皮带运输机的设计(机电一体化).doc

皮带运输机的设计(机电一体化) 摘 要 带式输送机是现代物料连续运输的重要设备，是连续运动的无端输送带运送货物的机械，用胶带作为输送带的带式输送机称为胶带输送机，简称胶带机。它是提升和运输机械的重要组成部分，它具有结构简单、成本低、运输距离长、效率高的优点。其主要用于冶金 .摘  要带式输送机是现代物料连续运输的重要设备，是连续运动的无端输送带运送货物的机械，用胶带作为输送带的带式输送机称为胶带输送机，简称胶带机。它是提升和运输机械的重要组成部分，它具有结构简单、成本低、运输距离长、效率高的优点。其主要用于冶金、采矿、煤炭、电站、港口以及工业企业。它将为我国各矿业装卸工作的机械化、现代化作出越来越大的贡献。现有技术中煤矿井下普掘矸煤运输设备以刮板输送机为主，其缺陷是容易出现卡链条、断链条、机头链轮断齿，卡刮板、断刮板、底链易出槽等故障。另外，由于机器笨重，安装撤除环节复杂，设备故障率高，造成工人劳动强度大，工作效率低，配件投资多等问题。再者是刮板运行过程中矸石与刮板对溜槽的挤压或刮卡，容易产生火花，形成安全隐患，不利于安全生产。本文针对这种情况主要介绍了一种煤矿井下掘进矸煤运输简易皮带机。首先，介绍了带式输送机的工作特点、发展概况、工作原理及分类；其次，介绍了胶带的摩擦传动原理；最后，根据带式输送机的工作条件对其进行了详细的设计计算，如驱动装置、机架等。此带式输送机结构简单、操作装拆卸方便、成本低、设备安全可靠，在煤矿井下广泛应用。关键词：带式输送机； 工作原理； 发展概况； 驱动装置  ABSTRACTBelt conveyer is one of most equipment used in bulk transport. Belt conveyer is continual motion machine of sideless conveying articles, using rubber belt to be conveyer belt is called rubber belt conveyer, and brief name is sealing-tape machine. Belt conveyer is an important component part of lifting and transport machinery. Its structure is very simple, and has low cost, long distance transport and very high productivity. It is mainly used in metallurgy、mining coal、power plant、port and industrial enterprises. It will make the bigger and bigger contribution for our country various mining industry loading and unloading mechanization and modernization.In the existing technology, in coal mine common digs the gangue coal transport vehicle is mainly the scraper conveyer, its flaw is easy to appear the card chain link, to break the chain link, and the nose chain wheel breaks the tooth, the card scraper, breaks the scraper, the bottom chain is easy to overflow the breakdown and so on. Moreover, because machine is unwieldy, installment and removal link is complex, equipment failure rate is high, it creates the worker’s labor intensity in a big way, the working efficiency is low, the fitting invests is big and so on. Furthermore, in the scraper movement process the extrusion or blows the card of the gangue and the scraper to trough is easy to produce the spark, to form the hidden danger, is disadvantageous to the safety in production. This article mainly introduced one kind of simple coal mine shaft tunneling gangue coal transportation belt conveyer in view of this kind of situation. First, it introduced the work characteristic of belt conveyer, the development survey, the principle of work and the classification; Next, it introduced the adhesive tape friction drive principle; Finally, it has carried on in detail design and calculation according to the working condition of belt conveyer, like drive, rack and so on. Its structure is simple, the installs and disassemble is convenient, the cost is low, the equipment safe is reliable, in coal mine shaft it is applied widely.Keywords: belt conveyer; work principle; development survey; drive devices带式输送机是由许多零部件和具有某些特殊功能的装置组成。输送带、托辊、机架等是沿输送机全长布置的，驱动装置、拉紧装置、储带装置和清扫装置等也是带式输送机的重要组成部分，它们的结构和工作原理对带式输送机整体特性影响很大。带式输送机是以胶带作为牵引机构和承载机构的连续运输机械，所以也称胶带输送机。随着带式输送机在国民经济各部门中日益广泛的应用，其结构简单、运行平稳可靠、能耗低，对环境污染小、便于集中控制和实现自动化、管理维护方便、在连续装载条件下可实现连续运输等许多优点，越来越被人们深刻理解和认识，因而针对生产需求设计出了通用带式输送机和各种各样的特种带式输送机。虽然它们结构各异，使用场合也不同，但是它们的工作原理基本是相同的，即大多属于以输送带兼作牵引机构和承载机构的连续运输机械，只有极个别的带式输送机（如钢丝绳牵引带式输送机）的输送机只作为承载机构。 目    录   字第1章 绪论    3第1.1节 课题设计的目的和意义    3第1.2节 带式输送机的现状及发展    3第1.3节 带式输送机的工作原理、适用条件及优缺点    5第1.4节 带式输送机的分类    8第1.5节 带式输送机的布置形式    12第1.6节 倾角    13第1.7节 带式输送机的主要部件    15第2章 带式输送机的设计与计算    19第2.1节 设计方案的确定    19第2.2节 有关参数的确定    21第3章 电动滚筒的设计计算    32第3.1节 电动滚筒中电动机的选型    32第3.2节 电动滚筒齿轮传动机构计算    34第3.3节 电动滚筒中其他主要零部件设计计算    54第4章 拉紧装置的选用与机架设计    87第4.1节 拉紧装置选用    87第4.2节 机架的设计    89 第5章 电机控制线路的动作过程    90第6章 带式输送机的安装及典型故障分析    91第6.1节 安装要求    91第6.2节 典型故障分析    94结   论    96参考文献    96翻译部分    97英文原文    97中文译文    103致  谢    108 摘 要：本次实验选用健康的体重为1822g 的SPF级昆明系小白鼠(雌雄各半) 共150只，接种对猪具有致病性的粪肠球菌，分别进行半数致死量测定、临床症状观察。