Chapter 32 Subordination 2 ppt课件

Chapter32Subordination 从属结构 二 非限定分句 Non finiteClause 就是以非限定动词词组 不定式 ing ed 作谓语动词的分句结构 可分为 1 不定式分句 InfinitiveClause 2 ing分句 ingParticipleClause 3 ed分句 edParticipleClause Part1 非限定分句的结构模式 1 不带主语和连词 逻辑主语在上下文或情景中 eg Heopenedthedoortocomein Hehasalargefamilytosupport Totellyouthetruth Iforgotallaboutyourrequest Hedeniedhavingbeenthere Thecastle burntdownin1485 wasneverrebuilt 2 带主语eg Heopenedthedoorforthechildrentocomein Heknewthatwithhimtohelp shecouldandwouldsucceed HedeniedJack Jack shavingbeenthere You Yourfallingintotheriverwastheclimaxofthewholetrip 3 带疑问词或从属连词eg Idon tknowwhattodo Heopenedhislipsasiftosaysomething Whensleeping Ineverhearathing WhenIamsleeping Evenifinvited Iwon tgo EvenifI minvited Part2 非限定动词的句法功能 1 不定式分句的句法功能作主语 Toactlikethatischildish 作主语补足语Ourdutyistoservepeopleheartandsoul 作宾语P237Hepromisedtostoptakingdrugs 作宾补Tom sgreatestwishistoseehisteamwinthegame 作状语 a 表示目的eg Heopenedthewindowtogetsomefreshair soasto inorderto b 表示结果eg Hehurriedhomeonlytofindthathisfatherwasdead so asto such asto too to enoughto c 表示原因eg Hewasluckytofindthelostchild PRACTICE 用sothat so that改写句子1 Thiscoffeeistoohotformetodrink ThiscoffeeissohotthatIcan tdrinkit 2 Heplaystheviolinwellenoughtoperformataconcert Heplaystheviolinsowellthathecanperformataconcert 3 Hisworkwassogoodastomakehimwell knowninthecity Hisworkwassogoodthatitmadehimwell knowninthecity 4 Hisindifference 漠然 n wassuchastomakeallofusdespair 绝望 v Hewassoindifferentthatitmadeallofusdespair 2 ing分词分句的句法功能PRACTICE Indicatethesyntacticfunctionoftheitalicizedparts Beatingachildwilldomoreharmthangood Oneofmybadhabitsisbitingnails Iheardhimsinginginthenextroom Itisnouseyourpretendingtobedeaf Hedeniedhavingbeenthere Itrainedheavily causingseverefloodinginthatarea IhaveafriendlivinginLondon S C S S C S 后置修饰语 3 ed分词分句的句法功能 a 作后置修饰语 相当于一个缩略的定语从句 eg Carsparkedillegallywereremoved Carsthatwereparkedillegally b 作状语eg Heated themetalexpands Whenitisheated Absorbedinhiswork Jimneglectedfoodandsleep Ashewasabsorbedinhiswork PRACTICE ING和 ED分词分句作名词后置修饰语 相当于一个定语从句1 IhaveafriendwholivesinLondon IhaveafriendlivinginLondon 2 Carsthatwereparkedillegallywereremoved Carsparkedillegallywereremoved 3 Presentswhichcostlessthantenpoundsinallmaybeimportedduty free Presentscostinglessthantenpoundsinall 4 Atthestation weweremetbyamanwhowascarryingacopyofTheTimes amancarryingacopyofTheTimes ING主动 ED被动 5 Thecastle whichhadbeenburntinthesixteenthcentury wasneverrebuilt Thecastle havingbeen burntinthesixteenthcentury 6 Anydriverwhodoesnothavealicenseoughttobesenttojailrightaway Anydrivernothavingalicense 7 Weweredelayedbyheavytruckswhichwerebeingloadedontotheship trucksbeingloadedontotheship PRACTICE ING和 ED分词分句作状语1 Whenwestoodontopofthehill wecouldseethewholevillage Standingontopofthehill we 2 Astheywereexhausted thechildrenfellasleepatonce Exhausted thechildren 3 EvenifIaminvited Iwon tgo Evenifinvited Iwon tgo ING主动 ED被动 4 Itrainedfortwoweeksonendsothatitcompletelyruinedourholiday Itrainedfortwoweeksonend completelyruiningourholiday 5 Onceheisreleasedfromprison heislikelytoengagehimselfinthesamebusiness Oncereleasedfromprison heislikelyto 6 AfterIhadputdownmynewspaper Iwalkedovertothewindowandlookedout Havingputdownmynewspaper I 7 Ifitisusedeconomically onetinwilllastforatleastsixweeks Ifusedeconomically onetin ING和 ED分词分句作后置修饰语与状语时的逻辑主语问题1 后置修饰语 紧跟其后eg Thehuntersawaliondrinkingatthespring Writteninlargeletters theyreadtheword Beware Theyreadtheword Beware writteninlargeletters 状语 一般为主句的主语eg Standingontopofthehill wecouldseethewholevillage Standingontopofthehill thewholevillagecouldbeseen hermotherhadcome herfacelitup A HearingB HavingheardC WhenhearingD Whensheheard D PRACTICE TEM 41 Ifnot withtherespecthefeelsduetohim Jackgetsveryill temperedandgrumblesallthetime 2004 A beingtreatedB treatedC betreatedD havingbeentreated2 atinthisway thepresenteconomicsituationdoesn tseemsogloomy 2000 A LookingB LookedC HavinglookedD Tolook B B 3 regulartraininginnursing shecouldhardlycopewiththeworkatfirst 1994 A NotreceivedB SincereceivingC HavingreceivedD Nothavingreceived4 Arrivingatthebusstop waitingthere 1994 A alotofpeoplewereB hefoundalotofpeopleC alotofpeopleD peoplewerefound D B 5 hecannowonlywatchitonTVathome 1998 A ObtainingnotaticketforthematchB NotobtainingaticketforthematchC NothavingobtainedaticketforthematchD Notobtainedati