摆线钢球论文：摆线钢球行星减速器优化设计及有限元分析.doc

摆线钢球论文：摆线钢球行星减速器优化设计及有限元分析【中文摘要】机械传动在机械工程中的广泛应用,以及在实际应用中对机械传动的高要求,使得新型传动结构的研究成为热门。本文研究的是新型行星传动端面啮合摆线钢球行星传动减速器,它有着体积小、效率高、承载能力强等优点,对其进行结构和性能上的优化分析,有利于提高产品质量、降低生产成本,这在实际生产中有着十分重要的意义。本文在参考大量文献的基础上,对其机械结构及传动原理作了详细的分析,以体积最小和效率最高为目标函数对其结构和性能进行优化,并绘制了优化后的减速器的三维实体装配图,最后对主要结构部件进行力学分析。本文主要分以下几个方面来研究:第一、分析摆线钢球行星减速器的结构构成及其传动原理,根据减速器的结构特点、初始条件和研究所期望的目标,确定了优化数学模型的设计变量和两分目标函数,并用线性加权法统一了目标函数;在参阅大量文献的基础上,编写钢球与行星盘摆线槽和环形槽啮合强度计算公式、发生根切计算式、设定各参变量的适用范围并分析了各设计变量的大小变化对机构体积和效率的影响,最终建立了以体积最小和效率最大为目标的多目标优化数学模型。第二、运用Matlab工程软件中的遗传算法工具箱对优化数学模型进行优化计算,计算之前根据Matlab编程原理和遗传算法理论编写了本优化计算的M文件,调用工具箱完成优化计算并取得各设计变量值,再将优化设计结果与传统设计方案相比较,得出的结论是:体积减小17.91%、效率提高0.45%。第三、由优化设计得出的参数值,运用Pro/E软件绘制出减速器的行星盘、中心盘及输出机构三维模型。查阅工具书资料,选取适合与本减速器的零部件,如:油杯、螺塞、密封圈、轴承等,再由Pro/E组装各零部件图成为一个完整的结构。第四、对减速器的重要部件(钢球与行星盘)进行理论上的力学分析,计算出行星盘与各个钢球的接触力大小,找到接触力最大处,再用Pro/E将行星盘与钢球接触力最大处截取出来并作相应的简化处理,最后运用ANSYS软件进行分析。通过ANSYS的接触力学分析显示,ANSYS的分析结果与理论计算值相差2.23%,在许可范围之内,也验证了力学分析的正确性。【英文摘要】The application of mechanical transmission in mechanical engineering is widely, and the higher request is put for mechanical transmission in practical application, these make the new transmission structure research become popular. This study is a new-style planetary transmission mechanismTip-to-face meshing steel ball planetary reducer, It has some good points, for example: small size, high efficiency, carrying capacity is strong, etc. We do optimized analysis for structure and performance to it. For these, in actual production stage we can improve product quality and reduce production cost,so it has a very important significance. This paper base on a large number of documents, and we make a detailed analysis on the mechanical structure and the transmission theory. We make the least volume and the highest efficiency for target function and optimization for structure and performance, mapped a 3d entity of assembly drawing for the optimized reducer, do some research on the main struction , at last, compare the results of analysis.This text mainly divides the following several respect to study:First, analyze the cycloid steel ball planetary reducer structure and its transmission principle, according to the structural characteristics, initial condition and institute expected objective, confirming that optimizes the design variable of the mathematical model and two points of goal functions, and unifying the goal function by linear weighting method; Refer to a large number of documents, we write the steel ball and planetary disk cycloid groove and ring groove meshing strength calculation formula, occurrence root cutting calculation formula, setting the scope of application of each parameter, expounding on the influence of volume and efficiency which caused by the variation of the parameter, set up until volume minimum and efficiency most heavy to optimize the mathematical model for large goal of goal finally.Second, use the hereditary algorithm toolbox in Matlab project software to optimize and calculate to optimizing the mathematical model, have written and originally optimized M file calculated according to Matlab programming principle and hereditary theory of algorithm before calculating, transfer toolbox finish, optimize, calculate and make all design variable value, compare optimization design result with looks of traditional design plan again, the conclusion drawn is: The volume reduces 17.91%, efficiency to improve by 0.45%. Third, the parameter value obtained by optimization design, use Pro/E software to draw out planet one, the centre one and outputting organizations three dimensional model of the decelerator. Consult the reference book materials, it is suitable with the spare part of this decelerator to choose, for instance: Oil cup, spiral shell fill enclosing, bearing,etc. in, seal, and then assembled every spare part picture by Pro/E and become an intact structure.Fourth, do the theoretical mechanics research on the important component (The steel ball and planetary disk) of the reducer, calculating the magnitude of contacting force of planetary disk with each ball, finding the biggest point which is the maximum contacting force position, using Pro/E software do a simplified treatment for graph and doing an analysis by ANSYS. Through contact mechanics analysis by ANSYS showed that, ANSYS analysis and theoretical calculation values differ 2.23% which is in the permission range, it also proves the correctness of the mechanical analysis of this paper.【关键词】摆线钢球 少齿差 多目标优化 ANSYS 接触分析【英文关键词】Cycloid steel ball Small teeth number difference Multi-objective optimization ANSYS Contact analysis【目录】摆线钢球行星减速器优化设计及有限元分析摘要5-6ABSTRACT6-7第一章 绪论10-161.1 目的及意义101.2 摆线钢球行星减速器国内外研究现状10-121.2.1 摆线钢球行星减速器概述10-111.2.2 国内外研究现状11-121.3 优化设计理论12-131.4 接触分析研究概状13-141.5 本文研究内容14-16第二章 摆线钢球行星减速器优化设计16-312.1 摆线钢球行星减速器优化设计的数学模型16-272.1.1 选取设计变量16-172.1.2 建立目标函数17-202.1.3 确定约束条件20-272.2 优化算法选择27-282.3 应用MATLAB 遗传算法工具箱进行优化计算28-302.3.1 非线性约束优化问题数学模型282.3.2 Matlab 优化函数282.3.3 Matlab 遗传算法工具箱应用28-302.4 小结30-31第三章 减速器三维实体造型31-373.1 零部件设计及选择31-323.2 绘制行星盘和中心盘三维图形32-353.3 绘制装配图35-363.4 小结36-37第四章 行星盘与钢球的接触分析37-534.1 有限元法和ANSYS 概述374.2 基于ANSYS 的接触分析37-414.2.1 接触