初中英语人教版七年级下册There be 句式复习教案.docx

There be 句型 复习教案 王 佳一、考点热点回顾(一)：there be 句型基本认识1、 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2、结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.注意事项： there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如： There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。 There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。 There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。(二)：there be 句型的常考点考点一：各种句型转化。1：变成否定There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如： There are some pictures on the wall. There arent any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall. There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.2：变成一般疑问句There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? 3：特殊疑问句对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what 引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：则用where 引导。如：There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？考点二：there be 句型的时态。be可以有现在时（there is/are）、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been)；还可用there must be ,there cant be, there used to be等。 如： -There _ a concert this evening.-Yeah. Exciting news! A. are going to be B. is going to be C. is going to have D. will have考点三：there be 句型反意疑问句的构成：be (not) there? 如：There is some milk in the bottle, _ ? Aisnt there Barent there Cisnt it Dare there 考点四：there be 句型的主谓一致：There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致,遵循就近原则。如：1.There _ any rice in the bowl. A. are B. is C. isnt D. arent 2.There _ many apples on the tree last year. A. have been B. were C. are D. is 考点五：there be 句型用的其他动词：there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be ,等。如：There _ a knife and a fork on the table. (2007黄冈)A. seems to be B. seem to be C. is seeming to be D. are剖析：根据就近原则，首先排除B、D，而 there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be等，所以答案应从A、C中选。感官动词一般不用进行时，故C也不正确。注意事项：there be 句型与have句型的区别(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。如： He has two sons. 他有两个儿子There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。如： A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。二、There be句型与中考试题 There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地（或某时）有某人（或某物）”，其形式为“There be代词或名词（短语）地点时间状语”。这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词（短语）是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be（或其否定式）there”构成。例如： 1There is a desk and two chairs in the room（紧挨着be动词的主语是a desk，是单数，故be的形式要用is） 2There arent two chairs and a desk in the room（否定句） 3Is there anything wrong with your ears？（Yes，there isNo，there isnt） 4There wasnt a meeting yesterday，was there？（反意疑问句） 除此之外，还有一个重要句式“有某人在做某事”，要用“There be sbdoing sth地点时间状语”。例如： There are several children swimming in the river河里有几个孩子在游泳。 There be 结构中常见的时态有如下几种情况： 通过上表可知：各种时态的变化是通过 be动词的变化来体现的。至于你提到的两个句子我们先不考虑对错，首要的问题是弄清楚There be与have所表示的意义。There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。例如，要说“明天有一个班会。”（1）There will have a class meeting tomorrow（）（2）There is going towill be a class meeting tomorrow（）有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时两种都可以用。例如：Class Three have a map of China on the wall（“地图”为三班学生所有）There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three（“地图”存在于三班）由此看来，There will have是错误的。 复习There be句型时除了掌握基础知识外，还应注意以下问题： 1There be句型的考查更多的是将be动词与主语结合在一起进行的，即主谓的一致性。例如： （1）There is _ on the floor （2）There are _ on the floor 选项：Acat Bwater Cboxes Dfootball解析：（1）由is可知主语应是可数名词单数或不可数名词，而A、D项中都缺少冠词a，故选B，同理可知（2）应选C。 2如果作主语的是一个短语，则常常考查短语中的修饰语。可数名词的复数形式前可以用any，some，few，a few，m any或用数词 hundredthousandmillion，hundreds thousandsmillions of，no等修饰；不可数名词可以受any，some，no，little，a little，much等词的修饰。例如： （1）There were _ students in our school Ahundreds Beight hundred Ceight hundreds of （2）There is _ waterYou neednt get some more Afew Blittle Cmuch 解析：（1）由数词与名词的搭配关系可知选B，（2）由water可知排除A项，再由后一句意思便知选C。 3注意不定代词的用法。 （1）不定代词在句中作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：There is nothing in the fridge（2）不定代词受形容词修饰时要放在形容词的前面。例如：There is something interesting in todays newspaper 4There be句型的反意疑问句，要注意陈述部分的形式。 如果陈述部分含有little，few，no，nobody，none等否定词时，后面的简短问句中要用肯定形式。例如：There is nobody in the room，is there？ 但有的含有否定意义的形容词修饰不定代词时则仍看作肯定句式。例如：There is something unusual in the room，isnt there？ 5要注意句子前后意思的一致性。 有的句子单独看其意义时，可能不止一个选项适合于它，但如果联系上下句的意思则只能有一个恰当的选项。例如：（1）There is _ foodYou neednt buy any（2） There is _ foodYou have to buy some（Aany Bsome Cno）从这两题中的第一个句子来看均可选用some和no，但与后面的句意结合看，答案则是唯一的：（1）B，（2）C。 There be句型命题趋向有两个方面：一是进一步加强对知识的理解与运用方面的考查。例如be动词与主语的一致性、名词或代词的修饰语、搭配关系、含否定词的反意疑问句等。二是有可能出现“有某人在做某事”这一句型，即“There be sbdoing sth地点时间状语”。 下面是一些英语中考试题原题: 1There are _ days in a week Athe seven Bseventh Cthe seventh Dseven 2There are few _ in the fridgeLets go and buy som e peas，carrots and cabbages Avegetables Bfruit Cmeat Deggs 3Look！There are some _ on the floor Achild Bwater Cboxes Dgirl 4There were two _ people at yesterdays meeting Ahundreds Bhundreds of Chundred 5The letter from my uncle was shortThere wasnt _ news Amany Ba few Cmuch Dfew 6Oh，there isnt enough _ for us in the lift It doesnt matter，lets wait for the next Aground Bfloor Cplace Droom 7There _ an English Evening next Tuesday Awas Bwill be Cwill have Dare going to be 8There _ a football game in our school Ahas Bwill have Cwill be 9There is going to _ a report _ Chinese history in our school this evening Ahave；on Bbe；on Chave；for Dbe；of 10There is _ food hereWell have to buy some Aany Bsome Cno 11There is _ in the bagIts em pty Anothing Bsomething Canything Dsomebody 12There is _ knocking at the doorGo and see who it is Anobody Bsomebody Canybody Deverybody 13Is there _ wrong with me， doctor？ Im afraid soYour heart is beating a bit too slow Asomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing 14There is _ interesting on this channelTry others Anothing Bnone Canything Dno 15There is