unit4grammar(2).doc

高一英语 M4 Unit4 Grammar doing做定语和状语Unit 4 GrammarV-ing as Attribute and Adverbial北京市航天中学 高一英语备课组Teaching aims: The students will be able to 1. know the meaning and the usage of V-ing used as adverbial and Attribute by discussing some example sentences. 2. use them in proper situations by doing some practice(filling in the form, combinating two sentences, and translation). Teaching procedures:Step 1. Presentation:Ask Ss fill in the form from the text and analyze them.1. I saw several young people enter the _ area _ around curiously. (waiting, looking)2. I stood for a minute _ them and then went to greet them. (watching)3. She stepped back _ surprised and put up her hands. (appearing)4. Akira bowed so his nose touched Georges _ hand. (moving)5. When Darlene Coulon fromFrance came _ through the door, she recognized Tony Garcias _ face. (dashing, smiling)Get the students to translate the sentences and analyze the use of V-doing1. 我看见几个年轻人进入到等候区，很好奇地四处看。 waiting用于等候的，用来修饰area，做定语。looking around- 四处看，环顾四周，用来修饰他们进来时伴随的动作，所以做状语。2. 我（在那）站了一会儿，看着他们，然后过去跟他们打招呼。 watching - 用于修饰我站在那时的状态，做状语。3. 她往后退了几步，看起来很奇怪，同时她举起了手。 appearing - 用于修饰后退时的表情，做状语。4. Akira鞠了个躬，因此他的鼻子碰上了George挥动的手。 moving- 用于修饰hand，表正在挥动的手，做定语。5. dashing-做状语，修饰动作came, smiling - 做定语,修饰名词face结论：doing在句中可以充当状语，用于修饰句中的动词，表示主动的动作或状态。 Doing在句中做定语，用于修饰名词正在发生的状态或该名词的用途。Step 2. Learn the usage of V- ing used as Adverbial.1. Help the Ss recognize the form and the meaning of Ving as adverbial.Ask the students to rewrite the sentences.1）I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them. = I stood for a minute and watched them 2). She stepped back appearing surprised = She stepped back and appeared surprised at the same time.结论：The Present Participle is used as adverbial（状语）Doing表示与句子谓语动词stood, stepped同时发生的动作，而且都是句子主语主动发出的动作，表伴随状语。2 Help the Ss to know the form and the meanings of the present participle. Ask the Ss to learn to match the present participle with adverbial clause. Present participle (划出第1句中的doing形式，并按句意填出相应的连词)a. Using your head, youll find a better way to solve the problem.-_ you use your head, you will find a good way to solve the problem. b. Four people entered the room， looking around curiously. - Four people enter the room _ looked around in a curious way.c. Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set. - _ he was poor, he couldnt afford a TV set,.d. Hearing the news, he got frightened.- _ he heard the news, he got frightened. e. The child slipped and fell heavily, hitting his head against the door.- The child slipped and fell_ heavily _ he hit his head against the door.f. Working day and night, he may not complete his task.- _ he works day and night, he may not complete his task.g. He stopped suddenly, remembering everything.- He stopped suddenly _ he remembered everything.Summary:Function: V-ing形式作状语. Meaning: V-ing形式作状语可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步，结果，方式或伴随情况。一般可变换为状语从句。Position: V-ing形式作状语放在主句前面或后面，中间可用逗号隔开。3Practice:1) Ask the students to rewrite the following sentences by using V-ing a. The old woman sat on the sofa, and watched TV. The old woman sat on the sofa, watching TV. (伴随)b. If you work hard, you will succeed.Working hard, you will succeed. （条件）c. Because he had no interest in the topic, he didnt go to the lecture.Having no interest in the topic, he didnt go to the lecture. （原因）d. He didnt study hard, thus he failed his test.He didnt study hard, thus failing his test. （结果）e. When I saw the picture, I couldnt help thinking of the days in Australia.Seeing the picture, I couldnt help thinking of the days in Australia. （时间）f. After I finished the work, I went out for a walk. After finishing the work, I went out for a walk. = Having finished the work, I went our for a walk. (doing的完成式表已经发生的动作)2) Let the Ss use V-ing as adverbial or adverbial clauses to describe the pictures.1) To ask the Ss to say something about pictures using V-ing or adverbial clauses to describe the pictures in groups.2) To present their descriptions to the whole class.Picture1. Picture2. What is the baby doing now? What is the boy doing now? (swim, smile) (watch TV, lie on the sofa, eat snacks)The little baby swims in the water, smiling. The boy watches TV and eats snacks, lying on the sofa.Picture 3: Picture 4 (swim, push the board) (sit by the table, listen to the radio)Finish the sentences:1. 