Language and Cultureppt课件

LanguageandCulture Themainideas Cultureandlanguageareintertwinedandshapeeachother Theyareinseparable Ifweselectlanguagewithoutbeingawareoftheculturalimplications wemayatbestnotcommunicatewellandatworstsendthewrongmessage Inourownenvironmentweareawareoftheimplicationsofthechoices Butpeopleoftheotherculturalbackgroundsmaynot Alllanguagehavesocialquestionsandinformationquestions TheLanguage sSpecialities 1 Languagesimplyculturalchoices Weneedculturalliteracytounderstandlanguage 2 Languageshavesocialquestionsandinformationquestions Somewordsinthemselvesdonotcarrythemeening SocialQuestioncomesinquestionform Itissimplyalubricanttomovetheconversationforword Howareyou inAmerica Whereareyougoing inJapan InformationQuestionasksforcertainanswersandwantstogetinformations Howareyou inJapan Whereareyougoing inAmerica Languageasareflectionofculture Languagereflectstheenvironmentinwhichwelive Welabelmanythingsthatarearoundus e g Peopleinnorthhasalotofwordstodescribe snow butpeopleinAmazonareanot Languageasareflectionofculture Languagereflectsculturalvalues e g TheNavajodonothaveawordfor late Becauseoftime itdoesnotplayaroleintheirlive However Americanshavelotsofvocabularyconnectedwith time and clock Languageasareflectionofculture DifferentMeaningsinIdenticalWordsFortheAmerican administration meansdepartmentchair deanorprovost FortheFrench administration meansupper levelclericalsraff Languageasareflectionofculture Languagelivesandchangesovertime e g Semanticchange Semanticbroadeningholiday holyday anyrestdaySemanticnarrowingdeer anyanimal aparticularkindSemanticshiftsillyusedtomean happy inOldEnglish Languageasareflectionofculture Languagehidedifferentculturalsignals e g RedInChineseCulture festive jubilant 红娘 红火 successful smooth 走红 beautiful nice 红颜 envious jealous 眼红InEnglishCulture violent cruel e g aredbattle danger tension e g redalert Fill inTask1 He sjustagreenrecruitfreshfromcollege 2 Itriedtocallhermanytimesbutshewasinabrownstudyanddidn thearme 3 Oneday outoftheblue agirlrangupandsaidshewasmysister 4 Thenewofficeblockhasunfortunatelybecomeanexpensivewhiteelephant 5 Marywasregardedastheblacksheepofthefamily 6 You dbetterdosomethingtoproveyou renotyellow 7 Canyouseethegreeninhereyes 8 Themerethoughtofherhusbandwiththesecretarymadeherseered 9 IgotsomeblacklooksfromtheshopkeeperwhenIcancelledmyorder 10 WhenI mfeelingblue allIhavetodoistakealookatyou andthenI mnotsoblue 11 Don ttellmeanywhitelietomakemefeelgood 12 Itmaycostoveraweektogothroughalltheredtapetogetthepermission 13 Histypeofhumorisabittooblueformytastes 14 Areyouallright Youlookabsolutelygreen 15 Hebasedhisjudgmentonheadlinesandyellowjournalism Mainideas Languageandcultureareclearlyfused onereflectstheother Languageembodiestheproducts perspectives communities andpersonsofaculture Languageisaproductofculture butitalsoplaysadistinctrole Thewordsofthelanguage Itsexpressions structures sounds andscriptsreflectculture justastheculturalproductsandpracticesreflectthelanguage Languageisawindowtotheculture language and culture twosidesofthesamecoin language and cultureconveysbothunificationandseparation Languageembodiestheproductsperspectives communities andpersonsofaculturelanguageisaproductoftheculture butitalsoplaysadistinctroleTopracticetheculture wealsoneedlanguage Fivedimensions Culturalproducts isolatedobjects artifacts cars tools places complexsocialinstitutions food art literature architecture music etc Tomanipulateorusethesevariedproducts membersofthecultureuselanguage Languageisalsoaculturalproductinandofitself Words expressions andstructuresarecontinuallyaddedordiscarded Whenspokenandwritten languagetakesontangibleandperceptibleforms Languageandculturalproducts languageandculturalpratices Themostobvioususeoflanguageincultureoccursinculturalpractice Culturalpracticesalwaysrequirethelanguageofparticipation Theactionsandinteractionsbetweenandamongmembersoftheculturedemandspeaking listening readingandwriting Toparticipateappropriately oneneedstosaytherightwordsintherightwayattherighttime languageandperpectives Languagealsoreflectsandembodiesperspectives Weuselanguagetonameandunderstandtheperceptions values attitudes andbeliefsthatgovernourwayoflife Words phrases idioms expressionsrevealvalues attitudes andbeliefsintrinsictotheculture languageandcuturalcommunities Whenwesituatelanguageinspecificcommunitiesorgroups weseevariationsinforms meaningsanduseaccordingtothesesocialsettingsandcircumstances Communitiesdevelopdistinctlanguagetodescribeandcarryouttheparticularpracticesandproductsassociatedwiththeirgroupsanditsactivities Communitiesalsodefinenormsforlanguageuse Appropriateuseoflanguagebecomesessential languageandpersons Languageisnotonlycollective butalsopersonal Eachofususeslanguagesinanidiosyncraticmanner basedonourbackground experiences socialgroups ourpersonaloutlook andouridentity Eachpersonhasauniquemannerofself expressioninthelanguage atoneofvoice acertainpitch awayofpronunciation anaccent awritingvoice acommunicativestyle apreferenceforcertainwords expressions andidioms Weuseourownversionoflanguagetodescribe understand andrespondtoourexperiencesandourselves Co