学术英语(一)unit4重点词汇

Discussthewords meaning Exercise1 Exercise2 Exercise3 Discussthewords meaning perspective aparticularwayofthinkingaboutsomethingorviewingsomethingThespeakergaveusaninsider sperspectiveoffoodsafety Readthesentencesbelowandusecontexttowritethedefinitionsoftheunderlinedwords Onewordhasbeendoneforyou e g outrage Thepublicwereoutragedatthesuccessivecampusshooting ThecitizensfeltoutragedattheirresponsibleremarksmadebythememberoftheParliament Outrage canalsobeusedasannoun e g widespreadoutrageinternationaloutragepublicoutragemoraloutrageinoutrage tomakesomebodyshockedorangry Discussthewords meaning 广泛的愤慨 国际义愤 公愤 义愤 愤怒地 Note perpetrator Itisreportedthattheprincipalperpetratorofthecrimewasfinallycaughtbypoliceinasmallvillage Similarly Itakeintoaccountthealcoholintakeofallfamilymembers notjustthatoftheperpetratoroftheabuse TextA Perpetrate istheverbform apersonwhocommitsacrimeordoessomethingwrongorevil Discussthewords meaning Note 3 marital Thecouplehasdecidedtogetadivorce Nowtheyareconsideringabouthiringalawyertohelpthemdividetheirmaritalassets Intensedrinkingbytheperpetratororthevictim spouse oftenleadstoincreasedmaritalconflict TextA Collocations maritalproblem connectedwithmarriageorwiththerelationshipbetweenahusbandandwife Discussthewords meaning 婚姻问题 Discussthewords meaning maritaldiscordmaritalbreakdownmaritalagreementmaritalautonomymaritalcrimemaritalstatus 夫妻不和 婚姻破裂 婚姻协议 婚姻自主 权 婚姻上的犯罪 婚姻状况 4 project Heprojectedhisguiltunconsciouslyonhispartner Universally allabusers whetherhittersordrinkers projectblameontoothers It snotmyfault TextA Exercise Whatdoes project meanineachofthefollowingsentences transferanemotionordesiretoanotherperson especiallyunconsciously Discussthewords meaning Discussthewords meaning 1 Theyareprojectinganewplantforsewagetreatment 2 Thepopulationofthatcityisprojectedtorisetoonemillioninthenextfiveyears 3 Shewantstoprojectherselfmoreasafriendthanaleader 4 Lightprojectedhisshadowontothewall 5 Hetriedtoprojecthimselfintotheirsituation 6 Sharprocksareprojectingfromtheseasatthebaseofthecliffs 设计 规划 预计 展现 投射 设想处于 突出 伸出 5 tirade Theylaunchedintoatiradeagainstthegovernmentforitsinepthandlingofthenuclearcrisis Thepoliticiandeliveredanangrytiradeagainstthenewpolicyoftaxreduction alongangryspeechcriticizingsomebodyorsomething Discussthewords meaning 6 recrimination Graduallybothpartiesrealizedthatmutualrecriminationwilldonogoodtothesolutionoftheproblem Atthemeeting therewasaperiodofbitterrecrimination accusationsmadebytwopeopleortwogroupsofpeopleabouteachother sbehavior Discussthewords meaning intoxicate Hehasnocapacityforliquor oneglassofwineisenoughtointoxicatehim PeterwasarrestedforDWL drivingwhileintoxicated Intoxicate canalsomean toexcitesb greatly e g Shewasintoxicatedwithsuccess tocausetolosecontrolofone sbehaviorbecauseofalcoholdrinkoradrug Discussthewords meaning Note 8 norm Manychildrenwhowitnessabusefalselytakeviolenceasanormandexpectitintheirownadultrelationships StrikesarethenorminsomeEuropeancountries Collocations acceptednormethicalnormsocialnorm asituationorapatternofbehaviorthatisusualorexpected Discussthewords meaning 接受的规范 公认的标准 伦理规范 社会规范 Discussthewords meaning statisticalnormfamilynormconformtothenormbreakthenormdeviatefromthenormabovethenormbelowthenorm 统计学标准 家庭规范 符合规范 违规 偏离常态 高于标准 低于标准 9 symptom Thedrugwillhelprelieveyoursymptomsofallergy Symptomsofthiskindofdiseaseincludefeverandstomachache Collocations typicalsymptomchronicsymptomacutesymptom achangeinone sbodyormindthatshowsthathe sheisnothealthy Discussthewords meaning 典型症状 慢性病症 急性病症 Discussthewords meaning