感染小鼠表现出明显的神经症状，小鼠感染粪肠球菌与病猪自然感染症状相似。测定粪肠球菌OD600值与CFU的关系，并根据OD600值与CFU的关系作出曲线，根据OD600值与CFU的关系计算出粪肠球菌对小鼠的LD50为5.75×109。本次实验的结果与羊源粪肠球菌感染小鼠的人工模型的结果基本一致，为进一步探究粪肠球菌在小鼠体内的感染机、制毒力因子及免疫应答奠定了基础。关键词： 粪肠球菌； 人工感染； 半数致死量Dung Enterococcus on Mice Determination of the LD50Abstract：This experiment chooses a healthy weight for 18 22g SPF Kunming is male mice (150 evenly), inoculation only for the lamb has the dung enterococcus, highly respectively half lethal dose of determination, clinical symptom observation. Infected mice showed obvious neurologic symptoms, the mice infected with a dung enterococcus natural infection symptoms similar. Determination OD600 value and dung enterococcus CFU relationship, and according to the relationship OD600 value with the CFU made, according to OD600 value and curve CFU relationship to calculate the dung enterococcus 5.75 x for the LD50 mice 109. The experimental results and sheep dung enterococcus infected mice source of the artificial model results are basically the same for further inquiry dung enterococcus in mice infected machine, manufacturing force factor and the immune response to lay the foundation. Key words: Enterococcus faecalis; artificially infected; median lethal dose 2 实验材料2.1 实验动物小白鼠为体重1822g 的SPF级昆明系小白鼠(雌雄各半) 共150只, 购于湖南斯莱克景达实验动物有限公司，常规饲养。2.2实验菌株  分离鉴定HN45号粪肠球菌分离株，由湖南农业大学动物医学院传染病实验室提供。2.3主要试剂和材料胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤（TSB）为Sigma产品，琼脂粉（日本分装）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris）（Genview分装）均购自北京鼎国生物技术有限责任公司，新生牛血清为杭州四季青生物工程有限公司产品，Taq DNA Polymerasea 、dNTP(2.5mM)、 5000 DNA Marker购自天根生物工程公司，伊红、苏木素及多聚赖氨酸购自北京中杉金桥有限公司，蛋白酶K为Roche产品，其它常规试剂均为国产分析纯级产品。 目   录    6000字摘要1关键词11  前 言    22 实验材料    32.1 实验动物    32.2实验菌株    32.3主要试剂和材料    32.4主要试剂的配制    32.5主要仪器    43 主要方法    43.1 粪肠球菌OD600与CFU关系的测定    43.1.1 菌液的平板计数    43.1.2 菌液的OD600值测定    53.2 粪肠球菌对小白鼠LD50的测定    63.2.1 细菌培养    63.2.2预实验    63.2.3 正式实验    63.2.4 LD50的计算    6 4 实验结果    74.1 接种菌液后小鼠的临床表现    74.2 LD50的计算结果    75 讨论    86 结论    8参考文献    9致    谢    10 摘 要箱式变电站又称户外成套变电站，也有称做组合式变电站，它是发展于20世纪60年代至70年代欧美等西方发达国家推出的一种户外成套变电所的新型变电设备，由于它具有组合灵活，便于运输、迁移、安装方便，施工周期短、运行费用低、无污染、免维护等优点，受到世界各国电力工作者的重视。进入20世纪90年代中期，国内开始出现简易箱式变电站，并得到了迅速发展。 本课题的主要内容包括箱式变电站的发展应用，箱式变电站的结构分类，以及箱式变电站一次系统设计及其设备选型，二次系统设计，以及箱式变电站的智能监控系统。关键词：箱式变电站  结构  一次系统  二次系统Design of 10kV box-type transformer substationABSTRACT   Box-type transformer substation calls again outdoor a transformer substation, also call to do the sectional transformer substation. It is a development to wait to 70s Europe and America western prosper in the 60s of 20 centuries the nation release a kind of outdoor the set changes to give or get an electric shock of new change to give or get an electric shock the equipments, because it have the combination vivid, easy to conveyance, move, install convenience, start construction the period is short and circulate the expenses low, free from pollution, do not need maintenance etc. advantage, suffer the international community  electric power the worker values. Enter the middle of 90s of 20 centuries. The domestic starts appearing the simple box-type transformer substation , and got the quick development. The article regard box-type transformer substation as a development for relating box-type transformer substation  applied, the construction of  box-type transformer substation divides into se-section, emphasizing the treatise box-type transformer substation a the very equipments in design in subsystem chooses the type, two subsystems design, and the intelligence of box-type transformer substation supervises and control the system. Keywords：box-type transformer substation  construction  first system  second system.