必修3+unit3语法名词性从句

NounClause 名词性从句 NounClauses 名词性从句 SubjectClause 主语从句 AppositiveClause 同位语从句 ObjectClause 宾语从句 PredicativeClause 表语从句 Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 名词性从句的作用相当于名词 因此主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语 表语 宾语和同位语 同位语从句 ConjunctionsofNounClauses 引导名词性从句的引导词 what who whom whose which wh ever that whether if asif asthough when where how why 主语从句 1 Thatshelefthimhurtshimsomuch 2 Whetheritwillpleasethemisnoteasytosay 3 Whatweneedismorepractice 4 Whenwewillbeginthemeetingisunderdiscussion that 只起引导作用 不充当成分 但不能省略 whether是否 在从句中不作成分 不能省略 what在从句中作主语 When在从句中作状语 注意 由that引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡 避免 头重脚轻 常用it作形式主语 而把从句放在后面 1 Thathewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible 2 Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice 常用句型 1 Itis n 从句Itisapity shamethat 遗憾的是 Itisasurprisethat 令人惊奇的是 Itisafactthat 是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat 是常识 很遗憾 welostthematch 这是事实 hecheatedintheexam Itisapitythat Itisafactthat 2 Itis adj 从句It scertainthat 肯定 Itispossiblethat 很可能 Itisunlikelythat 不可能 Itisobviousthat 很明显 Itisnecessary important natural that 很可能 shewillcomebacktomorrow 很明显 thismeasureiseffective should do Itispossiblethat Itisobviousthat 3 It 不及物动词 从句Ithappenedthat 碰巧 Itoccurredtomethat 我突然想起 刚好 Icameintotheofficeatthattime 我突然想起 Iforgettosenttheletter Ithappenedthat Itoccurredtomethat 4 It be 过去分词 从句Itissaidthat 据说 Itisknowntoallthat 众所周知 Itisreportedthat 据报道 Itisbelievedthat 据信 人们相信 Itissuggestedthat should do 建议 Itmustbeadmittedthat 必须承认 Itcannotbedeniedthat 不可否认 Itmustbepointedoutthat 需指出的是 据报道 20peoplewerekilledintheaccident 建议 weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise Itisreportedthat Itissuggestedthat 1 Idecided that Iwouldgototheparty 2 Idon tknowif whetherhewillcomebacktomorrow 3 Iwanttoknowhowithappened 4 Hewaslisteningtowhattheteachersaid 宾语从句 WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday 2 Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein 注意 it常可以放在动词think find consider believe feel make等后作为形式宾语 真正的宾语 that从句则放在句尾 我们觉得很奇怪 shedidn tgotoschooltoday Wethinkitstrangethat 常见的系动词分为三种 A 表示特征和状态 be look sound taste smell seem appear等 B 表示由一类状态转为另一类状态 get become grow turn fall go come run等 C 表示某种状态的 remain keep prove rest continue stay等 三 表语从句 1 Thetroubleis that Ihavelosthisaddress 2 Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus 3 Thatiswhathehasdone 4 Theproblemremainshowtogetsomefinancialsupport 4 同位语从句 同位语从句是对与其同位的名词作进一步解释 说明名词的具体内容 大多数同位语从句由从属连词that whether how when where why 引导 不能省略 常跟以下抽象名词后 fact news idea reason hope belief truth dream problem advice suggestion thought order doubt answer reply 1 Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinionthatallmatterconsistsofatoms 2 WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome 3 HeoftenasksmethisquestionwhenTomwillcomebackfromAmerican 1 Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue 同位语从句 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息 that虽不作成分 但不能省略 2 Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue 定语从句 起修饰作用 说明到底是哪一个消息 that在从句中作told的宾语 可以省略 注意 同位语从句与定语从句区别 注意1 that what的辨用 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 4 Hetoldus hefeltill 5 Theresultis wewonthegame 6 Thisis wewanttoknow 7 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon 8 Thefact sheworkshardiswellknowntousall What That what what what that that that Rules 1 that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 只起连接作用2 what除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中充当成分 可做从句的主语 宾语 或表语 注意2 whether与if的辨用 1 Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem 2 Itremainsaproblemwhether ifitistrue 3 Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney 4 Ididn tknowwhethertolaughortocry 5 Idon tknowwhether ifitisrightornot Rules 1 在前置的主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句中 只能用whether 2 在有形式主语it 其后为真正的主语从句中 whether if都可以用 3在vt 后的宾语从句中 whether if均可 4 跟在discuss后的宾语从句只用whether5 与ornot或todo连用时 只用whether6 介词后面的宾语从句中只用whether 找出各句中的从句 指出是何种从句 并翻译成汉语1 Idon tknowifIcandoit 2 Whatheisdoingseemsverydifficult 3 Theimportantthingishowwecanimproveourstudies 4 MrLialwaysthinksofhowhecandomoreforthepeople 5 Thenewsthatshewaspretendingtobesickwaswhisperedfromonetoanother 6 That swhatyouaregoingtodofirst 7 It llbedecidedattheclassmeetingwhoistobethemonitorofourclass 8 Whenthesportsmeetistobeheldisstillunderdiscussion 9 Iwassurprisedatwhathesaid 10 HegavemethenewsthatsomeAmericanswillvisitourschooltomorrow Practicetime if whether1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 Idon tknow heiswellornot 3 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 4 Ithasn tbeendecided weshallattendthemeeting 5 We reworriedabout heissafe 6 Thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 Idon tknow togoortostayathome whether if whether whether whether whether whether whether whether if Translatet