2016新课标三维人教英语 选修八 Unit 4 单元小结.doc

Pronunciation and StatusAn ambassador and a referee were consulting a professor on the caption of a Buddhistic alphabet when a sobbing woman stopped them to sell an antique musical bathtub. Her dirty garment and the handkerchief around her waist were badly in need of being sent to a laundry. The ambassador uncomfortably gave her a handful of pence from his wallet and said, “Take this fortune away, troublesome woman.”When her figure faded away, the brilliant professor said, “You are mistaken and your improper remark on her should be condemned. In terms of this extraordinary woman, you cant classify her status by her horrible clothes or disgusting nails. Her clean woollen vest and stockings, especially her classic pronunciation, all suggested her upper status.” The ambassador gave a whistle in amazement, and advised making her acquaintance. The professor hesitated for a while, then compromised.The outcome was that she was an authentic superior police officer. When they were shown in her office and saw her once more, she brought them a teapot of tea and some cookies, laughing and saying, “I rubbed some cream and wax on my outer garment and passed myself off as a shabby woman among thieves and robbers to investigate a plot. Generally speaking, your overlooking me and my adaptation are the best help. But my pronunciation seemed to have betrayed me.”口音与身份一位大使和一位裁判正在就一张佛教符号表的文字说明请教教授，这时，一名哭哭啼啼的女人把他们拦住，要卖给他们一个古董音乐澡盆。她肮脏的衣服和腰间的手帕都急需送到洗衣店清洗。大使很不舒服地从钱包里掏出一把便士说：“把这大笔钱拿走，麻烦的女人！”等她的身影渐渐远去，那位才华横溢的教授说：“你错了，你对她不适当的评论语应该受到谴责。就这个不同寻常的女人来说，你不能根据她糟糕的衣服或令人恶心的指甲对她的身份地位分类。她干净的纯毛背心和袜子，尤其是她一流的发音，都暗示着她级别较高的身份。”大使惊奇地吹了声口哨，建议去认识她。教授犹豫了一会儿，最后妥协了。结果她真的是一位高级警官。当他们被带进她的办公室再次见到她时，她给他们拿来一壶茶和一些饼干，笑着说：“我把奶油和蜡涂在外衣上假扮成寒酸的女人混在小偷和抢劫犯中间，是为了调查一宗阴谋。通常来说，你们对我的忽视和我对此的适应就是最好的帮助。但是我的发音似乎暴露了我啊。”加餐练(一)完形阅读组合练.完形填空You ask me how my dog led me around the world? OK, let me show you!I was walking my dog in my neighborhood _1_ I do every day. I smiled as I passed my _2_. The neighborhood is a special place where people do _3_ to have a brief chat. You pass the _4_ people often so those brief chats _5_ add up to learning more about each other.One neighbor and I began to ask each other about our _6_. I shared what I did with her. It happened she had a friend who was _7_ a copywriter (文案). She made the _8_ immediately, and soon her friend _9_ me.During the work, I networked with a man, and one conversation _10_ us to a discussion on Italy. This _11_ me because I had been planning a trip to Italy sometime during the year. That new friend told me about his _12_ memory of his trip to Italy. A few days later, I booked my trip and was _13_ to travel to Europe. He also kindly connected me to his aunt who _14_ in Italy. Not only did she help me plan transportation, but she also invited me to _15_ with her family members in her comfortable beach house, which _16_ me a lot on hotel expense.And this is the story. Let me _17_ some tips. First, you never know how _18_ the people you meet will be to you. Second, connect with people you meet often. It may not lead anywhere today; _19_， relationships arent meant for just today. Third, always be _20_. People remember you when you take time to get to know them and help them.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者每天都会到小区里遛狗。没想到的是，遛狗给她带来了一次快乐的欧洲旅行。1A.thoughBasConce Duntil解析：选B根据后文的“I do every day”可知，作者像往常一样去遛狗。2A.friends BstudentsCrelatives Dneighbors解析：选D作者在遛狗时碰到邻居都会微笑着打招呼。3A.need BseekCstop Dpermit解析：选C小区是一个邻居遇见就会停下来寒暄几句的地方。4A.same BrightCsimilar Dcommon解析：选A在小区里经常碰见相同的人，彼此之间简单的寒暄最终会变成长聊。5A.quickly BfinallyCsuddenly Dreally解析：选B参见上题解析。6A.names BgoalsCinterests Djobs解析：选D根据后文所讲的作者在她的邻居的帮助下找到了一份工作可知，作者和邻居熟了以后开始询问对方的工作。7A.looking for Btalking aboutClearning from Dbringing up解析：选A作者的邻居说她的朋友需要一位文案。8A.preparation BexplanationCintroduction Dinterview解析：选C作者的邻居向她的朋友介绍了作者。很快，作者就被雇佣了。9A.met BemployedCserved Dcalled解析：选B参见上题解析。10A.led BfollowedCinvited Dwelcomed解析：选A作者在做文案工作期间要和别人联络。一次，她和一个人的谈话使他们聊到了意大利。11A.surprised BmovedCexcited Ddisappointed解析：选C因为作者打算近期到意大利旅行，因此有关意大利的谈话让作者很兴奋。12A.unbelievable BlimitedCclear Dwonderful解析：选D那位新朋友还告诉作者他到意大利旅行的回忆，之后不久，作者便订了票，准备出发。由此可知，那个朋友的意大利之行是美好的。13A.lucky BreadyCafraid Dproud解析：选B参见上题解析。14A.travelled BstudiedClived Dperformed解析：选C那个朋友还将作者的联系方式告诉了他住在意大利的姑姑。