初中形容词及副词用法总结及练习.xls

第 1 页 共 80 页 点击朗诵16国外语 需要启用宏后才能使用朗诵功能 启用方法 先启用编辑 然后启用宏内容 2003版启用方法如下 工具 宏 安全性 低或中 重启文档 启用宏 3 1 3 5 4 不会启用宏 点击查看帮助 请根据内容选择以下语种 再点击单词朗诵 祝你学习进步 1 en 一 概念 形容词修饰名词 说明事物或人的性质或特征 通常可将形容词 分成性质 形容 词和叙述形容词两类 其位置不一定都放在名词前面 1 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词 难点 2 叙述形容词只能作表语 所以又称为表语形容词 这类形容词大多数以a开头的 形容词都属于这一类 例如 afraid asleep awake alone等 二 形容词的种类 1 品质形容词 英语中大量形容词属于这一类 他们表示人或物的品质 如 The play was boring 那出戏很枯燥乏味 You have an honest face 你有一张诚实的脸 英语韩国语法语日语德语葡萄牙语西班牙语阿拉伯语 瑞典语南非荷兰语捷克语泰语越南语中文世界语塞尔维亚语 第 2 页 共 80 页 2 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词 如 She had on a blue coat 她穿了一件蓝色的外套 3 ing 形容词 有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词 如 4 ed形容词 它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的 一般有被动意义 多数 为品质 形容词 如 She looked tired 5 合成形容词 warm hearted 热心的 heart breaking 令人心碎的 三 形容词的用法和在句中的位置 1 形容词在句中主要可用作 1 定语 What a fine day 2 表语 She looks happy 3 宾语的补语 构成合成宾语 Do you think it necessary 你认为这有必要吗 4 状语 He arrived home hungry and tired 他又饿又累的回到家里 2 形容词在句中的位置 有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前 称为前置形容词 少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后 称为后置形容词 1 当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时 形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题 一般规 则为 限定词 一般描绘性形容词 表示大小 长短 高低的形容词 表示年龄 第 3 页 共 80 页 新旧的形容词 表示国籍 地区 出处的形容词 表示物质 材料的形容词 名 词 如 There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village 村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥 重点 2 当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时 或形容词用来修饰somebody something anything nothing 等的时候 便会出现后置形容词 如 The boy interested in music is my brother 对音乐赶兴趣的那个男孩是 我弟弟 Do you have anything interesting to tell us 你有什么趣闻告诉我们 吗 二 副词的用法 一 概念 用以修饰动词 形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词 例如 not 不 here 这里 now 现在 不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类 如 Have you read this book before 副词 作时间状语 你以前读过这本书吗 He will arrive before ten o clock 介词 before ten o clock 是介 词短语 作时 间状语 他将在10点钟前到达 二 副词的种类 1 时间副词有三类 always often usually sometimes never ever ha rdly等一般位 于系动词 情态动词和助动词之后 实之前义动词 1 表示发生时间的副词 It s beginning to rain now 现在开始下雨了 2 表示频繁程度的副词 也称频度副词always often usually sometim es never 第 4 页 共 80 页 ever hardly等一般位于系动词 情态动词和助动词之后 实之前义动词 She often changes her mind 她常改变主意 3 还有一些其他表示时间的副词 He has just had an operation 他刚动过手术 2 地点副词 1 有不少表示地点的副词 She is studying abroad 她在国外留学 2 还有一些部分与介词同形的副词 它们与介词同形 跟宾语的是介词 否 则是副词 用作介词 Stand up 起立 用作副词 A cat climbed up the tree 猫爬上了树 3 以where 构成的副词也是地点副词 It s the same everywhere 到处都一样 重点 3 方式副词 1 英语中有大量方式副词 说明行为方式 回答how的问题 How beautifully your wife dances 你夫人舞跳的真美 2 还有相当多的副词 表示某些情绪 She smiled gratefully 她感激的笑了笑 3 还有一些以 ly结尾的副词 表示动作发生的状况 He left the town se cretly 他悄然离开了这座城市 第 5 页 共 80 页 重点 4 程度副词和强调副词 1 程度副词可修饰动词 表示 到某种程度 Is she badly hurt 她伤 得重 吗 说明 这类副词除修饰动词外 还可修饰形容词 a 或另一副词 b a fairly simple 相当简单 quite correct 完全正确 b wonderfully well 好极了 do it very quickly 干得很快 重点 2 much 是一个特殊的程度副词 它可以 a 修饰形容词等 I m not much good at singing 我唱歌不太好 b 修饰比较级 You sing much better than me 你比我唱的好多了 Their house is much nicer than ours 他们的房子比我们的好多了 重点 5 疑问副词和连接副词 1 疑问副词 疑问副词用来引导特殊问句 how How is your grandmother 你奶奶身体好吗 where Where does she come from 她是哪儿人 when When can you come 你什么时候能来 why Why was he so late 他为什么来得这么晚 第 6 页 共 80 页 2 连接副词 连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样 但都引导从句或与不 定式连用 how Do you know how to start this machine 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗 where I don t know where he lives 我不知道他住在哪儿 引导宾语从 句 when Tell me when you ll be ready 告诉我你什么时候准备 好 引导宾语 从句 why That s why I came round 这就是我来的原因 引导表语 从句 6 一些其它类型的副词 如表示方向的副词 Let s go inside 咱们到里面去 Take two steps forward 向前走两步 三 副词的位置 1 副词修饰动词时 通常可以放在句首 句中或句末 如 Usually I do my homework in the evening 句首 通常我晚上做家庭 作业 I often get up at six 句中 我常在6点起床 Please speak slowly 