裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记_第九课.doc

第九课单词讲解课文讲解关键句型练习复习补充内容单词讲解New words and expressions welcome1) interj 迎接时打招呼用语eg. Welcome! Come in please. 欢迎！请进！eg. Welcome home. 欢迎回家。eg. Welcome back. 欢迎回来。eg. Welcome to China.eg. Welcome to Beijing.2) n. 接待，欢迎，相当于：greeting, receptiona cold welcome 冷遇a warm welcome 热烈欢迎3) adj 受欢迎的，令人愉快的a welcome change 受欢迎的改变welcome news 受欢迎的消息，令人愉快的消息4) 欢迎，迎接 (greet)eg. The clock refused to welcome the new year. 大钟拒绝迎接新年。eg. The children flew to welcome their mother. 孩子们飞奔着去迎接妈妈。5) You are welcome. （用作答谢的客套话）crowd n. a large number of people gathered togetherthe crowd 人们，人群eg. He pushed his way through the crowd. 他挤过人群。a large crowd of people 一大群人eg. There was a crowd of 20000 people at the football match. 在足球赛上有20000多人。crowded adj. 拥挤的a crowded train 拥挤的火车crowd （口） 伙伴the college crowd 大学同学，大学伙伴in crowds 成群地raise oneself above the crowd 出类拔萃gather1) v. 聚集collect together, come together in one placeeg. A crowd soon gathered. 一群人立刻聚了起来。eg. The clouds speedily gathered again. 很快乌云又密布了。eg. Gather round and Ill tell you a secret. 大家聚过来，我告诉你们一个秘密。2) 获知，推测eg. I gathered from her remarks that she wasnt satisfied with her job.我从她的评论得知她对工作并不满意。3) 把衣服裹在身上eg. She gathered a shawl around herself. 她把披肩围在身上。shawl :l （女用）披肩，围巾hand1) 手the back of the hand 手背lend a child by the hand 牵着一个孩子give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙raise ones hand 举手shake hands 握手wave ones hand 挥手wash ones hands 洗手； 洗手不干2) 指针the minute hand 分钟the hour hand 时针the second hand 秒针；二手的3) 方向，侧eg. I see a school on my right/left hand. 我在右/左手边看到一所学校。on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面，另一方面get the upper hand of 占上风hand and foot 手脚一起；完全地tie a person hand 五花大绑hand to hand 短兵相接show ones hand (to) 摊牌on all hands 四面八方shout 因愤怒或为引起注意而喊叫shout at sb 对大喊大叫（不礼貌）shout to sb 对大声喊（使听见）eg. I had to shout to make myself heard. 我只得喊，以使大家听见。cry （痛苦、惊讶等的自然反应）发出尖利的声音scream （痛苦、恐惧或激动）而喊叫（大而尖利的声音）refuse vt. rifju:zrefuse sth 拒绝refuse a gift 拒收礼物refuse an offer 拒绝给予refuse an invitation 拒绝邀请refuse ones help 拒绝某人帮助refuse to do 拒绝去做eg. The clock refused to welcome the New Year. 那只大钟拒绝迎接新年。eg. The car refused to start. 这车发动不起来。eg. The boy refused to lend me his dictionary 这个小孩拒绝借给我字典。refuse sb 拒绝某人eg. They refused him admittance. 他们把他拒之门外。admittance dmtns n.允许进入(或加入)权refuse vt. rifju:zrefuse refju:s n. U 垃圾，废物excuse ikskju:z (v.) 原谅excuse ikskju:s (n.) 借口accent ksent (v.) 重读accent ksnt (n.) 重音conduct kndkt (v.) 指挥，控制conduct kndkt (n.) 行为laugh v. 笑，大笑eg. He who laughs last laughs best. 笑在最后，笑得最好。laugh at danger 等闲视之比较：laugh 笑，大声笑smile 微笑grin rin 露齿而笑guffaw gf: 捧腹大笑，哄笑，大笑（贬）sneer sni 嘲笑；冷笑giggle il 咯咯地笑chuckle tkl 低声吃吃地笑；轻声地笑laugh v. 笑，大声笑laugh at sb 取笑，讥笑laugh to oneself 独自发笑smile at sb 对微笑make fun of sb 捉弄cant help laughing 忍不住大笑起来cant help crying 忍不住放声大哭laughter l:ft n. 笑，笑声a home full of laughter 充满笑声的一个家庭laughing adj. 快乐的，好笑的eg. Its no laughing matter. 这不是什么好笑的事情。laughing stock 笑柄课文讲解Text in the eveningon Wednesday eveningIt was the last day of the year 可表达为It was New Years Eve。a large crowd of people 一大群人or: a large number of people; a great many peoplestrike strike-struck-struck1) 敲，打strike twelve 敲响12点strike while the iron is hot. （谚）趁热打铁2) 施以（打击）eg. The man struck him a heavy box. 那人重重地打了他一拳。3) 碰撞eg. The ship struck against the rock./ The ship struck on the rock. 船撞上了岩石。4) 擦（火柴）strike a match 擦火柴5)突然想到某人、某个主意 (occur to)eg. A good idea struck me. 相当于：A good idea occurred to me.我突然想到一个好主意。be struck by 被打动eg. I was struck by its beauty. 我被它的美打动。6) n. 罢工be on strike 在罢工go on strike/go out on strike 举行罢工in twenty minutes time 在二十分钟后在将来时态，用in表示一段时间后。上面还可表达为：in twenty minutes timepass v. 通过，经过，传递pass-passed-passedeg. Half an hour passed. 半小时过去了。eg. I passed the exam easily. 我轻松地通过考试。eg. Pass me the salt please.请把盐递给我。waited and waited 等啊等We walked and waited 我们走啊走。We laughed and laughed. 我们笑个不停。happen vi. 偶然地发生eg. The accident happened at the street corner. 事故发生在这条街上的角落。happen to 发生于身上eg. She hoped nothing bad would happen to him. 她希望没有任何不好的事情发生在他身上。happen to do 偶然做eg. I happened to see him on the street. 我偶然在大街上碰到他。it happens that. 碰巧，恰好eg. It so happened that the famous actor was her brother. 碰巧那个著名演员是她哥哥。