15A.stay BplayCcommunicate Deat解析：选A那位姑姑不仅帮作者制订旅行计划，还邀请她和她的家人同住，这让作者省了一大笔住宿费。16A.gave BcostCadvised Dsaved解析：选D参见上题解析。17A.learn BshareCcollect Duse解析：选B作者想要和大家分享她的心得。18A.helpful BimportantCclose Dopen解析：选A作者首先提醒大家：你永远不会知道你所遇见的某个人会对你有多大的帮助。19A.instead BsoChowever Dinstead解析：选C经常和那些你所遇见的人联系，虽然这些人不会马上对你就有所帮助，但是，人与人之间的交情不是为了当天就有帮助才建立的。20A.active BintelligentCstrong Dkind解析：选D根据后文所讲的只要你试着去了解别人并且帮助别人，人们就会记住你可知，作者在这儿强调的是做人要善良。.阅读理解I learnt about the Pygmalion Effect (皮格马利翁效应) when I was 7 years old at Riverdale School in Palmerston North and I copied Melissa Crawfords answers in a spelling test. Before that I was average at school but after that, because Melissa Crawford was smart, and I got all the right answers, I got put in all the smart kids groups. From then I did really well at school because it was believed by the teachers that I would and I also got grouped with the smart kids. This experience that occurred at my primary school shows just how important the Pygmalion Effect is in terms of being around mentors (导师) that expect that youre going to do well and also being around people who are smart.The Pygmalion Effect is one principle you want to use if you want to make money fast. Have mentors that expect you will make money fast and as an extra boost hang around, copy and learn from other people who are also making money fast.Yesterday this site had over 5, 000 unique visitors and the traffic to it is increasing all the time. A year ago I contacted a group of people who got lots of traffic in their sites and I learnt from them. Truthfully, I dont know if they expected me to start getting decent traffic to websites but I imagined they did so they might as well have.So there you have it, the Pygmalion Effect.P. S. My grammar and spelling are not that great nowadays but thats actually completely irrelevant (不相关的) when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site.1When did the author learn about the Pygmalion Effect?ABefore he took the spelling test.BAfter he cheated in the spelling test.CWhen he did badly in exams.DAfter he finished primary school.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段可知是在他考试作弊以后。2The author got grouped with the smart kids because _.Ahe was an average pupil at schoolBhe did better than expectedCMelissa Crawford was smartDhe did better than all the others at school解析：选B细节理解题。作者以前学习成绩平平，由于考试作弊，成绩出色，所以老师把他列入聪明的学生之中。3What does the underlined word “traffic” mean in the third paragraph?AAmount of vehicles.BAmount of travellers.CAmount of visits. DAmount of goods.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据本句语境判断可知，该词指的是“(网站)访问量”。4From the passage we can infer that _.Athe author was busy meeting visitors every dayBthere was lots of traffic in his cityCthe author opened a website himselfDthe authors grammar was poor at school解析：选C推理判断题。从文章最后一句“when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site”可知，作者有自己的网站。加餐练(二)第卷规范增分练.语法填空Smith：You come to school late as well, Bruce. Yesterday you .Bruce：Im sorry about that, Mr. Smith. You see, since my alarm clock didnt work yesterday morning, I got up half an hour _1_ (late) than usual.Smith：Your alarm clock? But you told me yesterday that the bus _2_ (break) down!Bruce：Oh, did I? I just forgot _3_ (say) that my clock didnt work, either.Smith：Anyway, now tell me again _4_ you want tomorrow off.Bruce：Well . er, my grandmother is in hospital, _5_ (wait) to be operated on. I want to visit _6_.Smith：Oh, I see. So your grandmother is ill again.Bruce：Again? I . I dont understand.Smith：_7_ do I. You said your grandmother was ill just now and you said she had already had _8_ operation. By the way, you also said she was in an old peoples home, _9_ than in a hospital.Bruce：I am sorry, sir, but .Smith：I am tired of your explanation. Next time you are late _10_ want to ask for leave of absence, remember to make up a good excuse.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._语篇解读：这是一位老师和一名喜欢撒谎的学生布鲁斯之间的对话，老师揭穿了布鲁斯请假的假理由并给予严厉的批评。1later根据后面的than可知该空用比较级later。2had broken根据句意，从句的谓语动词break发生在主句的谓语动词told之前，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。3to sayforget to do sth.意思是“忘记要做某事”。forget doing sth.意思是“忘记曾做过某事”。4why根据语境可知，史密斯先生问布鲁斯明天为什么要请假。5waiting主语my grandmother和wait之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词waiting。