句末 请慢慢说 2 副词修饰形容词或副词时 通常放在形容词或副词的前面如 These flowers are quite beautiful 在形容词前 这些花相当漂亮 He works very hard 在副词前 他工作很努力 但也有例外 如 She is old enough to go to school 在形容词后 她已到了 上学的年龄 3 按一般规则 既有地点状语又有时间状语时 地点状语应放在时间状语之前 如 We had a meeting in the classroom yesterday afternoon 我们昨天 下午在教室开 第 7 页 共 80 页 了一个会 He watched TV at home last night 他昨晚在家看电视 说明 形容词一般修饰名词 副词一般修饰动词 形容词或副词 一些形容 词后加上 ly可以变成副词 如slow slowly quick quickly careful carefu lly 等 基础练习 一 用所给词的正确形式填空 1 The Greens are happy to live in this noise street They have decided to move to another place 2 The panda has been die for about two months 3 I like her dress It looks very beauty 4 Don t feel worry about your child The whole class would be friend to the new classmate 5 The finally exams usually take place at the end of June 6 It s possible for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon 7 It s a please trip for all of us 8 The children in China are living a color life 9 It was an amaze match It amazed us 10 He felt very sleep and fell sleep soon when he lay in bed 11 We all had a very enjoy time at the party 第 8 页 共 80 页 二 选择最佳答案 1 These oranges taste A good B well C to be good D to be well 2 I can t pay as he asked for A a as high price B as a high price C as high price D as high a price 3 We are going to see a film this evening Why not go with us I have to do many things this evening I m you see A free B glad C sorry D busy 4 Mum Bill is coming to dinner this evening OK Let s give him to eat A something different B different anything C anything different D different something 5 The person is talking with the doctor A ill B sick C illness D sickness 6 The day is bright and Let s go for a walk A sunny B dark C cloudy D windy 7 Look beautiful that lake is A What B How C How a D What a 8 I won t go to the Great Wall tomorrow I won t A neither B either C too D also 第 9 页 共 80 页 9 He likes to do some reading in the morning I like it A too B either C neither D also 10 That maths problem is difficult nobody can work it out A too to B very that C so that D very but 11 What s on the desk It s A a new green bag B new green bag C a green mew bag D a bag new green 12 The night was very so he had to take off his shoes A quiet quietly B quite quickly C late quick D quite quietly 13 He to school to clean his classroom A always comes early B comes always early C always early comes D come always earlier 14 I got up today A later B more lately C lately D late 15 Alice goes to school at seven A usual B usually C hard D a little 三 形容词的比较等级 一 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 1 单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成 情况 构成方式 原级 比较级 最高级 第 10 页 共 80 页 一般情况 加 er或 est new long newer longer newest longest 以e 结尾的词 加 r或 st fine late finer later finest latest 以 辅音 y 结尾的词 变y为i再加 er 或 est early happy earlier happier earliest happiest 第 11 页 共 80 页 重读闭音节的 词末尾只有一 个辅音字母 先双写辅音字 母 再加 er或 NAME hot thin fat hotter thinner fatter hottest thinnest fattest 2 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most 如 原级 比较级 最高级 useful more useful most useful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious 重点 第 12 页 共 80 页 3 有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高 级 good well better best bad ill worse worst many much more most little less least far farther farthest old older oldest 二 形容词比较级的用法 1 形容词的比较级可以单独使用 Be more careful next time 下次小心点 Which book is better 哪本书更好 2 也可以和than连用 表示两者相比 than后可以跟 a 名词或代词 He is older than me I 他年龄比我大 b 动名词 Skiing is more exciting than skating 滑雪比滑冰更刺激 c 从句 I was a better singer than he was 我唱歌比他好 三 形容词比较级的修饰语 1 形容词比较级前可加much a lot a bit a little slightly之类表示程 度的状语 He s feeling much better today 他感到今天好多了 第 13 页 共 80 页 2 也可在比较级前any no some even still这类词 Do you feel any better today 你今天感觉好一点了吗 3 比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词 