目录   字摘要    Abstract    第1章  概述    1第2章  电气主接线的方案设计     42.1  电气主接线介绍     42.1.1  电气主接线的概念     42.1.2  电气主接线的设计原则     42.1.3  电气主接线的方式     42.2 主接线的设计要求     5 2.2.1  主接线的设计依据     52.2.2  主接线设计的基本要求     62.3  电气主接线方案拟定     72.3.1  主变压器的选择     72.3.2  主变压器的确定     82.3.3  主接线方案的拟定     8第3章  短路电流的计算     163.1  短路电流介绍     163.1.1  简单系统 的计算     183.1.2  复杂系统的计算     183.1.3  短路种类     193.2  短路计算     193.2.1  短路计算    193.2.2  不对称短路计算    22第4章 电气设备的选择     264.1  电路选择的一般条件     264.1.1  按正常工作条件选择电器     264.1.2  按短路情况校验     264.2  高压断路器和隔离开关的选择     27 4.3  电流互感器的选择     304.3.1  lcw-220型电流互感器     304.3.2  选择二次导线连接的截面     304.3.3  动稳定和热稳定校验     314.4  电压互感器的选择     324.4.1  电压互感器     324.4.2  电压互感器的选择     334.4.3  电压互感器的校验     334.5    避雷器的选择     354.6  开关柜的选择     36第5章 变电站继电保护     37结论     38参考文献     39致谢     40附录 电气主接线图     41  不同质地及pH植烟土壤微生物种群差异的研究(字)摘  要: 为探明不同质地及pH值植烟土壤微生物种群差异，本研究分析测定了福建省武平县不同质地及pH植烟土壤微生物种群数量，结果表明：不同质地及pH植烟土壤主要微生物群落数量存在较为明显的差异，其中不同质地土壤中真菌、放线菌、细菌种群数量差异达到了差异显著水平，而不同pH土壤中真菌、放线菌、细菌数量差异达到了极显著水平。不同质地土壤中真菌数量表现为壤土粘土沙土，放线菌和细菌数量表现为壤土沙土粘土；不同pH土壤中真菌和细菌数量表现为pH6.5的最高，5.5≤pH≤6.5其次，pH5.5最低；而放线菌数量表现为pH5.5最高，5.5≤pH≤6.5其次，pH6.5最低。关键词: 植烟土壤, 质地，pH，土壤微生物    Studies on Difference of Microbial Groups in Soil of Different Texture and pHAbstract: The microbial populations of tobacco soil with different texture and pH value of WuPing county in Fujian province are analyzed in this research, in order to know the value of different texture and pH differences between populations. The results showed that, there is obvious difference different texture and pH value of tobacco soil mainly microbial quantity, in which different texture soil fungi, actinomycetes, bacteria population differences reached a significant difference between levels, and different pH, soil fungi, actinomycetes, bacteria reached a very significant difference in the level. Number of different fungi in the soil texture showed loam> clay> sand, actinomycetes and bacteria showed loam> sand> clay; different pH values of soil fungi and bacteria showed pH> 6.5 the highest, 5.5 ≤ pH ≤ 6.5 Secondly, pH <5.5 minimum; and actinomycetes showed pH <5.5 the highest, 5.5 ≤ pH ≤ 6.5 second, pH> 6.5 the lowest. Key words: Tobacco soil, Texture, pH, The soil microorganisms 摘  要：为研究天蚕素对母猪生产繁殖的影响，选用妊娠期、胎次和生产繁殖状况都无显著差异的大约克母猪42头，随机分为2组，每组每头分别饲喂添加了天蚕素的饲粮0g/吨（对照组）、40g/吨（试验组），试验期共30天。试验结果表明：试验组的活仔数（0.985±0.031）和健仔数（0.941±0.072）显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；产仔数（11.6000±2.）、出产仔猪活力与对照组相比弱有提高（57.43±7.56），但差异不显著（P>0.05）。可见，妊娠后期母猪日粮中添加天蚕素可以提高母猪的活仔数和健仔数，有利于保证母猪的繁殖效率。关键词：天蚕素；妊娠母猪；产仔数；活仔数；健仔数；生产性能 Effects of Cecropin on Reproduction Performance in Pregnant SowAbstract:This experiment was conducted to study the effect of Cecropin on reproduction performance in pregnant sows. Forty-two Yorkshire pregnant sows with no significant differences in delivery period, parity and reproduction level, were randomly divided into 2 groups, each were fed with ration mixed with Cecropin 0g/t and 40g/t respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 30 days. The result showed that the number pigs alive (0.985±0.031) and the number healthy (0.941±0.072) both increased. There were significant effect on the number of pigs alive and healthy (P<0.05).The number of piglets farrowed (11.6000±2.); the activity of piglets was also increased (57.43±7.56), but there were no significant effect on their activity (P>0.05). These results indicated that adding the Cecropin into the dietary of pregnant sows can increase the number pigs alive, and healthy, it will help to ensure the reproduction performance of pregnant sows. 9200字  摘要本毕业设计遵循先、后结构、再基础的设计过程，根据任务书和指导书的要求，完成桂林晨华综合办公楼（钢筋混凝土框架—剪力墙结构）的、结构设计。