6her根据句意可知，该空指代的是布鲁斯的奶奶，故用her。7Neither/Nor句型“neither/nor助动词/be动词/情态动词主语”表示前者所说的否定情况也适合于后者，常译成“也不”。8an此处an operation泛指“一次手术”。9ratherrather than意思是“而不是”。10or史密斯先生的意思是“下次你迟到或想请假的话，记住编个好理由”。.短文改错Yesterday evening, inviting by some friends, my uncle had dinner with them. He was very glad that he drank a lot of wine. As a result of, he got drunk. Before the meal, it was time to go home. His friend came out to see him off and advised him not to drive home. However, my uncle turned a deaf ear to their advices.On the way home, an accident happened on him and he was serious injured. Two passersby sent him to hospital. The police came to the hospital too, announced that he would be fined and that his driving license would be revoked (吊销)How regretful my uncle was! He said he will never drive after drinking.答案：第一句：invitinginvited第二句：veryso第三句：去掉of第四句：BeforeAfter第五句：friendfriends第六句：advicesadvice第七句：第二个onto; seriousseriously第九句：announcedannouncing或在announced前加and第十一句：willwould.书面表达鲁滨孙漂流记 (Robinson Crusoe) 是英国小说家丹尼尔笛福(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇100词左右的书评。1该书出版于1719年，它是最流行的历险小说之一。2主要情节：它是关于鲁滨孙，一位英国人，在一个荒凉的热带小岛附近船只失事的故事。他自己建造小屋，种植粮食，变得自给自足。二十三年后，他偶遇一伙食肉野人，并从他们手中救出了一位囚犯，给他取名Friday。他们成了密友。四年后他们得到了营救，然后一起回到了英国。参考词汇：1.自给自足的selfsufficient2食人肉的野人cannibal3在一个荒凉的热带小岛附近船只失事shipwreck on a lonely tropical island参考范文：A review of Robinson CrusoeThis is a novel by the English author Daniel Defoe, published in 1719, which is one of the most popular adventure novels in all literature. It is the story of Robinson Crusoe, an Englishman who is shipwrecked on a lonely tropical island. He builds himself a hut, grows his own food, and becomes selfsufficient. After 23 years he meets with a group of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners, a young native whom he calls Friday. Crusoe and his “man” Friday become close friends, and when they are finally rescued four years later, both return to England.第一部分听力(满分30分，限时20分钟)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Where does the woman think her father is now? AAt home.BAt his office.CAt the club.2What is the woman probably going to do this weekend?AGo boating with her classmates.BGo camping with the man.CPrepare for a competition.3How long does the woman usually sleep every night? AAbout eight hours.BAbout seven hours.CAbout six hours.4What do we know about Tim?AHe became severely ill.BHe may have a car accident.CHe didnt take driving lessons.5What does the man suggest? ACalling the service centre.BPressing the emergency button.CDoing nothing for a short while.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6How old is the magazine that the man is looking for?AAbout one year old.BAbout two years old.CAbout two and a half years old.7Where will the two speakers probably go next?AThe second floor.BThe right side of the first floor.CThe left side of the first floor.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8When will the two speakers probably go to Epcot?ARight now.BAfter lunch.CAt night.9What are the two speakers going to do first?AGet checked in.BFind a parking lot.CRide the roller coaster.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10Where was the man last week? AIn Rome. BIn Milan. CIn Ferrara.11What did the man probably visit first?AThe castle.BThe cathedral.CThe Renaissance buildings.12. How many times has the man traveled abroad this year?ATwice. BThree times. CFour times.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What festival are the two speakers talking about?AMothers Day.BEaster.CHalloween.14. When does the woman usually visit her grandparents?AOn Friday morning.BOn Saturday morning.COn Saturday afternoon.15. What is the favorite part of the festival to the woman?AReceiving presents.BGoing to church.CHunting for eggs.16. What will the man probably do during the holiday?AHang out with other international students.BJoin the womans family for the festival.CStay in the dorm reading a huge book.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When did the speaker arrive in Antarctica?AIn December.BIn September.CIn March.18What difficulty does the speaker have at the moment?AThere is a lot of hard work to do.BThe ship wont return for months.CHe is working with a small number of people.19What has improved in Antarctica in the last ten years?AFood.BCommunication.CLiving conditions.20What is the speaker trying to do?ARemind scientists of danger in Antarctica.BDescribe his own experiences in Antarctica.CSuggest ways of improving life in Antarctica.