Introduction+to+Translation+Studies.ppt

IntroductiontoTranslationStudiesJuMiaoNankaiUniversity Chinesescholarsoftranslation 许钧南京大学 吕俊南京师范大学 廖七一四川外院 朱志渝香港理工 张南峰香港岭南 李运兴天津师范 林克难天津外国语 谢天振上海外国语 许渊冲北京大学 罗选民清华大学 谭载禧 刘宓庆 黄国文 张美芳 杨晓荣 Chinesejournalsoftranslation ChineseTranslators JournalForeignLanguagesandTheirTeachingForeignLanguagesForeignLanguagesTeachingandResearch TargetPerspectivesinTranslotologyTheTranslatorMetaBabel Initiatingquestions Whatwillmakeagoodtranslation Whatarefactorsinfluencingtranslation Whatwillmakeagoodtranslator Whatwillmakeupthetranslationcompetence WhatisMTIprogram MasterofTranslationandInterpretingWhyisMTIestablished Whatisthesocialbackground EconomicGlobalizationInformationTechnology Relatedchanges TheboomoftranslationalactivitiesTranslationcompany service industryLanguageserviceandindustryTranslationtechnologyTranslationtools software CAT LocalizationTerminologytechnicalwritingAdaptation editingTranslationrevisionAppliedtranslationstudiesAppliedtranslationtalents TranslationinstructionNewteachingmodelsforproducingappliedtranslationgraduatesTranslationeducationprofessionaltranslationeducation Neweducationalmodels AwayfromtheRelatedaspects Concepts objectivesCurriculumdesignMethodologiesFocuses ComprehensivequalitiesWideknowledgeProfessionalexpertiseVariouscompetencesGraduatesoftranslationfeaturedwithappliedknowledge operationalexperiences professionalskills Outline 1 Translation 2 Themodesoftranslationinthemodernworld3 Thenatureoftranslation4 Thehistoryoftranslation5 Translationapproaches methods 6 Translationcompetence7 Basicconceptsoftranslation8 Translationcriteria9 Factorsinfluencingtranslation10 Contextintranslation 11 Translationinstruction 12 ThefifthclimaxoftranslationinChina13 Translationtechnology14 Translationindustry services15 Translationqualityassessment Translation concept indefinite general activity behavior action process sourceside targetside result outcome product translatedversion Modesoftranslation Oral consecutiveinterpreting simultaneousinterpretingWrittenrenditions complete partialtranslationShifted sighttranslation dubbing subtitling surtitlingComputer aided tool software databases internet Definingtranslation Interlingual intralingual intersemiotic Interlingualtransfer Intercultural crossculturalcommunication Purposefulactivity socialaction Thehistoryoftranslation IntheWest Interpreting AlexandertheGreat 356 324BC theSpanishconquestofAmerica 1492 theCongressofVienna 1814 1815 theFirstWorldWar Written Arabictranslation Europeantranslation Antiquity Bibletranslation 1530 FromtheLutheranReformationtotheFrenchRevolution 1530 1790 theSecondWorldWar DecolonizationandtheColdWar 1945 1970 theexpansionoftheEuropeanUnion 1990 Dollerup2007 63 ThefourclimaxesoftranslationinChina OtherPPTfile Theoreticalmodelsoftranslation Linguisticperspective Comparative source oriented descriptionsonlinguisticformsandlevelsofthesourceandtargettexts semantic textual contextualanalyses microscopicview Descriptivestudies ontheproducts processes functions alltranslationalphenomena therealworldofourexperience macroscopicperspective analysis GermanFunctionalist texttypesandtheirfunctionspurpose oriented skopostheory communicativefunctionscommunicatorsandreceivers ThephilosophicaltheoriesoftranslationDeconstructionistapproachPhilosophicalhermeneutics traditional thehermeneuticcirclemodern Gadamar s3propositions Cognitiveapproachestotranslationprocess oriented thethinkingprocessmentalmechanisms problem solvinganddecision makingprocess strategies Methods strategies Literalvs freeSmunicative PeterNewmark Dynamicequivalence EugeneA Nida Documentaryvs instrumental ChristianeNord Domesticationvs foreignizationCompensation adaptation Techniquesofadjustment Addition deletion增译与减译Adjustmentofword sentenceorder语序调整Division combination分译与合译Positive negativestatement正译与反译 Abstract specific抽象与具体 specificationofreference Shiftofperspective视角转换Shiftofpartsofspeech voices词类转换与语态转换Amplification implicit explicit 阐释 Repetition重复Antithesis对偶Paraphrase释译Notes注释 