intermittentsymptomseveresymptommildsymptomphysicalsymptommentalsymptompsychologicalsymptomdisplay have exhibitsymptomdevelopsymptomaggravatesymptomidentifythesymptomrelievesymptom 间歇性病症 严重的症状 轻微的症状 身体上的症状 心智上的症状 心理上的症状 呈现症状 出现症状 加剧症状 识别症状 缓解症状 10 instigate Thefightingsbetweenthetwocountrieswereinstigatedbytheterritorydispute Itwouldbeunwisetoinstigateamilitaryattack Instigate canalsomean incitesbtodosthbad e g Heinstigatedthetwopartiestofight tocausesomethingbadtohappen Discussthewords meaning Note 11 imbibe Theyusedtoimbibecansofbeerintheopenairatnight Itisreallydangerousifyouimbibealotbeforedriving Note Imbibe means absorbsth especiallyinformation inthefollowingsentence HeimbibedmuchknowledgeofEnglishhistoryfromthesebooks todrinksomethingespeciallyalcohol Discussthewords meaning Note 12 ambiguous Theambiguousnatureofmanylegislativeactsrequiresclarificationbythecourts Shedeliberatelygaveanambiguousaccountofwhathappenedthatnight nothavingoneobviousmeaning confusing Discussthewords meaning 13 mediate Thegovernmentmediatedbetweentheworkersandtheemployers Theyattemptedtomediatebetweenthewarringcountriestoendthefighting Mediation isthenounform tointerveneinadisputebetweentwogroupsofpeopleinordertobringaboutagreement Discussthewords meaning Note 14 harbor Thecriminalmayharborhatredagainsthisneighbor Heharboredagrudgeagainsthisboss tokeepfeelingsorthoughts especiallynegativeonesinone smindforalongtime Discussthewords meaning 15 intimidate Thekidnapperintimidatedhimintopayingaransomof 50000forhislittleboy Heintimidatedhisneighborintosilence Morerelatedwordsinthefamily tofrightenorthreatensomebodyinordertomakehimdowhatonewants Discussthewords meaning Note intimidationintimidatorintimidatoryintimidatingly 16 pent up Withoutanoutlet herpent updiscontentofhermarriagelifemighteventuallygrowtoformabnormalpsychology Hefinallyfoundachancetoreleasehispent upemotion offeelings energy etc thatcannotbeexpressedorreleased Discussthewords meaning 17 accommodate Thenewcomersofthecompanyneedtoaccommodatetothenewworkingenvironment Heaccommodatedhimselfeasilytothenewschedule Accommodate means providesbwitharoomorplacetosleep liveorsit inthefollowingsentence Theauditoriumcanaccommodate3000people tochangeone sbehaviorinordertodealwithanewsituationbetter Discussthewords meaning Note 18 distortion Theyareinaragewiththemedia sreportwhichisconsideredtobefullofdistortionsofthefacts Hisaccountoftheincidenthasbeencondemnedforagrossdistortionofthetruth thechangingofthemeaningorpurposeofsomethingintosomethingthatonedisapprovesof Discussthewords meaning 19 milieu Themunicipalgovernmenttriedtocreateamilieuconducivetothetechnologicalinnovation Thisrestructuringoffamilylifeestablishesamilieuthattoleratesandaccommodatestoviolence socialenvironmentonelivesin Discussthewords meaning 20 syndrome Itisararesyndromeinwhichtheproductionofwhitebloodcellsisdamaged Thissyndromemainlyaffectedpeopleoversixties asetofphysicalconditionsthatshowonehasaparticulardiseaseormedicalproblem Discussthewords meaning 21 irritability Thebosssometimesdisplaysirritabilitytowardshissubordinatesovertrifles Apartfromoccasionalirritabilitywiththechild heprovedhimselfagoodhusbandandfather badtempter atendencytobeeasilyannoyed Discussthewords meaning 22 illusory Theyounggraduatehasanillusoryhopethathewillfindawell paidjobsoon Peopleinthatcountryhadanillusorysenseoffreedomandsecurity Exercise Canyoulistsomeotherwordswiththesimilarmeaningas illusory notreal althoughseemingtobe Discussthewords meaning imaginary unreal fanciful deceptive delusive 23 property Oneofthephysicalpropertiesofthemetalistoexpandwithheatandcontractwithcold Thepupilsarecomparingthechemicalpropertiesofthesetwosubstances