历年高考试题省略考点重点.doc

高考中的省略 省略是英语中尤其是英语口语中使用非常普遍的一种语言现象。采用省略形式是为了避免重复，使表达更加简洁和明了。在高考英语试题的很多考查点中都出现涉及省略现象的试题，如非谓语动词、连词、从句、情景理解、比较结构等考查题均可以通过省略句的相关知识加以解决。下面结合各年高考试题对省略考点进行归纳和分析：一、语境省略语境省略主要体现在很多情景对话的考试题目中。语境对话中的很多答句信息往往是在对话上文中就出现过的，在答话的一方就没有必要重复对方的信息，但要注意答为所问且逻辑要一致。很多情景类考试题可以通过补全法得到解答。如：【陕西卷】Have you finished your first paper? _. Just half of it. How about you? A. Not at all B. Not likely C. Not a bit D. Not yet 【天津卷】Do you mind my taking this seat? _. A.Yes, sit down pleaseB.No, of course not C.Yes, take it please D.No, you cant take it 二、省略比较结构在上下文含义明了的情况下，有时可以把一些形容词和副词比较结构中的重复信息省略掉，只保留关键信息。最常见的有省略比较结构中的形容词和副词或比较对象。如：【07陕西卷】Though he started late, Mr. Guo played the piano as well as, if_, Miss LiuA.not better thanB.not betterC.no better thanD.better【94全国卷】John plays football _, if not better than, David. A.as wellB.as well asC.so wellD.so well as【90卷】The pianos in the other shop will be_, but_.A. cheaper; not as betterB. more cheap; not as better C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good 三、省略状语从句 状语从句的省略也成为高考试题中的考查重心，很多状语从句可以通过省略变成非谓语动词考查题、连词考查题、情景对话考查题等形式，大家解题时要注意此类省略形式。 在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、让步状语从句、方式状语从句等从句中，如果从句内部的谓语动词为be+done, be+doing, be+adj , be+prep, be+to do且从句主语与主句主语相同，或者从句内部是it is/was结构，可以把从句内的主语和动词be省略，只保留引导词和从句内的非谓语动词、形容词或介词短语。解题时可以使用补全法进行推断。如：【09湖南卷】Every evening after dinner, if not_from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tiredB. tiring C. tired D. to be tired 【09江西卷】Some of you may have finished unit one. _, you can go on to unit two. A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so 【09全国卷II】All the dishes in this menu, _otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unless 状语从句的省略形式还有一种情况，就是把从句的引导词、从句主语和从句谓语的助动词be一起省略，这种形式叫“三省法”，通过这种方法省略下来的结果一般是非谓语形式。又如：【09天津卷】_by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A. Being encouraged B. EncouragingC. Encouraged D. Having encouraged四、省略定语从句如果定语从句的关系代词作主语，且从句为be+done, be+doing, be+adj, be+prep-ph等形式，可以把引导定语从句的关系代词who, which, that和定语从句中的动词be省略，只保留done，doing，adj.短语，prep.短语等形式。如：【97全国卷】The Olympic Games, _in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing五、省略宾语从句有时上文中某些信息可能在下文要以宾语形式重现，但为了避免重复，往往用省略形式。常见的有so型、notso型和not型。即I think/believe/suppose/hope/expect/so, I dont think/ believe/ suppose so, I think/believe/hope/guess/hope not和I am afraid not.如：【08福建卷】 Would you like to join us in the game?_, for I have something important to attend to. A. I will B. Id love to C. I wont D. Im afraid not【04江苏卷】- You havent lost the ticket, have you? - _. I know its not easy to get another one at the moment.A. I hope not B. Yes, I have C. I hope so D. Yes, Im afraid so注意：有些宾语从句不是省略整个从句，而是保留从句引导词，把其他部分省略。如：【98全国卷】Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I cant remember _.A. where B. there C. which D. that六、省略主句 有时可以把复合句中的主句省略，在答句中只保留从句。尤其是含状语从句的复合句经常出现省略主句的现象。如：【09山东卷】Shall we have our picnic tomorrow?_it doesnt rain. A. Until B. While C. Once D. If 【08辽宁卷】My name is Jonathan. Shall I spell it for you?_.A. If you dont mindB. Not at allC. Take it easyD. Nice to meet you七、省略句子的主语和谓语 在一些特殊情况下，可以根据上下文把句子中的主语、谓语及其相关部分省略，只保留一些关键词语。尤其是在情景对话中，此类试题很多。如：【04全国卷I】Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer? _? A. What for B. What is it C. How is it D. How come八、省略主语在某些情况下，句子主语也可以省略，只保留谓语及其后面的成分。这种现象在口语中经常出现。如：【06湖北卷】I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend. _good. A. Sound B. Sounded C. Sounding D. Sounds九、省略引导词宾语从句的引导词that和在定语从句中充当宾语的关系代词whom，which，that可以省略。另外，在虚拟条件句中若动词是had done, should do, were, were to do，则可以省略引导词if，把had，should，were置于句首，形成倒装。如：【06湖北卷】_ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be十、省略不定式结构有些不定式短语在下文重复时，要省略动词部分，只保留不定式符号。但如果被重复的不定式是to be, to have , to have been,则省略不定式时，要保留到to be和to have, to have been。如：【08全国卷I】Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?_, but I promised Nancy to go out with her. A. Id like to B. I like it C. I dont D. I will-Are you a writer?-_A. Yes, but I used to be B. NO, but I used to C. No. but I used to be -Will you join in the game?- Id be glad_I heard someone _in the next room.十一、省略谓语中的主要动词在某些对话中，答话者没有必要重复对方说到的谓语动词，直接采用省略形式，保留时态中的助动词。如：【07全国卷II】Tom, you didnt come to the party last night?I _, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. A. had to B. didnt C. was going toD. wouldnt 省略-历年高考试题1.The computer center,_ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. (93全国卷)A. openB. openingC. having openedD. opened2.The first textbooks_ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. (94全国卷)A. having written B. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written3.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_. (95全国卷)A. not toB. not to do C. not do itD. do not to 4.Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? Not at all. _.(95全国卷)A. Ive no timeB. Id rather not C. Id like itD. Id be happy to5.Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. (97全国卷) A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 6.When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (04全国卷II)A. introducingB. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced7. Lets go and have a good drink tonight._Have you got the first prize in the competition?( 04重庆卷)A. What for?B. Thanks a lot.C. Yes, Id like to.D. Why not?8.Will you be able to finish your report today?_.(06全国卷II) A. I like itB. I hope soC. Ill do soD. Id love it9.We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. (07全国卷I)A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with10.Tom, you didnt come to the party last night? I _, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.( 07全国卷II)A. had to B. didnt C. was going toD. wouldnt11.Dont take too much of the medicine; it does you more harm than good if you_.( 07江西卷)A. do B. take C. like D. have12. Do you know Annas telephone number?_. As a matter of fact, I dont know any Anna, either.(08全国卷II)A. I think so B. Im afraid notC. I hope so D. Id rather not13. Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? Yes, _, Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city.(08安徽卷)A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible14.Who should be responsible for the accident?The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order_.(08福建卷)A. as toldB. as are told C. as tellingD. as they told15.【2013福建】 Anyone, once _ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to be tested B. being tested C. tested