由于没有收到答复，所以他决定再写一封信给他父亲。写完信后，他就去邮局寄了。_ _ _ the reply, he _ _ _ to his father again. _ _ it, he went to the post office to send it.2. 我们骑车去西山植树，一路上有说有笑。 We rode bikes to West Hill _ _ trees, _ and _.3. 由于是我们班最高的男生，汤姆总是很自豪。 _ the tallest boy in our class, Tom is very proud.Step 3. Learn to use Ving as attribute1 . Learn to use single Ving as attributeAsk the Students to observe the following sentence and then answer some questions.Exercise 1: Match Column A with Column B.A Bthe waiting area the hand which is movingthe moving hand the area for waitingSummary: 前置定语Position: 单个的V-ing形式作定语放在所修饰的名词前面。Meaning: A. 表示动作正在进行, 此时相当于一个定语从句 B. 表示所修饰名词的性质或用途.Practice: 翻译短语并归类： 1)a swimming pool 2)a sleeping child 3)a walking stick 4)the rising sun 5)a changing room 6)drinking water, 7) running water 8) a flying kite 9)working people 10)a writing table表用途：_表正在进行的动作：_2Learn to use Ving phrase as attribute.Show them two pictures and then ask them to have a summary about the usage of Ving form as attribute. 1) The woman teaching in the classroom is our Chinese teacher.2) The man running on the track is Liu Xiang.Summary: 后置定语1. Function: V-ing形式短语作定语. 2. Position:放在所修饰的名词之后。3) Exercise: 按例子用含doing形式的结构回答问题：1. The girl is standing under the tree. She is a dancer. Which girl is a dancer?The girl （who is） standing under the tree is a dancer.2. The man is sitting on the platform. He is my math teacher. Which man is my math teacher?_3. The lady is talking to the children. She comes from Britain. Which lady comes from Britain?_4. The man is walking along the river. He can play the piano. Which man can play the piano?_ Step 4: 综合练习一、. Books P29 Ex 2: choose the best word to fill in the form.二、. 用所给动词的适当形式填空,并指出充当的成分： _ (travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. He never went out in daylight,_(fear) that the police would recognize him. _(arrive) at the party, we saw Carol standing alone by the window. The snow lasted a week, _(result) in a traffic accident in the area. Workers _(build) the house work very hard. Many _(fly) kites are in the sky. Look out, the _(boil) water is very hot. They spent their night in the _(sleep) car.三.、翻译： 阅览室 _ 令人疲惫的旅行 _ 工作条件_ 洗衣机_ _（当参观这个城市的时候）,he went to see many of his old friends. When I went in, he was lying on the floor, _(盯着窗户看) _(朝教室外面看)， he saw his mother coming. 有几个学生在操场上踢足球。 There are several students _. 挂在墙上的那幅画是我爸爸画的。 The picture _ is painted by my father. 正在教室里跳舞的那个女孩是我们的班长。 The girl _ is our monitor. 四、写作练习：What time and what date is it?Whats on the table？ （all kinds of delicious food）What are they doing now? (sit at the table, wait for their children, )What does Father want to do? How about Mother? (telephone, look back at the door, feel disappointed)五、单项选择：1. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered at the party, but not .Ato arrive; leaving Bto arrive; to leave Carriving; leaving Darriving; to leave2. in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.ATo wait BHave waited CHaving waited DTo have waited 3. _ with a mental disability is perhaps most difficult challenge a human can face in life. A. Lived B. Living C. Being lived D. Being living4. _ the latest technologies, Chinese scientists grow vegetables in greenhouse.A. To use B. Use C. Using D. Used5. Lets make new rules and use new technology _ sure that factories are green and clean.A. making B. made C. make D. to make6. The flowers _sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt7. While watching TV, _. A. the doorbell rang B. the door bell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rang8. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week _ TV. A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch9. He is looking forward to _ what is happening over there. A. see B. seeing C. seen D. saw10. -Did you play cards again last weekend? - Rather than _ time playing cards, I devoted every effort to _ the report.A. waste, writing B. wasted, writing C. to waste, write D. wasting, write11. My cousin came to see me from the country, me a full basket of fresh fruits Abrought Bbringing Cto bring Dhad brought12. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket_ the desert. A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover13. If you think that treating a woman well means alw