高考英语全国卷短文改错题型解题方法指导课件.ppt

短文改错 1 考点设置之名词 命题特点 本来用复数 却用单数 改正方法 1 根据名词前的修饰限定成份 2 根据上下文的逻辑关系 详解 1 shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess schoolmate改为schoolmates 2 afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce stranger改为strangers 3 theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothati llgetmarksinallmysubject subject改为subjects 4 onthewayupiwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful picture改为pictures 5 thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhilestudyingatschool advantage改为advantages 6 hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests ideas改为idea 7 ilookedathisotherhands hands改为hand 2 考点设置之代词 命题特点 1 女性代词指代男性或相反 2 单数指代复数 3 代词词性误用 改正方法 联系上下文的逻辑关系 代词的错误特点 1 人称代词的偷换错误2 缺少人称代词的错误 3 人称代词数的一致问题4 人称代词格的一致问题 详解 1 thesmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome his改为their 2 ihaveagoodfriendwho snameisliumei who s改为whose 3 itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain thethreeofthemwereveryexcited them改为us 4 soonibegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasiwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleenglish me改为myself 5 onedayiwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher showed后加it 6 somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse our改为their 3 考点设置之介词 命题特点及改正方法 介词涉及搭配错误 因此可从以下方面确定错误 1 介词的基本用法 2 习惯搭配 3 动词词类确定错误 如talk serve wait等 介词短语常常考 固定搭配要记牢 介词后边跟宾语 结合语境细推敲 详解 1 wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether 去掉about 2 iwassotiredthatifellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow 去掉at 3 themainproblemwasinthatialwaysthoughtinchineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoenglish 去掉was后的in 4 we lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner with改为about 5 iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp with改为for 6 hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard glass后加in 7 eachtheselinesstandsforatroubleinmylife each后加of 4 考点设置之时态 命题特点及改正方法 动词的时态和语态的误用现在时与过去时的误用 句中一般没有时间状语 每年都考 要注意联系上下文 着眼于整个语篇的时态 通常整篇都是过去 突然一个句子用现在时 其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多 详解 1 theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothat did改为do 2 thetimepassesquickly eveningcame passes改为passed 3 shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass reads改为read 4 idon tknowthattheydon tliketotalkwithme sometimes wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass talked改为talk 5 iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether take改为took 6 wehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinab bhotelago have改为had 7 growingupisnoteasy sometimesallthatisneedissomeonetorelyon 解析 need needed语态的误用 此处应为被动语态 8 thebikeoutsidemyhouseisbelongedtotom 解析 去掉isbelongto无被动形式 5 and but or误用及前后不一致 命题特点 主要考查and or but so等并列连词的误用 改正方法 1 根据句意确定误 2 根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误 详解 1 sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme but改为and 2 itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest and改为or 3 thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood and改为but 4 icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight but改为and 5 wefedmonkeys visitingtemplesandtoldstories visiting改为visited 6 shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass reads改为read 6 考点设置之从句连词 命题特点及改正方法 句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等 解答这类题从以下方面来思考 1 句子结构是否完整 成份是否冗缺 2 复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等 详解 1 itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain noon后加when 2 idon tknowthattheydon tliketotalkwithme that改为why 3 themainproblemwasinthatialwaysthoughtinchineseandtriedtotranslateeverythingintoenglish 去掉that前的in 4 earningtheirownmoneyallowsthemtospendonanythingasiftheyplease 去掉if 5 theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning 去掉that 7 考点设置之冠词命题特点及改正方法 英语中冠词只有三个 只能从以下几个方向出题 1 不定冠词a和an互改 2 不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改 3 根据需要增删冠词 详解 1 aseveryoneknows it sfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals famous前加a 2 wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof but a改为the 3 onthursdayiwillhavetodecidewhatiwanttodooveraweekend a改为the 4 ihopeyou vehadpleasantjourneyhome had后加a 8 考点设置之形容词和副词 命题特点及改正方法 主要考查形容词和副词的误用 形容词及副词的比较级等 1 根据adj 或adv 的基本用法确定错误 2 修饰连系动词或名词用形容词 3 修饰行为动词 形容词 过去分词及整个句子用副词 详解 1 iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly quietly改为quiet 2 therehavebeenreportsinamericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes person改为personal 3 findinginformationonthenetiseasily easily改为easy 4 sowhatilearnedfromthejobwasmuchmoreimportantaswhatiearned as改为than 5 mypronunciationwasterribly terribly改为terrible 6 theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea lately改为late 9 考点设置之非谓语动词 命题特点改正方法 1 谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用 2 动词不定式和动名词的错用 3 现在分词和过去分词的错用等 详解 1 earningtheirownmoneyallowthemtospendonanythingastheyplease allow改为allows 2 myparentswilldoalltheycanmakesurethatigetagoodeducation make前加to 3 soonibegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasiwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleenglish talk改为talking 4 wefedmonkeys visitingtemplesandtoldstories visiting改为visited 5 somestudentsmayalsotosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse 去掉to 10 主谓不一致的错误1 butthenthereisalwaysmoremysteriestolookinto 解析 is are后面的mysteries为复数形式 2 nowmypictureandtheprizeishanginginthelibrary 解析 is are主语是mypictureandtheprize 故谓语动词应为复数 3 billwasstandingatthesideofthecar talkingtotwomenwhowashelpinghimtorepairit 解析 第二个was were先行词twomen是复数 因此定语从句的谓语动词也为复数 11 冗词的多用1 lastsummer iwenttobeijing myfirsttimetriptothecity 解析 去掉timetime一词多余