广东省深圳四校发展联盟体2018_2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）.docx

广东省深圳四校发展联盟体2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）考试时长：120分钟 卷面总分：120分第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe weather symbol shown for each day in the five day forecast represents the main weather expected on the day in question. The maximum temperature is the highest temperature forecast between dawn and dusk, whereas the minimum temperature is the lowest temperature expected from dusk on the day to dawn the following day. The wind speed and direction are the expected conditions at midday.each day in the five day forecast represents the main weather expected on the day in question. The maximum temperature is the highest temperature forecast between dawn and dusk, whereas the minimum temperature is the lowest temperature expected from dusk on the day to dawn the following day. The wind speed and direction are the expected conditions at midday.London, United Kingdom28,11, 2018 (Wed.)DaySummaryMax day;Min night ()Wind(mph)VisibilityPressurePollutionMon.Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 15:599-10very poor1030lowTue.Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 16:003-8good1023lowWed.Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 16:01-1-5good1023lowThur.Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 16:020-2good999lowFri.Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 16:030-2good1012low1. If you want to have a picnic with your friends, youd better go on _.A. FridayB. TuesdayC. ThursdayD. Wednesday2. On average, London has _ hours daylight.A. 8B. 15C. 12D. 163. Which of the following is true?A. The pollution in London will be more serious on Saturday.B. We cannot see things clearly on Monday because of rain.C. On both Wednesday and Thursday we will have east wind.D. From Monday to Friday the pressure will be lower and lower.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦未来五天的天气情况。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文中表格，可以发现星期二天气晴朗，能见度也很好，非常适合和朋友去野餐，故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Mon. Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 15:59；Tue. Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 16:00；Wed.Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 16:01；Thur. Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 16:02；Fri. Sunrise 08:06 Sunset 16:03，可知伦敦的平均日照时间是八小时，故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中星期三和星期四的风向符号，可知星期三和星期四都有东风，故选C。BWhile most people have the idea that volcano eruptions are one of the most destructive disasters in nature , seeing a volcano erupt is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the heat by climbing to the summit of Pacaya for a close-up view.There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua, giving travelers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua, a beautiful city with many colorful houses along its old streets that are turned into art-works during its Holy Week festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you wont miss the Pacaya-tour companies.But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2,560 meters high, and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one-step-forward and two-step-back movements. As you climb you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above. Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit: the Mckenney Cone (火山锥). Just as though you were going to walk over to the edge of the cone, the road turns to the left and up to the relative safety of the old, inactive summit.Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava(岩浆) and the darkening sky. On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting. The active mouth boils, sending red lava over its sides, and once in a while shoots hot steams up to 100 meters into the air. There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone. As evening turns deeper into the night, the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano. For you, too, it is time to get down.4. Antigua is a city .A. that gives a close-up view of PacayaB. that is famous for its tour agenciesC. where the exciting Pacaya tour startsD. where people can enjoy cultural festivals5. The word “summit” appears several times in the passage. It means_.A. cooled rocks along the pathB. loud sound and terrible smellC. the most exciting happening in a placeD. the top point of a mountain or hill6. Many tours are timed for people to .A. get down the mountain in time when night fallsB. avoid the smell from the upwind directionC. enjoy the amazing eruption against the darkening skyD. appreciate the scenery of the Pacaya mountain7. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To attract tourists .B. To describe the volcanoC. To introduce guided tours .D. To explain the power of nature .【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. A【解析】这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章作者介绍了帕卡亚山火山喷发的壮观景象，推荐游客们来旅游。【4题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua, a beautiful city with many colorful houses along its old streets that are turned into art-works during its Holy Week festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you wont miss the Pacaya-tour companies.