浅谈建筑工程测量定位的控制方法.doc

to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground . Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload,stavebn tm vdce mst een. een by mlo zahrnovat analzu rizik, monost nehod charakteristik a nouzovch postup, nouzov zpracovn a obsah opaten. 4, integrovan pohotovostn plny, speciln havarijn plny a mst een by mly bt mezi sebou a s ostatnmi jednotky zapojeny v nouzi, kter jsou vzjemn propojeny. 5, havarijn pln by ml zahrnovat havarijn personl a organizace kontakt, nouzov rezervn seznam a dal informace. Informace by mly bt pravideln aktualizovny a zajist, e informace jsou pesn a platn. tyi, havarijn pln revize 1, Recenze pohotovostn plny pezkoumn formul a prvky pezkumu a opaten pijatch dvma zpsoby. Kdy host slou pedevm pro havarijn plny pro zznam v podob Recenze, prvek hodnocen pro nouzov hodnocen. . Kd pro porn ochranu konstrukce budov a nsk republice ny exploze nebezpen oblasti elektrick bezpenostnch pedpis a pedpis o porn ochranu design rafinaci ropy a chemickch podnik, napklad poadavky na pedpisech a nazench. 2. pi provdn instalace me zpsobit por, exploze, kter sti by mly bt pln nastaven peht, petlaku, micch pstroj, alarm (zvuk a svtla). 3. kde je holav plyn (pra) me unikat , holav plyn koncentrac detekce, alarm by mla bt nastavena. 4. vechny komunikoval s holav, vbun zazen s inertnm plynem, plynov penosov potrub, by mla bt nastavena zabrnit holavch a vbunch ltek do zazen, ale nemla bt samostatn zptn ventil. 5. holav plyn (pra) nastavit plamen svodi odvzduovac vvod, snadno pracovat, kde se zastavit ventily, aby pi vstupn vtrac potrub je v plamenech, peruil por plynu odvzduovac potrub ml bt nainstalovn v nejni hasicho zazen. 6. kdy dopravu holavch materil by mla odpovdat prmru potrub a stedn mrn odpor, sprvn zen prtoku, co nejvce se vyhnout statick elektiny. Antistatick opaten, jako jsou zazen, potrub, by mlo bt v souladu s technickmi pedpisy pro uzemnn design pro chemick podniky pslunch ustanoven. 7. nhl vbun petlaku nebo rychlho rozkladu vrobnch zazen nebo skladovacch zazen by mly bt vybaveny vbuchu (nevbun membrna), vvoz nonel trubice smrem k bezpenosti a aby prevence sekundrnch exploz, protiporn opaten. 8. vrobnthe principle of simplified EIA of construction projects in the region. In terms of land, linked to the implementation of urban and rural construction land increase and decrease, replacement indicators for priority areas project. Charges, into the projects of water, electricity, administrative charges and preferential policies. In the area of taxation, and settled in areas of industry and its production company, within 5 years after the completion of fiscal incentives to enterprises. In terms of financing, integration of land, tax, financial and other resources, and construct Government credit + business credit credit system, establishment of marketization, commercialization and modernization of the investment and financing platform; effective Bank-enterprise docking, encourages private capital into the Park, to raise industry development fund. 5, optimize the environment and service industries. To create policy lowlands, Highlands, integrity of service land, development land as the goal, to optimize the area under development environment. All administrative law enforcement departments to appoint a full-time personnel stationed in areas dedicated to coordinating and solving problems associated