Property alsomeans possessions e g Heinheritedconsiderablepropertyfromhisgrandfather aqualityorcharacteristicsthatsomethinghas Discussthewords meaning Note Note 24 abstinent Thedoctorstronglyadvisedthepatienttobeabstinentfromalcohol Experiencesuggeststhisisnotthecase abstinentandrecoveringsubstanceabusersarewell representedindomesticviolencecourtsandbatterers programs TextB refrainingfromanactivityorfromtheconsumptionofsomething especiallyalcohol Discussthewords meaning 25 divergent Itseemstherearealwaysdivergentviewsonthesehotissues Capitalandlaborhavedivergentinterests tendingtodiffer Discussthewords meaning 26 cognitive Scientistsaretryingtounderstandtheprocessofchildren scognitivedevelopment Thiscognitivemodelofchildrenlearningtheirfirstlanguageisrathercomplex connectedwithmentalprocessesofunderstanding Discussthewords meaning 27 intervention Thechildwouldhavesufferedfromcontinuousabusebutfortheinterventionofthepolice Stateinterventionineconomysometimesisinevitable Collocations timelyinterventionpersonalintervention gettinginvolvedinordertoinfluenceasituationinsomeway Discussthewords meaning 及时干预 亲自介入 Discussthewords meaning armedinterventionforeigninterventionlegalinterventionjudicialinterventionsurgicalinterventionhumaninterventionpoliticalinterventionactiveintervention 武装干涉 外国的干涉 法律干预 司法介入 外科手术治疗 人为干预 政治干预 积极介入 28 cumulative Peopleinthatareahavesufferedheavilyfromthecumulativeeffectofincessantfloodingtheseyears TheKaufmanKantorandMurrayStrausstudymeasuredonlywhetherthebattererorvictimhadbeendrinkingatthetimeoftheviolence use nottheirdrinkingpatternorthecumulativeeffectsofdrinking abuse TextB increasinginquantity degree orforcebysuccessiveadditions Discussthewords meaning 29 erosion Peopleinthatcountryareworryingaboutthegradualerosionoftheircivilliberties Theerosionofthepassivefemalestereotypeislikelytoresultinmorewomenbeingchargedandconvictedofoffencesgenerally TextC thegradualdestructionorremovalofpower rights etc Discussthewords meaning 30 domineer Shehadanunhappychildhoodbecauseherfatherwasacoldanddomineeringman Theyfinallygotdivorcedbecausethehusbanddomineersoverthewifeandthechildren assertone swilloveranotherinanarrogantway Discussthewords meaning Discussthewords meaning 2 2 Findmorewordsofeachwordfamily Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou abuser abusive abusively abusiveness abusage contributing contribution contributor contributable exposure exposition expositional expositor expository identifiable identification identified identity unidentifiable normally abnormal abnormally normality normalness Discussthewords meaning evidence evidential evidentially evidently evidentness inhibited inhibiting inhibition inhibitive inhibitory inhibitor stressed stressful unstressed stressor stabilise stability stabilised unstable instability stabilisation established establishing establishment disestablished disestablishment establisher Discussthewords meaning intensely intenseness intensification intensified intensify intension intensity intensive intensively motivate motivated motivating motivation unmotivated domestically domesticate domesticated domesticating domestics analysed analyser analysing analysis analyst internally internalize internalization internalized Discussthewords meaning conception conceptual conceptualisation conceptualise conceptualised conceptualising conceptually eliminated eliminating elimination eliminative eliminator definable defined defining definition redefine redefined redefining undefined constructed constructing construction constructive reconstruct reconstructed reconstructing reconst