My sister is ten years younger than me 我妹妹比我小十岁 难点 四 形容词比较级的特殊用法 1 和more有关的词组 1 the more the more 越 就越 例如 The harder you work the greater progress you ll make 越努力 进步越大 2 no more than 与 一样 例如 The officials could see no more than the Emperor 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多 3 more than 超过 不只是 例如 There are more than two thousand people in the hall 2 和less有关的词组 1 less than 不到 不太 It was ready in le ss than a week 2 no less than 多达 不少于 No less than 2 million people came 至少来了2百万人 3 more or less 基本上 大体上 大约 The work is more or less finished 这项工作基本上完成了 3 还有as 形容词或副词原级 as 第 14 页 共 80 页 1 not so as as 例如 He cannot run so as fast as you 他没你跑得快 2 当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式 as 形容词 a 单数名词 as manymuch 名词 例如 This is as good an example as the other is 这个例子和另 外一个一样好 I can carry as much paper as you can 你能搬多少纸 我也 能 3 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时 放在as的前面 例如 This room is twice as big as that one 这房间的面积是那 间的两倍 Your room is the same size as mine 你的房间和我的一样大 五 形容词最高级用法 1 the 最高级 比较范围 1 形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the 例如 The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world 撒哈拉沙漠是世界 上最大的沙 漠 说明 形容词most前面没有the 不表示最高级的含义 只表示 非常 例 如 It is a most important problem It is a very important problem 这是个很重 要的问题 注意 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内 错 Tom is the tallest of his three brothers 对 Tom is the tallest of the three brothers 第 15 页 共 80 页 2 下列词可修饰最高级 by far far much mostly almost 例如 This hat is nearly almost the biggest 这帽子差不多是最大的了 注意 序数词通常只修饰最高级 例如 Africa is the second largest continent 非洲是第二大洲 3 最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来 例如 Mike is the most intelligent in his class 或者 Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class 六 形容词最高级的特殊用法 1 形容词最高级可用作表语 这时定冠词the 可以省略 例句 I think her plan is best 我认为她的计划最好 2 形容词最高级还可和at 构成许多短语作状语 如 at best at least at most等 例句 I ll be with you at latest by ten 我最迟十点钟就来 陪你 基础练习 1 Your room is than mine A three time big B three times big C three times bigger D bigger three times 2 When spring comes it gets A warm and warm B colder and colder C warmer and warmer D shorter and shorter 3 he read the book he got in it 第 16 页 共 80 页 A The more the more interesting B The less the more interesting C The more the more interested D More more interested 4 I like one of the two books A the older B oldest C the oldest D older 5 Which do you like tea or coffee A well B better C best D most 6 This work is for me than for you A difficult B most difficult C much difficult D more difficult 7 Who jumped of all A far B farther C farthest D the most far 8 Li Lei is student in our class A tall B taller C tallest D the tallest 9 Tom is one of boys in our class A tallest B taller C the tallest B the tall 10 English is one of spoken in the world A the important languages B the most important languages C most important language D the most important language 11 Most of the woods been taken good care of A are B is C has D have 12 I m not to lift the heavy box A short enough B enough tall C health enough D strong enough 13 Which is Li Lei or Wu Tong 第 17 页 共 80 页 A strong B strongest C stronger D the strongest 14 Do you have to tell us A something new B new something C anything new D new anything 15 Most of the people in Guangdong are getting A more and rich B more rich and more rich C richer and richer D rich and rich 四 副词的比较等级 一 概念 副词和形容词一样 也有原级 比较级和最高级三个等级 其构成方 式有 规则变化和不规则变化两种情况 规则变化的一般规律是 单音节词的比较级和 最高级在词尾加 er或 est 多音节词以及 ly结尾的副词 early除外 前面加 more 或most 不规则的变化式只能采用 各个击破 的办法去记忆 1 规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 soon loud fast wide early happily carefully sooner 第 18 页 共 80 页 louder faster wider earlier more happily more carefully soonest loudest fastest widest earliest most happily most carefully 