with businesses in this sector. When there are substantial issues, sector leaders arranged to personally intervene, in-person, in-person push tangible area building a green light, easy line. To further reduce and standardize administrative examination and approval items, simplify examination and approval links, improve efficiency; according to the .Since the educational practice of the mass line of the party, himself seriously in the education, practical control central eight rules and opposing the four winds and practicing three Suns, and check the spirit of Jiao Yulu, ideology, solicit opinions based on outstanding problems checked swing, careful analysis and reflection. Will now check report is as follows: first, adherence to the partys political discipline, eight in the central provision, change the style of the basic situation of 1, in compliance with the partys political disciplines. Conscientiously abide by the partys political discipline, abide by the Constitution and the rules and regulations of the party, in the political, ideological and maintain highly consistent with the CPC Central Committee on the action, there is no violation of the partys political discipline problems. 2, in the implementation of the central authorities of the eight provisions. Improving research, improving research methods, but there are less grass-roots units, primary first-hand an inadequate grasp of the problem, which is to be strengthened in the future. Second, construction, strictly in accordance with the provisions to streamline and improve the quality of meetings of the Conference. Third, streamlining file briefs, culture involves all aspects of propaganda and ideology, sometimes due to the practical needs of invention notifications, this area needs further浅谈建筑工程测量定位控制方法 摘要 随着经济的发展，各类建筑层出不穷，复杂的造型增加了工程测量定位的难度，如果不重视，会给工程施工增加很多问题。希望通过分析工程实例测量定位，提高建筑物工程测量定位水平。 关键词 测量；控制；建筑工程；定位 中图分类号 TV52 文献标识码 B 文章编号 10067175(2011)05009803盛恒基大楼工程位于哈尔滨市松北区龙兴路78号，地处三环以外。建筑场地面积1 761 m。，首层面积1 809 m ，总建筑面积29 052 m ，分主楼和裙房(裙房主要为地下环形车道)，主楼地下1层，地上16层，结构形式为全现浇框架一简体结构。本文针对此工程进行分析，提出了一些具体的测量控制方法。l 编制依据(1)工程测量规范(GB 5002693)。(2)建筑工程施工测量规程(DBJ 012195)。(3)建筑工程资料管理规程(DBJ 01512003)。(4)建设工程监理规程(DBJ 01412002)。(5)设计图纸。根据以上规范、规程关于混凝土结构的工程设计施工验收对施工精度的有关要求，本着“技术先进，确保质量”的原则，制定本施工测量方案，确保圆满完成本工程的施工测量任务。2 测量准备施工测量准备工作是保证施工测量全过程顺利进行的重要环节，包括图纸的审核，测量定位依据点的交接与校核，测量仪器的检定与校核，测量方案的编制与数据准备，施工场地测量等。(1)检查各专业图的平面位置标高是否有矛盾，预留洞口是否有冲突，发现问题及时向有关人员反映，以便及时解决。(2)对所有进场的仪器设备及人员进行初步调配，并对所有进场的仪器设备重新进行检定。3 场区平面控制网的测设31 场区平面控制网布设原则及要求(1)平面控制应先从整体考虑，遵循先整体、后局部，高精度控制低精度的原则。(2)轴线控制网的布设要根据设计总平面图、现场施工平面布置图等进行。(3)控制桩必须用混凝土保护，需要时用钢管进行围护，并用红油漆作好测量标记。32 场区平面控制网的布设(1)建筑物四角桩的校测。根据甲方提供的总平面布置图和北京测绘院所定建筑四角桩，测量人员使用TOPCON一601全站仪，依据总平面布置图对建筑物四角桩进行角度、距离校核，然后将测量结果报知监理。(2)轴线控制桩的测设。测量技术人员依据结构平面图上有关柱、墙体、洞口详细位置关系确定建筑物需要定位的主轴线，然后以建筑物四角桩为基准，采用极坐标或直角坐标定位放样的方法，确定出建筑物主轴线的控制桩，并对轴线控制桩进行角度、距离校测。校核无误作为本工程建筑物的轴线控制网。轴线控制网示意图见图1，(3)轴线控制网的精度技术指标应符合表1的规定。 4 高程控制网的建立41 高程控制网的布设(1) 为保证建筑物竖向施工的精度要求，在场区内应布设3个水准控制点，建立高程控制网。(2)水准点应布设在通视良好的位置，距离基坑边线15 m。(3)高程控制网的精度，不低于三等水准网的精度。42 高程控制网的等级及观测技术要求(1)高程控制网的等级为三等，水准测量技术要求如表2。(2) 水准观测主要技术指标见表3。5 施工测量51 平面控制测量本工程各建筑物000以上的轴线传递，按激光经纬仪内控接力传递法进行。511 内控点布设平面内控点的布设，要根据施工流水段的划分进行，每一流水段至少布设2个点(其中首段应布设3个点，以作垂直校测)，作为该流水段的测量控制点。本工程内控点布置示意图见图2(实际布点根据具体流水段划分确定)：512 埋件的埋设在首层底板浇筑混凝土之前，在内控点位置上预先埋设铁件并与楼板钢筋焊接牢固。以后在各层施工浇筑混凝土顶板时，在垂直对应控制点位置上预留出 150 mm孔洞，以便轴线向上投测。513 预埋件作法预埋铁件由100 mm X 100 IrllTl x 8 mm厚钢板制作而成，在钢板下面焊接 12钢筋，且与底板焊接浇筑。见图3。