lei is_ student in our class.A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest( ) 3 The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest( )4 Who is-of you three?A. the oldest B. much older C. oldest D. older11( ) 1 Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall( ) 2 English is one of_ spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language( ) 3 Beijing is one of_ in China.A. the largest city r ; B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities12（）1. Most of the woods _ been taken good care of.A. are B. is C. has D. have（）2 _ like playing football and watching TV. A. Most boys B. Most of they C. Most boy D. More of they（）3 _ are here watering the flowers here. A. Some B. Some of the boys C. Some boy D. Some of boys（）4 _ havent been to American. A. Most them B. Most they C. More of them D. Most of them13（）1 _ is more beautiful than roses.A. No other flower B. No another flowerC. Not other flower D. Not all flowers（）2 The tree is _ in the garden.A. the taller B. the tallestC. taller than of-all D. tall.（）3 Mary studies harder in her class.A. as any one B. than any other girl C. than the other D. than anyone14（）1 Which is_, Li Lei or Wu Tong?A. strong B. strongest C. stronger D. the strongest（）2 Which language is_, English, French or Japanese? A. easy B. the most easy C. the easiest o D. much more easy（）3 Which is_interesting, science, maths or English?A. more B. the most C. very D. too（）4 Which city is_,Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. much more beautiful D. the most beautiful（）5 Which month is_, June, July or August?A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest15（）1 Do you have _ to tell us?A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything（）2 Mike, I have_to tell youA. important something B. important anything C. something important , D. anything important（）3 There is _ in todays newspaper.A. interesting something B. nothing interesting C. interesting anything D. anything interesting（）4 -Is Mrs Brown badly ill?-No, _. Only a little cold.A. quite well B. nothing serious C. not worry D. anything serious（) 5 Come here, I have_ to tell you.A. interesting something B. anything interesting C. nothing interesting D. something interesting16( ) 1. Im not _ to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough( ) 2 The girl works hard _ to pass the exam.A. enough B. too C. still D. yet( ) 3 He has_ to think it over. . A. many time B.