= The famous actor happened to be her brother.take place 通常指可预见的事eg. The contest took place yesterday. 比赛昨天举行。take the place of 代替，接替eg. Ill take my fathers place for a while. 我将暂时接替我父亲。past prep. 经过.；在.之后eg. Its five minutes past twelve. 现在12点过5分。eg. Its five minutes past two. 已经2点过5分了。eg. He walked past me. 他经过我身边。passed p:st 与 past p:st 同音at that moment 相当于just as：正在那时begin v. 开始begin to do begin doing 开始做某事eg. When did it begin to rain? 什么时候开始下雨的？ When did it begin raining?start to do start doingbegin at 以.开头begin at page 50 从50 页开始begin on page 50 （美）从50 页开始begin with 以作为开始eg. The story begins with the accidental death of a millionaire.这个故事以一个百万富翁的意外死亡作为开头。begin by （开始的方式）eg. She began by telling a joke. 她以讲笑话的方式作为开头。begin on + 着手做的对象eg. She began on the violin and later changed to the cello tel n.大提琴.她开始练小提琴后来改为练大提琴。beginning n. 开端from beginning to end 从头到尾from the beginningor； from the very beginning 从最开始very放在名词前起强调作用in the beginningor: at the beginning 在开始的时候文中的时间状语及介词的使用on Wednesday evening 在星期三的晚上in twenty minutes 二十分钟后at five to twelve 差五分钟十二点Its two minutes past twelve! 已经十二点过二分了！at that moment 在那一刻Special Difficulties对疑问句的两种不同的否定回答：Is there any tea in the pot?There isnt any tea in the pot.or: Theres no tea in the pot.Is there anyone at the door?There isnt anyone at the door.or: Theres no one at the door.Is there anybody at the door?There isnt anybody at the door.or: Theres nobody at the door.Is there anything in the box.There isnt anything in the box.or: Theres nothing in the box.Did you go anywhere yesterday?I didnt go anywhere yesterday.or: I went nowhere yesterday.Exercise: 用两种不同的方式来对以下疑问句作出否定回答：1. Have you any money?No, I dont have any money.No, I have no money.2. Did you go anywhere in the holidays?No, I didnt go anywhere in the holidays.No, I went no where in the holidays.3.Did you buy anything this morning?No, I didnt buy anything this morning.No, I bought nothing this morning.4. Was there anybody present when the accident happened?No, there wasnt anybody present when the accident happened.No, there was nobody present when the accident happened.Exercise: 用no来改写以下句子1. He hasnt any hobbies.He has no hobbies.2. He does not go anywhereHe goes nowhere.3.He does not see anybody.He sees nobody.4. He is not interested in anything except food.He is interested in nothing except food.小结：not any 换成 no，含义不变。关键句型 Key Structures 表时间的介词at ,in,on,from,till,during,notuntil等用法at 1) 在某时刻，时间之前Eg. Lunch was at one oclock.Eg. When did you arrive? I arrived at 10 oclock.2) 在固定短语之前at night,at noon,at teatime,at lunchtime, at the weekend3) Before festivals 在节日之前 at Christmas at Easter (复活节)in1) 在（一段时间）内Eg. The pigeon covered the distance in 3 minutes.2) 在月，季节，年的前面Eg. That was in 1640.in spring;in summer ; in July3) 表“之后”Eg. Ill come back in a day or two.4）固定短语 in the morning in the afternoon in the eveningon在某一天，某个早上，某天前夕等Eg. They arrived in Shanghai on May 20.Eg. On the Eve of their departure,they gave a farewell banquet. 在他们告别前夜，他们举办了一个告别宴会。from. till 从到（fromto）eg. They are busy from morning till night. They are busy from morning to night.during1) 在某段时间里的不确定时间eg.She woke many tines during the night.在夜里她醒了很多次。2) 在的这段时间（贯穿始终）eg.They didnt say a word during the mealnot until直到才（通常动词是个非延续性动词）eg.They didnt stop until after six oclock.他们直到六点钟才停下来。 after 在之后eg. I want it back the day after tomorrow. 我希望后天能拿回东西。eg. It is easy to be wise after the event. 事后诸葛亮。Exercise 用正确的介词填空： 1） He has gone abroad.He will return_ two years time.2） _Saturdays I always go to the market.3） I never go to the cinema_the week.4） He ran a hundred metres_thirteen seconds.5） I cant see him _ the moment.Im busy.6) My birthday is _November 7th. I was born in 1974.7)The days are very short _December.8) We arrived_the village late _night.We left early_the morning.深夜、大清早9) I shall not hear form him _tomorrow.Exercises1. How many times did the clock _ ?a.hit b.beat c.knock d.strike A.重重地一击，敲中；B连续不断地，有规律地敲打；C.敲出声音，让对方听到时；D不断的敲打；敲钟，钟鸣，报时。2.It was fifteen minutes_eleven. A. pass B. past C. passed D.pasted 分析： 表示“几点过几分”时只能用past,作为介词表“经过”的意思。A. pass 动词表“经过”B.C. passed是pass的过去式D. pasted是paste的过去式。3.It refused to welcome the New Year. It_. A. denied it B. wanted to C.didnt want to D. wished to 分析：选择C之后，使句子的意思同前面的句子It