514 控制点的测设待预埋件埋设完毕后，将内控点所在纵横轴线分别投测到预埋铁件上，并用TOPCON 601全站仪进行测角、测边校核，精度合格后作为平面控制依据。内控网的精度不低于轴线控制网的精度。内控点见图4。515 激光接收靶激光接收靶由300 mm300 mnl5 mm有机玻璃板制作而成，接收靶上由不同半径的同心圆及正交坐标线组成。见图5。52 内控点竖向投测首先将TDJ2激光经纬仪安置在已作好的控制点上，对中整平后，打开竖轴补偿器，置竖直度盘为0。00 00”，仪器发射激光束，穿过楼板预留洞而直射到激光接收靶上，施工层人员指挥激光经纬仪操作员调焦形成小红点，然后操作员匀速转动仪器，使激光点在接收靶上形成圆圈，使靶交点与圆圈中心重合，此时固定靶位，接收靶中心即控制点位置。轴线投测时，测量人员互相之间用对讲机进行联络。见图6。(1)轴线竖向投测的允许误差，见表4。(2)作业层轴线、细部线放样。轴线控制点投测到施工层后，将经纬仪分别置于各点上，检查相邻点间夹角是否为90。，然后用检定过的50 m钢尺校测每相邻两点间水平距离，检查控制点是否投测正确。控制点投测正确后依据控制点与轴线的尺寸关系放样出轴线。轴线测放完毕并自检合格后，以轴线为依据，依图纸设计尺寸放样出柱边线、洞口边线等细部线。 53 高程的传递(1)从高程控制点将高程引测到首层便于向上竖直量尺处，校核合格后作为起始标高线，并弹出墨线，用红油漆标明高程数据。(2)标高竖向传递的允许误差见表5。6 测量技术资料编制、管理本工程的测量技术资料编制、管理依据建筑安装工程资料管理规程(DBJ 01512003)进行，提供的测量资料包括：工程定位测量记录(C31)；基槽验线记录(C32)；楼层放线记录(C33)；施工测量报验表(B22)；建筑物垂直度、标高观测记录(C35)。7 结 语建筑工程测量定位是工程施工管理的前题和一个重要环节，抓好建筑工程测量定位，可以为工程施丁的成功创造条件。参考文献1李富，陈海军网格分区控制法在加格达奇植物园工程施工测量中的应用J水利科技与经济，20o410(4)：2392GB 5002693，工程测量规范S3DBJ叭一2l一95，建筑工程施工测量规范s (编辑：赵琳琳) to clean and repair, it is strictly forbidden to head reaches into the mechanical stroke range. 17th article: in overhead transmission line following work should blackout, cannot blackout Shi, due isolation protection measures, crane shall not in overhead transmission line following work, through overhead transmission line should will lifting arm falls, in overhead line side work Shi, regardless of in any situation Xia, lifting arm, and rope or weights, and overhead transmission line of recently distance should not is less than Xia table provides: transmission line voltage 1000 v following 1-15 kV 20-40 kV 60-110 kV 220,000 v Allow minimum distances with the transmission line (m) vertical 1.5 level 1 1.5 2 3 4 5 6 4 6 18th: lamp voltage may not exceed 36 volts, when working in a damp place or metal containers, lamp voltage may not exceed 12 volts. 19th: pressure vessel should have a safety valve, pressure gauge, and avoid sun exposure, collisions, oxygen cylinders to prevent contaminated oil; of acetylene gas, LPG, must have a safety device to prevent tempering. 20th: x-ray and gamma-ray flaw detector operation area, non-operator, not allowed to enter. Article 21st: corrosion, dust and radioactive and toxic work, protective measures are required, and to carry out regular inspection. Spider-man 22nd section III: Spider-man to regular medical examinations of the medical diagnosis, who suffer from high blood pressure, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy and other discomfort in the Spider-man shall not engage in aerial work. 23rd: Spider-man dressed spirit, banned the wearing of hard bottom and easy slip-on shoe nail. 24th: Spider-man material stack stationary, tools should turn into a tool bag, transfer prohibited throwing of objects. 25th: in case of bad weather (such as wind in the above grade) construction safety, prohibition of the open air, lifting and piling. 26th article: ladder shall not deficiency document, no padded using, ladder cross document spacing to 30 cm suitable, using Shi top to tied prison, bottom should take anti-sliding measures, single ladder and ground angle to 60 degrees suitable, ban II people while in ladder Shang job, as needed received long using, should lashing firm, people Word ladder in end of feet pulled prison, in channel at using ladder, due guardianship or set fence. 