建筑图包括总平面图及说明，首层、标准层和屋顶平面图，正立面和背立面图，楼梯和电梯井的剖面图，以及若干详图。各图均按规范要求设计。本工程结构设计时密切结合建筑设计，力求经济合理，在框架结构体系中适当布置钢筋混凝土剪力墙，作为抗侧力构件与框架协调工作，使结构具有良好的抗震性能。结构分析的重点在于框架和剪力墙的协同工作分析。考虑毕业设计的特殊要求，以手算为主、电算为辅。结构设计包括以下七个部分：结构刚度计算；水平地震作用效应分析；竖向荷载作用下框架和剪力墙内力计算；荷载效应组合；截面设计与配筋计算；楼梯设计；梁板设计。计算书的主要内容有：完成现浇楼板局部单元板的设计（包括手工进行荷载计算、内力分析及配筋计算，电脑绘出施工图）；根据建筑要求完成其它楼层结构布置，应用SATWE程序进行电算，并在结构布置施工图中，应用平法表示标出梁、板、柱和框架的编号、板厚及配筋；人工计算完成框架—剪力墙结构协同工作分析、结构侧移计算、剪力墙受力分析与截面设计、框架受力分析与截面设计（包括内力分析、水平荷载与竖向荷载的计算和组合、截面配筋并绘制施工图）；应用设计软件完成分析、设计，对比分析电算和手算的主要成果。 毕业设计的成果符合现行规范的要求，因而是合理可行的。关键词： 高层建筑；钢筋混凝土结构；框架—剪力墙结构；综合办公楼；建筑与结构设计Abstract: This graduation project follows and builds, and then structure, more basic design process first, according to the request of task book and guide book, finish the building design and structural design of reinforced concrete frame - shearwall structure’s Guilin chenghua comprehensive building.The construction drawing of the building including general layout and proving, first storey, standard storey and roof plane figure, straight elevation and reciting elevation, the section systems of the stair and lift well, and several detail drawings. Every drawing is designed according to the requirement of standardizing and approved by teacher.Combine the architectural design closely at the time of the structural design in this project, strive to make economy and rational, assign the reinforced concrete shearwall in the structural system of the frame appropriatly, as resist side force component work together with frame coordinate, and make the structure have good antidetonation performance. Focal point that structure analyze lie in frame and shearwall work to analyze in coordination. Consider special requirement of graduation project, rely mainly on the fact that hands can be regarded as, electricity charge for complementing. The structural design is composed of seven parts: Structural rigidity is calculated; Function effect analysis of the horizontal earthquake; The verticality loads function and makes the frame and cuts the wall internal force of strength calculated; Load the effect association; The section is design and worthy of the muscle to calculate; The stair is designed; The roof beam board is designed .The main content of calculating book is as follows, finish one cast-in-place floor some unit design of board (include handwork to carry out load calculation, force analysis and match tendon to calculate, computer paints construction picture); Require to finish the layout of the structure of other floors according to building, employ SATWE procedure to calculate the electricity, and among layout of the structure construction drawing, employ flat law say, stamp roof beam, board, column, serial number of frame, board thick buying muscling; Calculate the frame of finishing artificially - Cut the wall structure of strength work and analyze in coordination, the structural side is moved and calculated, cut the strength wall designed by strength analysis and section, frame design strength analysis with section (including internal force analysis , level load with calculation , association , section that verticality load mixing the muscle