00-01年职称英语卫生类A级真题及答案.doc

2011年职称英语等级考试真题(卫生类A级) 第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 11 wanted to ask her out but was scared that she might refuse Aafraid Banxious Csure Dsad2She always finds fault with everythingAsimplifies Bcriticizes Cevaluates Dexamines3At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happenedAgive Battach Close Dunderstand4I got a note from Moira urging me to get in touchAinstructing Bpushing Cnotifying Dinviting 5Jane said that she couldnt tolerate the long hoursAstand Bspend Ctake D1ast6The sea turtles natural habitat has been considerably reducedAsuddenly Bgreatly Cgenerally Dslightly7Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to doAsaying Bdoubting Cthinking Dknowing8At 80，Peck was still vigorous and living in ParisAhappy Benergetic Calone Dbusv9A young man is being hailed a hero tonight after rescuing two childrenAreported Bproved Ccaught Dpraised10He asserted that nuclear power was a safe and nonpolluting energy sourceAmaintained Brecommended Cconsidered Dacknowledged 11It is possible to approach the problem in a different wayAhandle Braise Cpose Dexperience12The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science coursesArelative Bgeneral Ccontinuous Dshard13For some obscure reason，the simple game is becoming very popularAobvious Bmajor Cunclear Dminor14The decision to invade provoked storms of protestAignored Borganized Ccaused Dreceived15Forester stared at his car，trembling with rage Aturning Bjumping Cshouting Dshaking第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题l分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。16To treat pain，patients should stop moving around ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 17Headaches are partly caused by lack of exercise ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 18Exercise helps to take the pressure off the site of pain A Right BWrong CNot mentioned 19Doctors often use drugs such as endorphins to treat patients ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 20Backache sufferers often end up taking more than one drug to kill pain ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 21Exercise helps pain sufferers to recover more quickly than traditional treatment ARight BWrong CNot mentioned 22New pain clinics ask patients to give up drugs completely ARight BWrong CNot mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分) 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个最佳标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 23Paragraph 1_. 24Paragraph 2_. 25Paragraph 3_. 26Paragraph 4_. 27Sleep helps brain to_. 28Parents with very young children tend to_. 29A good lifestyle means one can_. 30It is good advice for most people to_. 