TranslationCompetence Cognitivecompetenceintuition conception inference analysis analogy reasoning anticipation association differentiation comparison logicalthinking memory penetration correction informationprocessing creativity intention Linguisticcompetencegrammatical syntactical lexicalexcellence semanticstructure pragmaticrelevancy synthesisoperation interlingualadjustment transfermechanism expressiveness selection rhetoric stylistic thematic culturalawareness sensitivity awarenessofdifferences Communicativecompetenceknowledgeofthecraft skills techniques strategies operationalprocedures applicationoftechnology translationtools performanceinsyntacticalform referentialaccuracy contextualappropriateness knowledgeoftheworld objects subject domainknowledgecommunicativepartner participantssocial situational culturalcontextspurpose functioncreative receptive adaptive productivesub competences 翻译行业与MTI教育需求研究 通过国内外翻译行业调研及现实翻译活动过程观察 目前职业译者应具备的职业能力如下 1 基本语言转换能力或翻译技巧 2 各类文体的处理能力 阅读 分析 翻译 写作 改编 3 特定专业或学科领域知识 专业术语 概念体系 4 各类专业或学科领域的文本处理能力 5 文本审校能力 错误辨析和改正 文本润色 6 公关能力 与客户交涉能力 与翻译公司领导沟通能力 与其他译员沟通能力 与校改人员沟通能力 与专业技术专家和人员沟通的能力 7 文献查找 利用 储备和管理能力 包括印刷版和电子版文献 8 术语学知识和术语翻译能力 基本术语知识 术语管理 术语库知识 术语标准化 术语翻译 9 行业规范 译文质量标准和各翻译协会规范等知识 10 与翻译工作相关的法律法规知识 包括著作权 消费者权益保障 保密 工商税务等方面 11 翻译行业知识 包括行业发展状况 翻译行业需求和薪酬标准等 12 翻译公司管理和运作知识 13 团队翻译协作能力 14 基本计算机知识 数据库知识和计算机操作能力 15 办公软件使用能力 Office系列和WPS等 16 翻译软件使用能力 电子词典软件 金山词霸 有道桌面词典和灵格斯词典等 自动全文翻译软件 Logomedia Systran 金山快译和雅信 计算机辅助翻译软件 CAT Trados SDLX DejaVuX 17 网络交流工具软件使用 腾讯QQ MSN WindowsMessenger等 18 基本互联网知识和网络资源使用能力 19 Foxmail Outlook等邮件收发软件使用 20 本地化能力 网页设计和制作能力 计算机编程能力 多媒体课件制作 多媒体后期制作和数字化能力 本地化软件使用 21 职业道德 职业声誉和心理素质等 Basictheoreticalconcepts Semanticanalysis linguisticmeaningofforms grammaticalstructures referentialmeaning dictionary extralinguistic situational emotivemeaning extralinguistic somatic behavioral connotative contextual Linguisticstructures levels lexemes syntax discourseKnowledge Declarative subject domain world information Proceedural operational professionalskills Languagefunctions Expressive informative vocative aesthetic metalingualdirective phatic Textfunctions Narrative descriptive expository arguementive Texttypesandfunctions ExpositorytextLiterarytextScientifictextLegislativetextNewstextFinancial economictextBusiness tradetextPoliticaltext Functionsoftexttypes Toprovideinformation knowledgeTogiveinstruction guidanceToconveyideas feelingsToarouseemotion toappealtotheheartTopersuade convincetherecipientToadvocate direct Textandtextuality textualfeatures IntentionalityAcceptabilitySituationalityInformativityCoherenceCohesionintertextuality Intentionality Thestructureofthetextreflectstheintention aimfortheinteraction Acceptability Thetextpossessesparticulartextualfeaturesinordertobeaccepted Situationality Thetextisembeddedinthediscretecommunicativesetting Informativity Informationistransferredinthecommunicativesituation providinganunderstanding knowledgeunknowntothetargetreceiversbefore Coherence Thepropertyatextassumesforitslogicalstructureoftheinformationcontents coherenceofideasandsentences Cohesion Thelinguisticsurfaceofthetextiscoherentlyconnected bytransitionalwords connectives Intertextuality Thetexthasthepropertyofbeinglikeothertextsofthiskind paralleltextsintranslation Contextintranslation Broadcontext Contextofculture Contextofsituation location occasion theme subject topic communicators author reader translator initiator patron publisher Communicators communicativepurpose psychologicalelements thinkingmode viewpoint attitude mood background education expectation status moral value concept ethics Location occasion time place geographicalsituation historicalperiod socialfactors tradition customs convention ideology religion Narrowcontext Linguistic textualelementsLogicalrelationsTextualfeatures characteristicsTexttypeandstyle TranslationCriteria YanFu sthree word principle Faithfulness expressiveness eleganceFuLei sspirituallikenessQian sHuajingAlexandarTytler threelaws principles Thatthetrans