初中被动语态讲解.ppt课件

被动语态 ThePassiveVoice Cindy 英语动词有两种语态 主动语态 theActiveVoice 被动语态 thePassiveVoice A 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 B 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Weplantedthetree Thetreewasplantedbyus 注 后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态 WespeakEnglish 主语 谓语 宾语 Englishisspokenbyus 主语 谓语 宾语 主动语态 被动语态 Theycleanedtheclassroomyesterday 昨天他们打扫了教室 Theclassroomwascleanedbythemyesterday 昨天教室被他们打扫了 1 一般现在时 is am are 及物动词的过去分词2 一般过去时 was were 及物动词的过去分词3 现在 过去完成时 has have had been 及物动词的过去分词4 一般将来时 will be 及物动词的过去分词5 含有情态动词 情态动词 be 及物动词的过去分词6 现在进行时 am is are being 及物动词的过去分词 歌诀 被动语态be字变 过去分词跟后面 找一找规律 一 被动语态基本用法 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时 谓语的形式是主动语态 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时 谓语要用被动语态 被动语态由助动词be 过去分词构成 时态通过be表现出来 be 过去分词 二 被动语态的基本结构 有各种时态的变化 1 规则动词的过去分词 1 一般情况在动词原形后加 ed watch watched 2 以不发音e结尾的加 d practice practiced 3 以辅音加y结尾的 去y变i加 ed study studied 4 以重读闭音节结尾 末尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写该辅音字母 再加 ed stop stopped 2 不规则动词的过去分词 am is arewaswere been have has had do done write written go gone 动词过去分词的变化 1 NowEnglish bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword A speaksB isspokenC wasspoken 一般现在时的被动语态 主语 am is are PP 2 Thelostboy atthestreetcornerlastnight A wasfoundB isfoundC waslookedfor 一般过去时的被动语态 主语 was were PP 3 Moreman madesatellites inthefuture A willsendupB willbesentupC aresentup 一般将来时的被动语态 主语 will be PP主语 begoingto be PP 4 Threebridges sincelastyear A havebuiltB werebuiltC havebeenbuilt 现在完成时的被动语态 主语 have has been PP 5 Flowers everyday A hasbeenwateredB shouldbewateredC shouldwater 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 be PP 四 主动语态变被动语态 1 把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语 2 把谓语动词变成被动结构 be 过去分词 根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数 以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式 3 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语 将主格改为宾格 如 Theymakethebikesinthefactory Thebikes inthefactory aremade them by 主变被步骤 1 找宾语 即动作的承受者 改为主语 Hewashedhiscaryesterday Hiscar 3 判断新主语的单复数 确定be动词的单复数 be 4 判断动词的时态 即be动词的时态 2 修改谓语的语态 即be 原V 过去分词 washed 5 修改原句的主语 即by 主语 变宾格 byhim yesterday iswas was 1 Tombrokethewindow Thewindow 2 Shebrokethewindows Thewindows 3 Hecleanstheclassroomeveryday Theclassroom wasbroken byTom werebroken byher iscleaned byhim be动词的单复数变化 everyday 1 Theywillfinishtheworkintendays Theworkintendays willbefinished bythem 2 Theyaregoingtohaveashowtomorrow Ashow isgoingtobehad bythem tomorrow 1 Amycantakegoodcareofthecat Thecat canbetakengoodcareof byAmy 2 Theyshouldsingsomebeautifulsongs Somebeautifulsongs bythem shouldbesung 四 被动语态的特殊情况 1 在主动语态中 make let hear see watch notice等词 其后跟省略to的动词不定式 动词原形 在变为被动语态时 必须还原动词不定式符号to 如 1 Weheardhimsingthissongintheroom Hewasheardtosingthissongintheroom 2 Thebossmadehimwork14hoursaday Hewasmadetowork14hoursaday 3 Iseehimwalktoschool Heisseentowalktoschool Atrafficaccident happen justnow happened 2 连系动词 Link v 如 be look seem feel sound smell taste get turn become PekingOpera sound beautiful sounds 3 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候 Thepen write veryfast writes Thiskindofsweater sell well sells 1 不及物动词 vi 如 happen takeplace appear disappear 不用被动语态的动词 表示主语的自然属性特征 副词 well badly easily smoothly 常见动词 read write sell wash clean wear lock open cook shut dry eat drink Thebooks well A weresoldB sellC havesoldD arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth easily A haswashedB waswashedC washesD iswashed 1 Manyaccidents bycarelessdriverslastyear A arecausedB werecausedC havecausedD willcause2 Anofficial bysomereportersonfoodproblemsinShanghaiyesterday A isinterviewingB isinterviewedC wasinterviewingD wasinterviewed3 Todayalotofinformationcan online A receiveB bereceivedC isreceivedD receiving4 I mgladtofindthatmanytrees inourcitylastyear A plantB plantedC wereplantedD areplanted 5 DrivingafterdrinkingwineinChina A allowsB doesn tallowC isallowedD isn tallowed6 Don tworry Yourpackagehereuntilyoucomeback soenjoyshoppinghere A willkeepB haskeptC willbekeptD hasbeenkept7 It struethatShakespeare splay bysomanypeopleeveryyear A seeB willseeC areseeingD areseen Correctingmistake Correctthemistake s ineachsentenceifany 1 Twoboyshurtwhileplayingaball 2 ThesingerlivedinLondonuntilhewassendingtouniversity 3 Howlongdoyouthinkthemeetingwillbelasted 4 Classisbegunat7 30everyday 5 Hisplanissoundedgood 1 树要在春天种 2 树坑要挖得够大 但不要太深 3 把树放进坑里 扶直 4 把泥推回坑里 用脚踩实 5 在旁边插一根坚实的长棍子 并且保证棍子插直了 6 用绳子 rope 把棍子和树绑起来7 浇好水 根据提示写一篇以HowtoPlantaTree 为题目的短文 要求内容齐全 上下文连贯 尽量使用被动语态 80词左右 Writing 1 树要在春天种 2 树坑要挖得够大 但不要太深 3 把树放进坑里 扶直 4 把泥推回坑里 用脚踩实 5 在旁边插一根坚实的长棍子 并且保证棍子插直了 6 用绳子 rope 把棍子和树绑起来7 浇好水 beplanted bedug bigenough toodeep put into bekeptstraight push backto push hardwith knock into bekeptstraight betiedto with bewateredwell TreesmustbeplantedinSpring Theholemustbeduglargeenoughbutnottoodeep Putthetreeintotheholeanditmustbekeptstraight Pushtheearthbacktotheholeanditmustbepus