第4部分:阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 31What is used to describe the communication network consisting of cells in the immune system? AThe immune systems memory BImmune troops eliminating intruders CBees flying around a hive DA sea of microbes 32The immune cells and other cells in the body coexist peaceably in a state known as Aself-tolerance Bbalance Charmony Dtolerance 33How do the immune cells recognize an antigen as“foreign”or“nonself”? AThrough an allergic response BThrough blood type C.Through characteristic shapes on the antigen surface D.Through fine hairs protruding from the antigen surface 34Which of the following statements is true? A.Allergens are usually harmful substances B.Antigens can trigger an immune responseC.People with antigens do not suffer from obvious responses D.There is no difference between an antigen and an allergen 35Which of the following best expresses the main idea of this passage? AAn antigen is any substance that triggers an immune response BOne of the immune systems primary functions is the allergic response CThe human body is an appropriate habitat for microbes DThe basic function of the immune system is to distinguish between self and nonself36People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that Atheyre popular Btheyre useful Ctheyre cheap Dtheyre convenient 37.The word“detected”in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by Acured Bremoved Cdiscovered Dcaused38The salesman retired young because Ahe disliked using mobile phones Bhe was tired of talking on his mobile phone Chis employers doctor persuaded him to Dhe couldnt remember simple tasks 39On the safety issue of mobile phones，the manufacturing companies A.deny the existence of mobile phone radiation B.develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiationCtry to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health Dhold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about 40The writers purpose of writing this article is to advise people Ato buy mobile phones Bto use mobile phones less often Cto update regular phones Dto stop using mobile phones41Antimicrobial resistance has become a global public health issue because Anew antibiotics are too expensive for poor countries Binfections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria have killed a lot of people Cscientists know nothing about multi-drug resistant bacteria Dthere may be few or no treatment to infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria 42The word“prudentin paragraph I is closest in meaning to Aunwise Bcareful Cwasteful Dwidespread 43The article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases found that Aa new multidrug resistant bacterium has appeared Bsome bacteria have developed a new gene to resist almost all antibiotics Csome infections are caused by antibiotics Dsome countries are successful in controlling multitrug resistant microorganisms 44WH()recommends governments to focus on the following areas EXCEPT Aeducation on the use of antibiotics Bkeeping hospitals from storing more antibiotics than they can use Ccontrol of antibiotic use Dintroduction of new regulations on the sale of antibiotics 45We learn from the passage that Aantimicrobial resistance was not noticed until 2010 Bwithout WHO，no country will be safe in the war against antimicrobial resistance CWHO will focus its prevention and control efforts in poor countries Dfurther study is needed to deal with the transmission of multidrug resistant bacteria第5部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分) 下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 AThis mountain rises 1，5 3 2 feet making it the highest