（帕卡亚距安提瓜城很近，安提瓜城是一个美丽的城市，在它的圣周节期间，许多色彩斑斓的房屋沿着老街被改造成艺术品。无论你什么时候来安提瓜岛，你都不会错过帕卡亚旅游公司。）由此可知安提瓜城是令人兴奋的帕卡亚之旅的起点，故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2,560 meters high, and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one-step-forward and two-step-back movements.（但是攀爬帕卡亚并不容易:它有2560米高，到达顶峰需要两到三个小时的前两步和后两步的运动。）由此可知summit的意思是山顶山或小山的顶端，故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第四段Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava(岩浆) and the darkening sky.（许多旅行都是有时间安排的，这样你就有足够的时间到达火山的圆锥体，欣赏日落，欣赏喷发的红色熔岩和逐渐变暗的天空之间的鲜明对比。）故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。第一段While most people have the idea that volcano eruptions are one of the most destructive disasters in nature , seeing a volcano erupt is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the heat by climbing to the summit of Pacaya for a close-up view.（虽然大多数人都认为火山爆发是自然界中最具破坏性的灾难之一，但看到火山爆发是一种美妙的体验，你可以爬到帕卡亚山顶近距离观察，真正感受到它的热度。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章旨在吸引游客，故选A。CWhen you were at school, the last thing you probably wanted to do was spend your weekends going to work. There was homework to do, sport to play and fun to have. But our parents probably persuaded us to find a job to earn some money and get some life experience. When I was a teenager I had a paper round: delivering newspapers to peoples homes. I then progressed to a Saturday job in a supermarket: stacking shelves and working at the checkout.Today in the UK you are allowed to work from the age of 13, and many children do take up part-time jobs. Its one of those things that are seen almost as a rite of passage(成人仪式).Its a taste of independence and sometimes a useful thing to put on your CV(简历).Teenagers agree that it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing their money.Some research has shown that not taking up a Saturday or holiday job could be deleterious to a person later on. A 2015 study by the UK Commission on Employment and Skills found that not participating in part-time work at school age had been blamed by employers organizations for young adults being ill-prepared for full-time employment, but despite this, recent statistics have shown that the number of schoolchildren in the UK with a part-time job has fallen by a fifth in the past five years.So, does this mean that British teenagers are now afraid of hard work? Probably not. Some experts feel that young people feel going out to work will affect their performance at school, and they are under more pressure now to study hard and get good exam results-and a good job in the long term. However, Geoff Barton, general secretary of the Association of School and College Leaders, told BBC News that Properly regulated（控制的）part-time work is a good way of helping young people learn skills that they will need in their working lives. In reality, its all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and rest.8. How did the author feel about doing part-time jobs on weekends when he was a teenager?A. Unwilling.B. Interested.C. Delighted.D. Angry.9. Which of the following may NOT be the benefit of school childrens doing part-time jobs?A. Learning to be independent.B. Gaining some life experience.C. Being prepared for future jobs.D. Spending what they earn as they like.10. What does the underlined word deleterious in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. valuable.B. harmful.C. necessary.D. beneficial.11. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A. Students should spend all their time on studies.B. Students should have as many part-time jobs as possible.C. Doing part-time jobs must affect students school results.D. Its important for students to balance part-time jobs and studies.【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D【解析】本文为议论文。研究和调查表明，适当的兼职会让学生们学会独立、获取阅历、为将来工作做好准备，同时还要在做兼职和有足够的时间学习和休息之间取得平衡。【8题详解】推理判断题。依据第一段When you were at school, the last thing you probably wanted to do was spend your weekends going to work.可知作者认为当你在学校的时候，你可能最不想做的事情就是周末去上班。故作者的态度是不情愿的，选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。依据第二段Its a taste of independence and sometimes a useful thing to put on your CV.it teaches valuable lessons about working with adults and also about managing their money.第三段 not participating in part-time workill-prepared for full-time employment.可知兼职会让学生们学会独立、获取阅历、为将来工作做好准备。故选D。【10题详解】词义猜测题。依据划线词后调研内容A 2015 study found that 可知，该研究表明，雇主们一直将年轻人对全职工作准备不足归咎于他们在上学时没有参加兼职工作。故学生不参加兼职工作可能对以后的生活有害，选B符合题意。【11题详解】推理判断题。依据最后一段In reality, its all about getting the right balance between doing part-time work and having enough time to study and rest.可知，在做兼职和有足够的时间学习和休息之间取得平衡是非常重要的。故选D。DDiet pills ,diet Coke, diet Pepsi, no-fat diet, vegetable diet We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brains to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale ( 秤 ) instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we dont have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients. Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.12. From Paragraph 1, we can learn that .A. people are fed up with diet productsB. diet products are misleading peopleC. diet products fail to bring out peoples potentialD. people have difficulty in choosing diet products13. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to .A. try out a variety of diet foodsB. hesitate before they enjoy diet foodsC. watch their weight rather than their dietD. pay attention to their own eating habits14. In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain” probably means_A. diet products bring no harmB. diet products have no calorieC. it costs little to stay healthyD. losing weight needs no efforts15. Diet products indirectly affect people physically because such products_A. lack basic nutrientsB. are over-consumedC. are short of chemicalsD. provide too much energy【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了减肥产品误导了人们，它们对身体有害。减肥在于思想的力量，而不是化学物质的力量。一旦我们意识到这一点，我们就能更好地抵制减肥产品，从而防止使用它们带来的心理和身体伤害。【12题详解】推理判断题。第一段Diet pills ,diet Coke, diet Pepsi, no-fat diet, vegetable diet We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.意思是减肥药、健怡可乐、健怡百事、无脂饮食、蔬菜饮食我们的周围到处都是“节食”这个词。我们很容易被减肥产品的前景和潜力所吸引，以至于我们不再去想减肥产品对我们做了什么。我们正在为伤害我们身心的产品付出代价。由此可推断出，减肥产品误导了人们，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在第二段Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale ( 秤 ) instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.（减肥产品可以让我们跳过思考阶段，直接进入体重秤。我们所要做的就是吞下或识别食品标签上的“饮食”这个词。）由此推断出减肥产品的一个心理效应是，人们倾向于关注自己的体重，而不是饮食，故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。上文Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we dont have to work to get results. 意思是每次我们喝一杯零卡路里的饮料，我们都在无意识地告诉自己，我们不需要努力就能得到结果。由此推断出下文Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.的意思是减肥产品让人们相信，没有痛苦就会有收获，生活可以没有阻力和斗争。“gain comes without pain”意思是减肥不需要任何努力，故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients.（减肥食品会间接伤害我们的身体，因为食用它们而不是健康食品意味着我们正在阻止我们的身体获得基本的营养。）故选A。【点睛】细节理解题解题思路：细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节，做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题4，答案定位在倒数第二段Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients.（减肥食品会间接伤害我们的身体，因为食用它们而不是健康食品意味着我们正在阻止我们的身体获得基本的营养。）故选A。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Accidents happen more often than you think. Every year in China, 3.2 million people die in accidents thats an average of six people per minute. Experts say that the 10 minutes after an accident can make the difference between life and death. _16_The second Saturday of September is World First Aid Day. It fell on Sept 8 this year. First aid refers to the first steps taken to help someone whos injured. _17_. It also includes getting help, either by telling other people or calling 120._18_, do cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR, 心肺复苏), and treat things like burns, bleeding and broken bones. It takes as little as two hours to learn these skills._19_. You can also read books or watch videos that can be found on free apps like First Aid Manual (现场急救指南)._20_. The Peking Union Medical College Hospital offers these options. “Learning first aid is good for everyone and it is better to start young,” Wang Jiangshan, a doctor in the hospitals emergency room, told the China Youth Daily. “It can benefit oneself and others for the rest of ones life.”A. It includes keeping the person safe and staying calmB. You can learn first aid by visiting the official website of China First Aid TrainingC. This is why learning first aid is so importantD. Right now is a good time for us to learn more about first aidE. Some hospitals also give courses or even hold first aid camps for kidsF. In the US, first aid is a basic skill that every student has to learnG. Basic first aid training teaches you how to deal with emergencies【答案】16. C 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述的是学习急救的重要性。事故发生的频率比你想象的要高。在中国，每年有320万人死于交通事故平均每分钟6人。专家说事故发生后的10分钟可以决定生死。这就是为什么学习急救是如此重要。【16题详解】上文提示“专家说事故发生后的10分钟可以决定生死。”承接上文，C项This is why learning first aid is so important（这就是为什么学习急救是如此重要。）切题。故选C。【17题详解】上文提示“急救是指为帮助受伤的人而采取的第一步。”再根据下文提示“它还包括通过告诉别人或拨打120寻求帮助。”承接上下文，A项It includes keeping the person safe and staying calm（它包括保持人身安全和保持冷静）切题。下文中的also将上下文联系在一起，故选A。【18题详解】分析句子结构，_3_, do cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR, 心肺复苏), and treat things like burns, bleeding and broken bones.再根据句子后半句提示“做心肺复苏，治疗烧伤、出血和骨折。”承接后半句，G项Basic first aid training teaches you how to deal with emergencies（基本的急救训练教你如何处理紧急情况）切题。故选G。【19题详解】下文提示“你还可以阅读书籍或观看免费应用程序(如急救)上的视频”。承接下文，B项You can learn first aid by visiting the official website of China First Aid Training（您可以访问中国急救培训官方网站学习急救知识。）切题。下文中的also将该项和下文联系在一起。故选B。【20题详解】下文提示“北京协和医院提供了这些选择。”承接下文，E项Some hospitals also give courses or even hold first aid camps for kids（一些医院还为孩子们开设课程，甚至举办急救营。）切题。故选E。第三部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分；满分30分）阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上相应番号处将该项涂黑。A conversation with a StrangerLast Sunday I sat on the bus talking with excitement and so ready to spend time in London with one of my best friends from college. As I took the window seat and wore headphones over ears, I almost didnt _21_ the elderly man sitting beside me.Half an hour passed and I was still absorbed in my own world._22_ the elderly man asked me a question, a sim