2 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well badly little much far better worse 第 19 页 共 80 页 less more farther 距离 further 程度 best worst least most farthest furthest 二 副词的比较级的用法 1 单独使用 Try to do better next time 下次争取干好一点 He ll come back sooner or later 他迟早会回来的 Please speak more slowly 请讲慢一点 2 和than一起使用 He swims better than I do 他游泳游得比我好 Can you do any better than that 你能不能干的好一些 He arrived earlier than usual 他到的比平时早 3 比较级前可有状语修饰 You must work much faster 你必须大大加快干活的速度 第 20 页 共 80 页 Can you come over a bit more quickly 你能稍稍快点来吗 4 as as和not so as结构 这两个结构也可结合副词使用 1 as as 可用在肯定句中 表示 像 一样 后面的副词要用原级 She can run as fast as a deer 她能跑的像鹿一样快 2 在否定句中 as as和so as都可以用 I don t go there as much as I used 我现在到那里不象过去那么多了 I didn t do as so well as I should 我做的不如我应做的那么好 3 这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语 She can read twice as fast as he does 她阅读的速度比他快一倍 三 副词最高级的用法 副词最高级可修饰动词 前面多数不带定冠词the He laughs best who laughs last 谚语 谁笑在最后谁笑的最好 Of the four of us I sang the worst 我们四人中我唱的最差 四 副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法 副词比较级和最高级还可用在一些特 别结 构或短语中 1 more and more 越来越 It rained more and more heavily 雨下得越来越大了 She went farther and farther away 她越走越远了 2 the more the more 越 越 The more I work the more I accomplish 我干得越多 完成的就越多 3 had better 最好 We d better not disturb him 我们最好不要打扰他 第 21 页 共 80 页 What had we better do 我们最好怎么办 英语中考考纲基础知识练习 形容词和副词 A卷 选择填空 1 Peter looked when he learned that he hadn t passed the final exam A sadly B sad C happily D happy 2 Jack did badly at the school sports meeting I did even A worse B worst C more bad D more badly 3 Billy is your mother cooking meat in the kitchen It smells so A well B badly C nice D pretty 4 The car stopped so that the bus behind almost ran into it A closely B immediately C suddenly D soon 5 We must finish cleaning the office A as soon as possible B as quickly as soon C as possible as soon D as soon as possibly 6 What she said this time sounds A pleasantly B nicely C friendly D truly 7 I didn t work my brother when I was young A as hard as B harder C hardest D hardly 第 22 页 共 80 页 8 I m going to move It s too noisy in our neighbourhood A somewhere quiet B quiet somewhere C anywhere D quiet anywhere 9 Last year 15 typhoons 台风 hit China and Khanun was A strong B strongest C stronger D the strongest 10 It s a good habit to keep the classroom all the time A cleanly B clearly C clear D clean 11 When class was over our maths teacher came into the classroom and said Please stay at your seat I have got to announce A nothing important B important something C important nothing D something important 12 In the exam the you are the mistakes you ll make A less careful fewer B more careful less C less careful few D more careful fewer 13 What is joke you have ever heard A more funny B the more funny C the most funny D the funniest 14 This kind of material feels silk A differently from B the same to C different as D different from 15 A recent survey showed that Jingjing and Huanhuan were among the five Olympic mascots 吉祥物 A popular B more popular C most popular D the most popular 16 A Is there in today s newspaper B Yes Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully A nothing new B anything new C new nothing D new anything 17 Visitors in the orchard can eat as fruit as they want 第 23 页 共 80 页 A many B more C much D most 18 All of us were very when we heard the news A excited exciting B excited excited C exciting exciting D exciting excited 19 Eddie my best frind Ben A is as high as B works as careful as C doesn t sing as beautifully as D writes more better than 20 Tom never does his homework Alice So he makes more mistakes A as carefully as B so careful as C less carefully than D more careful than 21 Water pollution is one of in our country A serious problem B the more serious problems C most