mountain on the Atlantic seaboard BIt is split almost in half by Somes Sound，a deep and narrow stretch of water，seven miles long CThe wealthy residents of MtDeserts Island selfishly kept it to themselves DMtDesert island is one of the most famous of all the islands left behind by the glacier EThe term comes from the activity of the ice age FIt also lies in a major bird migration lane and is a resting spot for many birds第6部分：完形填空(第5165题，每题1分，共15分) 下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。 51 Areported Bexpected Cmarked Dcaused 52 Aplays Bexists Ckeeps Dmaintains 53 Ausually Bexactly Ccompletely Dparticularly 54 Aactive Binactive Cfaithful Dunaffected 55 Ayet Bstill Chowever Duntil 56 Afact Baddition Cgeneral Dtotal 57 Aalong Bbeside Cat Daround 58 Aadvise Bpropose Csuggest Drecommend 59 Abrief B1ate Cpeak Dlong 60 A1ed Bbrought Creturned Dturned 61 Arising Bbalancing Cjumping Ddeclining 62 Aabove Bfrom Csince Dover 63 Aremains Bseems Cexpands Dbecomes 64 Aactivity Bpicture Cperformance Dquality 65 Aas Ball Cand Dexcept2011年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析(卫生类A级) 第一部分：词汇选项1A【解析】题意：我想约她出来但是害怕她有可能拒绝。划线词scared意思是“吃惊的、害怕的”。A项afraid担心，害怕。例句：Im afraid that I will be late我担心我要迟到了。B项anxious忧虑。例句：Im very anxious about the speech contest我对此次演讲比赛十分忧虑。C项sure肯定。例句：I think you are not quite sure about it我认为，你们对这一点并不能完全肯定。D项sad悲伤。例句：Her eyes moistened as she listened to the sad story听着这悲伤的故事，她的眼睛湿润了。很明显A项正确。2B【解析】题意：她总是事事加以非难(挑剔)。划线部分find fault with即可。fault的意思是“挑剔，找毛病，批评”。A项simplify简化。例句：That will simplify my task那可简化了我的工作。B项criticize批评。例句：You should not criticize him so harshly in his face你不应该当面这么严厉地批评他。C项evaluate评价。例句：Lets evaluate the evidence让我们评定一下此证据的价值。D项examine调查，考试。例句：It is necessary to examine how the proposals can be carried out有必要调查一下怎样才能实施这些方案。很明显B项正确。3D【解析】题意：当时，我们没有理解所发生事情的重要性。划线词grasp的意思是“领会，理解”。A项give意为给。例句：Have you given the waiter a tip?你给侍者小费了吗?B项attach意为附上，加上。例句：I attach a copy of my notes for your information我附上笔记一份供你参考。C项lose意为丢失，丧失。例句：I lost my wallet yesterday我昨天丢了钱包。D项understand意为理解，领悟。例句：I dont understand what youre talking about我不明白你在说什么。很明显D项正确。4B【解析】题意：我从Moira那里得到一张便条，催促我尽快联系。划线词urge的词义为“催促”。A项instruct意为教导，指示。例句：His uncle instructed him in French他的叔叔教他法语。B项push意为催促。例句：Youd better not push me for an answer to your request你最好不要催促我答复你的请求。C项notify意为宣告，通知。例句：Please notify us of any change of address地址如有变动，请通知我们。D项invite意为邀请。例句：She showed me her gratitude by inviting me to dinner她邀请我吃晚饭以表示感谢。很明显B项正确。5A【解析】题意：简说她无法忍受这么长时间。划线词tolerate的词义是“容忍”。A项stand意为站立，忍受。例句：I dont think the chair is firm enough to stand on我觉得这椅子不够稳固，不能站人。B项spend意为花费。例句：You really shouldnt spend so much effort on it你真不该在这件事上花费这么大的精力。C项take意为拿，取。例句：Please take the trash to the garbage carl请将垃圾扔到垃圾筒里去。D项last意为持续。例句：The hot weather lasted until September炎热的天气持续到九月。很明显A项正确。6B【解析】题意：海龟的自然生存环境大大的恶化了。划线词的意思为“相当大的”。A项suddenly意为突然地。例句：Suddenly he began to shriek loudly突然他开始大声尖叫起来。B项greatly意为大大地。例句：His writing has improved greatly in this semester这学期他的写作有了很大进步。C项generally意为一般地。例句：Generally speaking，this is impossible一般来说，这是不可能的。D项slightly意为轻微地。例句：He is slightly drunk他有些醉了。很明显B项正确。7A【解析】题意：安德森离开了桌子，同时说道他有些工作要去做。划线词remark的意思是“说，讲”。A项say意为说。例句：Be quiet，Ive something to say to you安静，我有话要对你们讲。