湖南省茶陵县高中英语Unit1TheworldofoursensesGrammarandusage课件牛津译林版必修3.ppt

Unit1 Unit1Theworldofoursenses GrammarandusageIntroductiontonounclauses Nounclausesbeginningwiththatorif wheather 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫 NounClauses 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任 等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 名词从句 名词从句 主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 Hisjobisimportant Whathedoesisimportant 主语 Thisishisjob Thisiswhathedoeseveryday 表语 Idon tlikehisjob Idon tlikewhathedoeseveryday 宾语 Idon tknowabouttheman Mr White Idon tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher 同位语 1 Wecanuseanounclauseasthesubjectofasentence ThatIcanpaybackthehelppeoplegivememakesmehappy Whetherhe llbeabletocomeisnotyetknown Whytheyhavenotleftyetisnotclearsofar Nounclauses Wecanuseitasapreparatorysubject Itwasgoodnewsthateveryonegotbacksafely 2 Wecanuseanounclauseastheobjectofaverb preposition Iwonderif whetherthat sagoodidea I minterestedinwhothattallmanis Wecanuseitasapreparatorysubject Weallthoughtitgoodnewsthatthefoghadfinallygone Theconductorhasmadeitclearthatnobuseswillberunning 3 Wecanuseanounclauseasthepredicativeofbe Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar MyquestioniswhetherPollycanfindherwayhome 4 Wecanuseanounclauseinappositiontoanoun Shehadafeelingthatshewasbeingwatched Thenewsthathecouldn tcomemadeusupset 5 Weusethat if whetheroraquestionwordtobeginanounclause Nooneknewif whetherhelosthissightbecauseofanaccident Shecouldn timaginehowtheblindmanhadfoundher ReadthearticleonPage9anddescribethemainideainyourownwords Whilereading underlineallthenounclausesyoucanfindinthisarticle Paragraph1Thepossibilitythatpleasantsmellsmightreducepainhas Paragraph2Sinceitisbelievedthatstrongsmellscanaffectthesenses Paragraph3Scientistsareinterestedinwhetherthesenseofsmellisrelatedtopain Answers Theyarealsocuriousaboutwhetheritisthesameforbothsexes Now thestudyhasprovedthatforwomen pleasantsmellsreducepain Paragraph4Hesaysthatscientistshavealreadycollecteddatafrom40volunteers Headdsthatthisyear scientistswilltestanother60volunteersandwillbeinabetterpositiontoanalysetheresults Paragraph5Oneexplanationisthatwomen ssenseofsmellisbetterdevelopedthanthatofmen andislinkedtorecognizingthesmellofbabies Scientistsusedtobelievethatmothersrecognizetheirchildrenbysightonly Now theyhavebecomeconvincedthatthesenseofsmellalsohelps However whypleasantsmellsdonotreducepaininmenremainsapuzzleforscientists 名词性从句考点归纳 一 名词性从句的语序 1 名词性从句构成有两种 a That 陈述句e g Thatheisstillaliveisawonder 他还活着 真是奇迹 b 疑问词 句子的剩余成分e g Thisiswhatwearelookingfor 这就是我们所寻找的 2 疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序 不能用一般疑问句语序 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜 Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle F T 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗 Couldyoutellmewherehelives Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive T F 二 名词性从句连接词的选用 1 that和what的选用 that和what都可引导所有的 但是 what除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中 可作从句的主语 宾语或表语 而that在名词性从句中 只起 作用 名词从句 充当成分 不充当任何成分 连接 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Theresultis wewonthegame 4 Thisis wewanttoknow 5 Is hetoldustrue What That that what Fillintheblankswiththatorwhat what 6 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 Ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon what that what 2 if和whether的选用 whether和if都可以使用的情况 1 引导动词的宾语从句时 2 在be adj 之后时 3 在主语从句中 it用作形式主语时 只能用whether的情况 在非正式文体中 if ornot也是正确的 但与ornot直接连用时 只能用whether 即whetherornot 而不能用if 即ifornot 引导表语从句和同位语从句时 引导主语从句 且位于句首时 引导介词后的宾语从句时 后面直接跟动词不定式时 if引起歧义时 1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather if whether Whether Fillintheblankswithiforwhether 3 We reworriedabout heissafe 4 Idon tknow heiswellornot 5 Idon tknow ornotheiswell whether whether if whether 6 Thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 Idon tknow togo whether whether whether 其它连接代词和副词的连用 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义 正确的选择who which when where why how等连接词 这些连接词既具有 又起 同时在从句中充当 疑问含义 连接作用 各种成分 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃 Idon tknow broketheglassyesterday When who 我不知道他长的什么样子 Ihavenoidea helookslike 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方 Thisis Ileftmyglasses what where 引导词that的省略 that引导主语从句 并且主语从句 由it作形式主语时 that 2 that引导宾语从句时 可以省略 但如果有两个that引导的宾语从句 则第二个宾语从句中的that 后置 不可省略 不可省略 3 介词后的宾语从句中的that 4 如果that连接的宾语从句中紧接着一个由其他连词引导的状语从句 that 省略 5 引导同位语从句的连词that在句中 成分 且 省略 不可省略 不能 不充当 不可 下列名词性从句中的that是否可以省略 1 ItwasreportedthatthefootballteamwaswarmlyreceivedbytheQueen 2 Idon tbelievethathehaseverreadanyofShakespeare sworksorthathehaseverheardofhim 3 Hiscompositionisverygoodexceptthattherearesomespellingmistakes 4 Thecauseoftheaccidentliesinthatthedriverwascareless 5 Hesaidthat ifIdidnothavetime Imightchoosenottogo 6 Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthematchistrue 只有第2题第一个that可以省略 其他名词性从句中 that不可以省略 Completethesentences 1 Idon tthink sheiscoming 2 Itisapity hehasmadesuchamistake 3 Thereasonis heiscareless 4 Thenews ourteamwonthematchinspiredus that that that that 5 Idon tthinkitnecessary youshouldreadEnglishaloud 6 Hetoldme hisfatherhaddiedand hehadtomakealivingalone that that that 宾语从句的时态呼应 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时 从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任何一种时态 a 他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的 Hebelieves hisdreamwillcometruesomeday b 请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么 Pleasetellme whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday 2 如果主句谓语是过去时 从句谓语动词用一般用过去的某种时态 但从句表达的是客观事实 真理 自然规律等时 从句谓语通常用一般现在时 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备 Hetoldme 他说他已离开家乡十年了 Hetoldme 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的 Theteachertellus hewaspreparingfortheexamination hehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears lighttravelsinastraightline Readthearticleaboutoursensesonpage11andcircletherightwords Answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 if that that that whether that Completethestoryonpage11usingthat whetherorif Answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 that that that if whether that if whether that that 1 Itnowappears theyareinneedofhelp A thatB whichC whatD how2 Itisgoodnews theywillarriveinafewdays A whichB whatC thatD how 3 It Joedrivesbadly A thoughtthatB thinksthatC i