serious problems D the most serious problems 22 The pizza was too small so she decided to look for to eat A large something B something else C something other D other something 23 We are too tired and hungry So our steps are getting A slow and slower B slower and slowest C slower and slower D more and more slowly 24 Most children in our kindergarten like to play with Barbie girls They look so A nicely B happily C beautifully D lovely 25 In winter Chinese students like to kick the Jianzi 毽子 to keep themselves A warm B warmly C cold D coldly 26 In order to keep healthy you should eat fast food fresh vegetables and take 第 24 页 共 80 页 enough excises A fewer fewer B fewer more C less more D less fewer 27 Don t worry My sister is to take care of little Betty A enough carefully B enough careful C carefully enough D careful enough 28 Of all the students in our class Jack is A taller B tallest C the tallest D very tall 29 In order to get full marks Tim always does his lessons very A more carefully B most carefully C much carefully D carefully 30 A Is there in today s newspaper B Yes It says that President Hu Jintao has reached Washington A anything important B any important thing C important anything D any thing important 词性变换 1 I don t like him and it would be of me to do the opposite honest 2 Our holidays in Thailand were really and unforgettable enjoy 3 The government is doing everything possible to help those people after the earthquake home 4 Put on the glasses so that you can see the word on the blackboard clear 5 The war made millions of people home 6 What is the most animal in the forest power 7 It is to travel by train than by air cheap 8 It is for him to finish the job in two hours He is so slow possible 第 25 页 共 80 页 9 over 28 000 civilians 平民 lost their lives during the three year war in Iraq sad 10 I feel quite comfortable at home when it is raining outside heavy 11 Jack is such a fellow for he always leaves this or that at the office forget 12 It is not to eat food with Sudan I 苏丹红1号 safely 13 Lily is enough to get the prize in the 2006 Shanghai Junior High School English Contest luck 14 We d better drive our cars on rainy days slow 15 One starry night when the seven little dwarfs went back home from work they found something at once usual B卷 1 I m shortsighted and I can t see the words on the notice board A clear B clearly C carefully D good 2 Jean works hard but she doesn t work Mary A as harder than B as hard than C as harder as D as hard as 3 This is book in our library A the most interesting B most interesting C the more interesting D more interesting 4 Do you think maths is important than English A very B as C more D quite 第 26 页 共 80 页 5 They got a Christmas tree and it was ours A so tall as B so taller as C as tall as D as taller as 6 Tom failed in the exam He looked A happy B sadly C upset D lovely 7 A taxi doesn t run as as an underground train A fast B faster C fastest D more fast 8 Yangpu Bridge is one of in the world A bigger bridge B the biggest bridge C the biggest bridges D bigger bridges 9 I ve got an A for my history Judy said A sadly B sad C happily D happy 10 I think the song in the film Titanic is one of all the movie songs A the most beautiful B most beautiful C a beautiful D much more beautiful 11 The little baby looks A lovely B carefully C heavily D sadly 12 Her cousin can draw an artist A as well as B not so well as C as better as D as good as 13 Jinmao Tower is building in Shanghai A high B tall C highest D the tallest 14 30 000 dollars is a large amount of money but it s than we need A far more B very much C far less D very little 15 Mr Smith thought the Century Park was the second in Shanghai A large B larger C largest D very large 16 I think Yao Ming the famous basketball player will be new star in NBA 第 27 页 共 80 页 A ho