B项doubt意为怀疑。例句：I doubt the truth of it我怀疑此事的真实程度。C项think意为想。例句：Independent thinking is an absolute necessity独立思考是绝对必要的。D项know意为知道。例句：Theres no knowing what they will d0没法知道他们会做些什么。很明显A项是正确选项。8B【解析】题意：佩克八十岁时仍然精力旺盛地生活在巴黎。划线词的词义为“精力旺盛的”。A项happy意为幸福的。例句：The old couple have a happy life那对老夫妇过着幸福的生活。B项energetic意为精力旺盛的。例句：His son is an energetic child他的儿子是个精力旺盛的孩子。C项alone意为单独的。例句：No one knows why he is always alone没有人知道为什么他总是一个人。D项busy意为繁忙的。例句：It seems that she has a busy day today好像她今天很忙。很明显B项正确。9D【解析】题意：在营救出两名儿童之后，一年轻男子被欢呼拥立为英雄。划线词hail的词义是“向欢呼致贺”。A项report意为报告。例句：It is reported that 20 people were killed in the accident这次事故据说有20人死亡。B项prove意为证明。例句：The facts proved her assumption wrong事实证明她的设想是错的。C项catch意为抓住。例句：I caught him peeping at my paper他偷看我的论文让我当场抓住了。D项praise意为称赞，表扬。例句：The teacher praised her for her courage老师赞扬了她的勇气。很明显D项正确。10A【解析】题意：他断言核能是一种安全而又无污染的能源。划线词的词义为“主张，断言”。A项maintain意为主张，强调。例句：He maintains that there are no short cuts to effective management他断言，有效的管理没有捷径可走。B项recommend意为推荐。例句：I recommended(you)meeting him first我建议(你)先见见他。C项consider意为考虑。例句：Please take time to consider the problem请仔细考虑一下这个问题。D项acknowledge意为承认。例句：He is unwilling to acknowledge defeat他不愿认输。很明显A项正确。11A【解析】题意：完全有可能以不同的方式来处理这个问题。划线词的词义为“处理，对待”。A项handle意为处理。例句：I was impressed by her handling of the affair我觉得她对此事的处理很了不起。B项raise意为抬起，提高。例句：Im glad you raise that point你把那一点指出来，我很高兴。C项pose意为提出。例句：Allow me to pose several questions允许我提出几个问题。D项experience意为体验，经历。例句：I have experienced that the sunrise can be SO beautiful我发现日出真美。很明显A项正确。12C【解析】题意：该项研究还表明选学理科课程的大学生数量在持续下降。划线词的词义是“稳定的，持续的”。A项relative意为相关的。例句：The teacher asked me some questions relative to my paper老师问了我一些和我的论文有关的问题。B项general意为总的。例句：I get the general impression that they arent very happy我对他们的总体印象是他们过得并不是很幸福。C项continuous意为连续的。例句：The atmosphere is a continuous layer of gases大气圈是连续的气体层。D项sharp意思为急剧的。例句：The car turned sharp left那部车向左急转弯。很明显C项正确。13C【解析】题意：不知什么原因，这项简单的运动变得非常流行。划线词obscure词义为“不清楚的，不明了的”。A项obvious意为明显的。例句：It is obvious that she is very clever很明显，她挺聪明。B项major意为较大的，主要的。例句：The city holds the major portion of the population in the country那个城市聚集了全国大部分人口。C项unclear意为不清楚的。例句：Reason of the attack remains unclear攻击的原因仍不清楚。D项minor意为较小的，不重要的。例句：We can only make minor concessions，but it mightbreak the deadlock我们只能做些较小的让步，但这就可能打破僵局。很明显C项正确。14C【解析】题意：入侵的决定引起了抗议的风暴。划线词provoke的词义为“引起，激发”。A项ignore意为忽视。例句：If thereS one meal that is ignored nowadays，it is breakfast如果有一顿饭被忽视的话，那就是早餐。B项organize意为组织。例句：The meeting was badly organized会议组织得很糟。C项cause意为引起，使发生。例句：Many diseases are caused by bacteria许多疾病是由细菌引起的。D项receive意为收到。例句：He must start to question the received opinions他必须开始质疑自己已经接受的观点。很明显C项正确。15D【解析】题意：福雷斯特盯着他的车，气得发抖。划线词的词义是“发抖，战栗”。A项turn意为转动，例句：Turning to the left of me，I glimpsed the quays，the harbor我把头转向左方，一眼望见了港口的码头。 B项jump意为跳跃，例句：Jumping and throwing have different competing arenas跳跃和投掷项目的竞技场所不同。 C项shout意为呐喊，例句：He was slapped for his shouting他因大喊大叫而受到斥责。 D项shake意为发抖，战栗，例句：His voice shook with fear他害怕得声音发抖。 很明显D项正确。第二部分：阅读判断 答题方法与技巧： 一、(先不要看短文)首先把16至22的选题划出重要的关键词(以专有名词、数词、年份、形容词比较级、最高级，以及主语、谓语等为主)，并快速把每一句都翻译过来。二、其次按关键词回到短文进行查读，以便确定选项。16B【解析】题意：为了治疗疼痛，患者应该停止到处活动。关键词：patience患者；stop moving around停止到处活动在第1段的第2行：“患有慢性疼痛的人不应总是躺着，多外出，并要开始锻炼。”