英语缩读连读略读方法.doc

缩读standardCommoncontractionexamplenoteandnDo you know Nancy n Davidare :My classmates : on vacationAre you jeje going to school?Where je going?Are you is contracted only when followed by one or more words. Therefore ,it would be incorrect to contract. How are you? To how je unless it was followed by one or more words such as: how je going?becausecause k: zI dont like her cause she is too proud.只在口语中用canknI kn be there in an hour.Come k mk m over to our house around 10:00 .This contraction does not apply if come falls at the end of the sentence.Could have Could not have k u d k u d n You k u d hurt yourself!He k u d n done it .This also applies to the following :Should have = udShouldnt have= udnWould have= wudWouldnt have= wudnDid you did or deije (ei轻轻带过)How did do it ?How deije do it?When followed by a word beginning with the letter “e” or “a”， deije is commonly contracted to dj : did you eat yet = dj eat yet ?Does she d id i speak english?Dont know dnnuI dnnu where you live.forf:Or fHe works f: his father.This also apllies to the following: forgive=fgiveForget=fgetGive me gimigimi that .Going to gnn (when followed by a consonant)gnn (when followed by a vowel)Im gnn give hin a present.Im gnn invite her to the party .(都读作gnn也可以)When followed by a vowel , going to is commonly contracted to gnn, although gnn is also acceptable.Good byegubaiOr baiIll talk to you tomorrow, gubai !This also applies to the following : goodnight= g u n ai tGot togt (when followed by a consonant)gt (when followed by a vowel)Im gt give hin a present.Im gt invite her to the party .(都读作gt也可以When followed by a vowel,got to is commonly contracted to gt, although gt is also acceptable.Had betterbetter betOr dbetter dbetYou better start off right now.Have to hftI hft go home immediately.Also: he hst / heddHas to?Had to?hei:(h被击穿不发音)Who is i: ?This does not apply if he begins a sentence .He/she Has have hadHe/she z v d(h被击穿不发音)He z a house at the beach.her:This is : book .This does not apply if her begins a sentence .himimI like im very much . hisi zWhat is i z name?This does not apply if his begins a sentence .How did you How did or How deije (ei轻轻带过)How do youHow deije (ei轻轻带过)How deije do it?When pronounced as two syllables , how deije,the tense changes from to past .Although subtle, this difference is easily detected by any native-born American.How deij do it?=how did you do it?How deije do it?=How do you do it?how does How zHow z she feel today?In front of In f rnnHe parked In f rnn the garden .-ing-inIm goin(going) to the store.Is that i z tizt your new car?Also: zt your new car Of Hes sort strange.Its made gold.oldul (d失去爆破)Theres the ul house.Or Do you like icecream candy.As you may have noticed is a contraction not only of but of or as well.The connotation depends on the context.I kn invite Bob Tom=I can invite Bob or Tom.Bob n Tom invited=Bob and Tom are invited.Out of audGet aud the class at bablypr bliHell pr bli come for dinner.somesmI want sm apples.sure, I like chocolate!A common expression indicating agreement is For sure!Pronounced Fer !themm / mI likem / I like m. 1. this applies to any word that To tI dont know what t do now.1. this applies to any word that begins with the combination (to) and whose accent does not fall on the first syllable: today / tomorrow / tobacco etc.2.when preceded by a word which ends with an u sound, to is commonly pronounced d:I dont know where d go now.Want to wnn(when followed by a consonant or a vowel.wnn (when followed by a vowel)I wnn go outside.I wnn eat something.I wnn avoid the subject.wnn may be used either before a consonant or a vowel, whereas wnn may only be used before a vowel. It would sound strange to the ear to use wnn before a consonant such as : wnn go.What wudwud if we went to the movies.what is pronounce wd only when followed by a vowel.What are youwtiOrwtWhat wti /wt doin(doing缩)?This contraction can only occur if it is followed immediately by one or more words. It cannot stand alone:what are you? Crazy? It would be incorrect to say: wt? Crazy?What did youwudid or wudeije (ei轻轻带过)wudid / wudeijeBuy?What do youwudeije (ei轻轻带过wudeije doing?What doeswuzwuz her do for a living?Although a common colloquial contraction for “what does”, wts is traditionally a contracion for “what is”.What is the wtswts a matter?仅限于这种用法Would not havewudnaI wudna done that if I were you. You jeje(common pronunciation when preceded by the letter “d”)j(c