答案：15BCABC610CACAC1115ABBCC 1620BACBB听力材料(Text 1)M：Hello! This is Bill Smith from the Greenhouse Club. May I speak to Mr. Jones?W：Im sorry, but my dad isnt at home right now. He wont be back until six oclock. I can give you his office phone number.(Text 2)M：Have a nice weekend! I will go camping. Do you have anything exciting planned?W：Not really. I was thinking of renting a boat at the Water Park with my classmates, but the national English competition is coming up, so I will probably have to prepare for it.(Text 3)M：Do you usually get up at 6 every morning?W：Yes. Its not too hard because I go to bed around 10 every night. I want to be sure to get enough sleep every night.M：Thats good. I dont get nearly enough. I sleep only about six hours every night.(Text 4)W：Have you heard about Tim? Hes in hospital again.M：What happened? Ive never heard he is suffering from any illnesses.W：He was driving too fast again. I guess he didnt learn his lesson from last time.M：Im so sorry to hear that.(Text 5)W：Uhoh. It looks like theres a problem.M：Yeah, Im afraid so. Last Friday this elevator was out of service all day long.W：Do you think I should press the emergency button?M：Lets just wait a minute or two first. It may start again by itself.(Text 6)W：Can I help you?M：I need to find a specific magazine, and I am not sure where to look for. Where are the old magazines?W：The magazines that are a bit older than one year are on the left of the first floor, and the magazines that are less than one year old are at the end of the right side. Theyre near the reading room. How old is your magazine?M：It came out about two and a half years ago, so I guess Id find it on the left side of the first floor then, right?W：Im afraid not. Magazines that are more than two years old are kept on the second floor.M：Can you help me look for it?W：OK.(Text 7)W：Hey, wake up, sleepy head.M：I fell asleep. Are we there?W：Yes, we finally make it to Disney World. We are in the parking lot. It might not be a bad idea to have a quick lunch and start our journey.M：I couldnt wait to go to Epcot.W：Epcot should be put on the list of “To Dos” but Ive heard that Epcot is really sweet at night.M：It sounds reasonable. What about the indoor roller coaster? Its thrilling! Im dying for it.W：Oh, no. Im afraid it would be really scary especially when it is totally in the dark.M：Ugh. Then we might find a hotel and get checked in before lunch.W：I cant agree more.(Text 8)W：I called you last week but your mother said you were sightseeing in Italy. Did you go to Rome?M：No. I went to Rome last year and Milan the year before last, so this year I went to Ferrara. You may not have heard about it, as it isnt one of the most famous Italian cities.W：Oh, Ive heard about it before. Its known as the City of the Renaissance, right? Ive never visited it before, though. How was your time there?M：It was great. I visited the city centre. The cathedral and the castle are both there in the heart of the city, and both are amazing. I didnt go to the cathedral, because it was very crowded.W：What else did you visit there?M：After I left the castle, I went to visit the historic part of the city, which has a lot of buildings from the Renaissance. Then I visited several palaces and churches.W：You seem to really like travelling.M：Yes, I love it. I usually travel abroad twice a year, and this year Ive taken one more trip than usual.(Text 9)M：I didnt even realize there was a festival coming up.W：Why? You didnt know about Easter? There are many traditions connected to it.M：I knew a little about it and didnt know it was in April. I thought it might be some day after Mothers Day.W：Easter is observed on a Sunday in March or April. It is truly worth celebrating in the spring. We are all looking forward to the holiday. Mother will make a big Easter basket for each of us with presents like chocolate bars, candies and even a CD. We go to a church service on Friday morning. We dye our Easter eggs on Saturday morning and visit our grandparents that afternoon. But the best part for me is t