据此可判断应选B项。17C【解析】题意：头痛部分是因为缺乏锻炼所致。关键词：headache头痛；caused引起；lack of exercise缺乏锻炼文中第1段第5行：“继头痛和疲乏之后，背痛已成为人们去看医生的第三大原因。”除此句中有。“头痛”之外，全文再没有出现。无处查找“头痛”的原因。据此判断应选C项。18A【解析】题意：锻炼有助于清除痛处的压力。关键词：exercise锻炼；the pressure压力；the site of pain痛处文中第2段的第2句：“缺少锻炼，会慢慢地降低肌肉的灵活性和强度，结果会更加难于减轻痛处的压力。”据此判断应选A项。19B【解析】题意：医生经常使用像内啡肽之类的药物给病人治病。关键词：use drugs使用药物；such as endorphins如内啡肽；treat patients治疗病人文中第2段4至5行：“锻炼很重要，它可以产生内啡肽，这是体内感觉良好的化学药剂，是天然的止痛药。”据此可判断应选B项。20A【解析】题意：背痛患者往往不再服用其他更多的药物来止痛。关键词：backache sufferers背痛患者；end up终结；more than one其他更多的文中第3段的第3行末到第4行：“随着疼痛的延续，患者不再服用强剂或一系列的不同药物。”据此判断应选A项。21A【解析】题意：锻炼比传统治疗可使患者康复的更快。关键词：exercise锻炼；to recover more quickly恢复地更快；traditional treatment传统治疗文中最后一句：“进行这种治疗的患者要比那些接受更为保守治疗的患者能够更早地返回工作岗位和重新开始健康积极的生活。”据此判断应选A项。22B【解析】题意：新的疼痛诊所要求病人完全放弃药物治疗。关键词：New pain clinics新的疼痛诊所；give up drugs completely完全放弃药物治疗文中第4段的第1行：“新一代的疼痛诊所已建立起来，基本的理念是最好避开用药。”据此判断应选B项。第三部分：概括大意与完成句子23E【解析】第1段的第三句为主题句，意思为：“可是，我们为什么需要睡眠呢?”E选项Why do we need sleep?我们为什么需要睡眠?与主题句意义吻合，据此可判断应选E项。 24D【解析】第2段的第2句为主题句，意思为：“人们倾向于熬夜或起早的原因多半与生活方式、年龄和个性有关。”D项What makes people owls or larks?什么原因使人熬夜或早起?与主题句意思吻合，据此可判断应选D项。25A【解析】第3段的第5行为此段的主题句，意思为：“那么喜欢熬夜还是喜欢早起的生活方式，哪一种对学习更好呢?”A选项Which is better，being an owl or lark?熬夜或早起，哪一个更好?与主题句意思相近，据此可判断选A项。26B【解析】第4段的第5行：“你应该避开小睡。”倒数第2行：“晚上要避开咖啡，。”B项What should we avoid?我们应当避免什么?据此可判断应选B项。27C【解析】题意：睡眠有助于大脑_。根据文中第1段第3行：“我们需要睡眠以便大脑获取重建白天储存记忆的机会。”C项rebuild memories stored during the day重新建立白天储存的记忆。因此可判断C项为正确答案。28E【解析】题意：有孩童的父母倾向于_。根据文中第2段第3句：“许多起早的人可能是早已完全形成的习惯，比如有婴儿的父母。”而E项get up quite early起的非常早。与题意非常吻合，因此可判断应选E项。29B【解析】题意：好的生活方式是指一个人能够_。根据文中第3段最后一句：“在工作、娱乐和睡眠充足以达到最大精神恢复方面，过一种很好平衡的生活才可能是其秘密所在。”而B项sleep enough to bring most refreshment睡得足以达到最大精神恢复。与题意相符，据此可判断应选B项。30F【解析】题意：建议大多数人最好_。根据短文倒数第2行：“向大多数人提出的最好建议是晚上不喝咖啡。”F项keep away from coffee in the evenin9晚上远离咖啡。很明显可判断出应选F 项。第四部分：阅读理解第一篇31C【解析】题意为：下列哪一项用于描述免疫系统中由细胞组成的信息网络?根据文中第1段第45行的内容：“这些细胞组成了无数的窝穴和小窝穴，就像大群的蜜蜂围绕着蜂巢来来回回地传递着信息。”C项Bees flying around a hive意思为围绕蜂巢群心的蜜蜂。与文中内容符合，因此可判断应选C项。32A【解析】题意为：在称作状态下，人体内的免疫细胞和其他细胞可以平和地共存。根据文中第2段第6行内容：“免疫细胞和其他人体细胞在称为自身耐受的状态下可以和平共存。”A项self-tolerance意思为自身耐受，与原文内容相符，因此可判断应选A项。33C【解析】题意为：免疫细胞是如何识别抗原为“外来”或“非己”的?根据文中第3段倒数第6行内容：“抗原是通过称为抗原表位的复杂而又特有的形状来宣布它的外来者的。”C项Through characteristic shapes on the antigen surface意思为通过抗原表面上的特有形状。与文中内容相符，据此可判断应选C项。34B【解析】题意为：下列哪一项陈述是真实的?根据文中第3段的第1句：“能够激发免疫反应的任何物质就可以称为抗原。”而B项Antigens can trigger an immune response意思为抗原能够激发免疫反应。据此可判断应选B项。35D【解析】题意为：下列哪一项最好地表达了本文的主题思想?考察“本文主题思想”这类题的解答最好将本文的标题“免疫功能”与4个选项结合起来考虑，先据此推断应从B项与D项来选择，然后根据B项和D项的内容快速回原文查读，文中第2段第1句：“免疫系统的核心就是识别自我与非自我的能力。”D项The basic function of the immune system is to distinguish between self and nonself免疫系统的基本功能就是鉴别自我与非自我。据此可判断应选D项。第二篇36C【解析】题意为：人们因下列原因而买手机，除哪一项之外。根据文中第1段的第2行：“，cell phones are very popular with young people与A项内容相符；文中最后1段的第3行：“Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient”与B项与D项内容相符。据此可判断C项They are cheap(它们廉价。)不是人们买手机的原因据此判断C项正确。37C【解析】题意为：第3段中的“detected”一词由下列哪一项替换最合适?本题中detected意为“发现，察觉”。A项cured意为治疗；B项removed意为移掉；C项discovered 意为发现；D项caused意为引起。很明显可以看出正确答案为C项。38D【解析】题意为：推销员在年轻的时候就退休了，是因为。根据文中第3段第4行：“一个很年轻的流动推销员因为严重的失忆而不得不退休。四个选项中A 项he dislikes using mobile phones他不喜欢用手机；B项he was tired of talking on his mobile phone他厌倦用手机说话；C项his employers doctor persuaded him to他的雇主医生劝他退休；D项