27th: no security measures, prohibited in hip joints, supports, trusses of the roof truss cantilever beams, and choose the frame and half fixed widget or job to walk on, Spider-man and the ground . Nine, ten basic security to prevent vehicle damage claim 1, without legal training of qualified certified personnel not familiar with vehicle performance is not driving a car. 2, should insist on doing defense work, vehicle brake, Horn, steering systems, lighting and other safety components such as poor are not allowed out of the car. 3, dump truck, dump truck car hop is strictly prohibited, prohibited goods mixing, loading of vehicles should not overload,ch zazen, budov a konstrukc, tanky a jin zsuvky prmyslov vody, krom ustanoven vodu tak, by mlo bt instalovno v oblasti s vodou k utsnn vrtu, uzavrac ventil, aby se zabrnilo velk mnostv holavch a vbunch materil do kanalizace. 9. pouit v holavch, vbunch plyn pojistn ventil a vtrac potrub, je nutn export trubice je umstn mimo a vy ne 2 metry nad budovou. (B) pouvn ohn, ohe (viz systm sprvy prce) (c) porn zazen a organizac 1. realizace prevence prvn a integrovan prevence ohe politiku, pijmout modern technologie poru a vbuchu prevence a pomoci, provdn zen podle cl. 2. zzen veden spolenosti a vedouc jednotlivch oddlen Porn bezpenost vboru, workshop zaloena porn ochrany, vedouc skupiny a nastavit dobrovolnch hasi. 3. spolenost tvaru ochrany spotebitele na pln vazek hasii, hasii formulovat pln protiporn prevence a akn pln, provdn zen podle cl, pravideln proveden publicitu porn prevence a vzdlvn a kolen, v kombinaci s oekvan porn cvien. 4. soubor stacionrn ohn uvnit spolenosti zazen, protiporn zazen mus bt v Sprva slueb, rozvoj provozn postupy a systmy zen. 5. porn zazen na serveru nastavit jasn, pstup k pohodln a bezpen msto, pravideln kontroly drby, ti (to je, pevn, fixn typ a mnostv, podle odbornk), a nem nikdo nenapadal, pachatel dle systmu ke zpracovn. 6. vechny holav a vbun ltky ve spolenosti a potenciln ped porem a vbuchem nebezpen vroby, skladovn, prodej a pouvn procesu a jeho souvisejc vybaven, psn zen. 7. kdy je ohe, pole tby okamit uspodejte do boje s ohnm, a ohledn vroby, plnovn, alarmy a ohn a adresu urit sti ohn a pinastreamlining. Four are standard visits, except as required to participate in training, no other activity. Five is to improve news reporting, for propaganda work strictly according to the regulations. Six is strictly your presentation published strictly according to the regulations. Seven is strictly thrift, required the use of vehicles and office space and corporate hospitality. 3, change the style. Propaganda and ideological work of the new situation and new requirements of the new tasks, had done a lot of fruitful work, has made many achievements, but further closer to the grass roots, close to reality, close to the masses and also inadequate innovation must continue to improve. Second, the four winds some outstanding issues 1, oppose formalism. One theory is that he didnt, with less close contact. Theoretical study of consciousness is not high enough, system performance is not strong enough; more passive learning, active learning few generalities and learn more, delving into less. Especially based on rational thinking on major issues, applying theory to guide the work done is not good enough, not really understand and grasp the spirit and essence of the scientific Outlook on development, did not truly achieve mastery, to apply, to a certain extent, affect the development and impl