主谓一致1.doc

南宁市中考主谓一致考题归纳(教用)一、主谓一致三原则1.语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用 数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用 数形式。例如：Tom（be）agoodstudent.汤姆是个好学生。 Theyoften (play) footballontheplayground.2.意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用 数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用 数形式。例如：Myfamily(be)havinglunchnow. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twentydollars(be) tooexpensiveforthebook. 这本书20美元太贵了。3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最 他的主语。例 Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudents(like) playingfootball.There (be) apenandsomebooksonthedesk. 二、【考点聚焦】主谓一致是初中阶段的重要语法项目之一，从近年来中考的试题来看，对主谓一致的考查主要集中在以下内容：1.单数名词(代词)，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用 数形式，复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用 数形式。例如：Thedesk(be) Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的。 Somewater(be)inthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。 Thestudents(be)playingfootballontheplayground.2.manya+单数名词作主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用 数形式。例如：Manyastudent(have) beentoShanghai.3.morethanone+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。例如Morethanonestudent(have)everbeentoBeijing.4.表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：Twomonths (be) alongholiday. 两个月是一个长假。Tweneypounds (be not )soheavy. 20英镑并不太重。Tenmiles (be not )alongdistance. 10英里并不是一段很长的距离。Fiveminusfour (be) one. 5减4等于1。5.主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Eachboyandeachgirl(have) gotaseat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Everymanandeverywoman (be) atwork. 每个男人和女人都在工作。6.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Oneandahalfhours (be) enough. 一个半小时足够了。7.动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Tosee (be) tobelieve 眼见为实。Doingeyeexercises (be) goodforyoureyes.8.a/an+单数名词+ortwo作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：Astudentortwo(have) failedtheexam. 一两个学生考试不及格。9.当主语部分含有with，togetherwith，alongwith，aswellas，besides，except，but， like等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如： Mikewithhisfather(have) beentoEngland. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。 Mike,likehisbrother (enjoy) playingfootball迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。10.由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。这两种情况区分如下：a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。例如：Thewriterandteacher (be) coming.那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) Thewriterandtheteacher (be) coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)11.people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如：Peoplehere (be) veryfriendly.这儿的人很友好。 Hisfamily (be not )large.他家的人不多。 Myfamilyall (like) watchingTV.我们一家人都喜欢看电视。12.不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone ,everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如： (be) Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗？ Something (be) wrong with him. 他有毛病。 13.each,either,neither,another,theother作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：Eachofthem(have) anEnglishdictionary.他们每人都有一本英语词典。Neitheranswer (be) correct. 两个答案都不正确。14.以s结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news,maths,physics等，例如Nonews (be)isgoodnews.Maths (be)verypopularinourclass15.由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；or,eitheror，neithernor,notonlybutalso,notbut,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。例如：Bothhisfatherandhismother (be)bothteachers.TomorJack (be)wrong.16.anumberof+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数；thenumberof+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：Anumberoffamouspeople (be)invitedtoparty.许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。Thenumberofthestudents (be)isovereighthoundred.17.当kindof,pairof,glassof等表示确定数量的名词短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。例如：Thispairofshoes (be)Toms.There (be)twoglassesofwatheronthetable.18.the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式 Thepoor (be)veryhappy,butthericharesad.穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐 Thebeautiful (live)forever.美是永存的。19.以here，there开关的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词通常与临近的主语一致。例如：Thereisabookandthreepensonthedesk. Herearesomebooksandpaperforyou.三、主谓一致和倒装句经典练习题1.EitherJaneorSteven_watchTVnow. A.were B.is C.was D.are2.Twodays_enoughformetofinishthework,Ineedathirdday.A.isnt B.is C.aret D.are3.We have sixlessonsaday.Andeachofthem _45minutes.A.last B.lasts C.have D.are4. here _ many new words in lesson one, It is very easy. A.is B.arent C.isnt D.are 5.Tom with other boys _ to go and _a game.A want ; watch B wants ; watches C wants ; watch D want ; to watch 6.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.are B.is C.were D.was7.Thatplaceisnotinterestingatall,_ofuswantstogothere.A.Neither B.Both C.All D.Some8.NobodybutJane_thesecret. A.know B.knows C.haveknow D.is9.BothLilyandLucy_tothepartyyesterday.A.invited B.wasinvited C.hadinvited D.wereinvited10.I liked to play basketball when I was young._A .So he was B. So was he C .So did he D .So he did11. _ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _ teachers.A. A number of ; women B. A number of ; woman C. The number of ; women D. The number of ; woman 12. -I will never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!- _.A. Nor am I B. Neither will I C. Same with me D. So do I 13. This pair of shoes _ nice on you . A. look B. looks C. is look D. looking 14. The people in Shenyang _ very friendly. A .am B .is C. are D. be 15. Five minus four _ one. A.are B .be C. is D. am 16. Mike , like his brother, _playing footall. A is enjoying B enjoy D enjoys 17. Bread and butter _ their daily food. A is B are C be D am 18. Much of what you said _ true. A is B am C are D be 19. Have you got some water to drink? Here you are. There _still some in the bottle.A are B were C is D was 20. The whole family _ enjoying the beautiful music now.A is all B all is C all are D are all 21. The population of the world _ still_ now.A has; grown B will ; grow C is ; growing D is ; grown22. The doctor and the writer _ from AmericaAis Bare Cam Dwere23. Reading in the sun _ bad for your eyesAare Bwas Cis Dare24. The shoes _ mine，This pair of shoes _ my brothers. Aare，is Bis，are Care，are Dare，am25. The police _ looking for the lost boy Ais Bare Cbe Dwill be26. Someone _ knocking at the door now Ais Bare Cwas Dwere27. A