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高中英语完形填空训练 武胜万善中学陈宏彬 完形填空 高考英语完形填空趋势 从近几年全国高考的完形填空来看 已经不再考核学生语法方面的知识了 而是从语义搭配 结构搭配 惯用搭配及逻辑知识等方面来测试学生词汇的掌握及运用 而且有些词的选择 必须在理解整篇文章的基础上 才能作出正确的判断 高考英语完形填空命题特点 1 短文长度200词左右 生词少 难度适中 2 首句无空格 提供语境 5 10词设一人名 地名 日期 数字不在之列 隔词数越少 题目越难 反之亦然 3 选项多为一词 偶会为词组 四选项为同一类词或属同一范畴 或近义或形异义 或与前后配成词组 故干扰性 迷性大 高考英语完形填空命题特点 4 考查单词以实词 v n adj adv pron 为主 虚词 conj prep 为辅 实词一般占80 90 其中又以动 名 形为主 5 以考查学生对文章的整体理解和词汇的意义把握为主 有些要结合常识才能正确选项 有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基础上 正确把握上下文的逻辑关系 才能正确判断和选择 英语完形填空解题步骤 通读全文 统揽全局 逐句分析 确定选项 通盘理解 上下一致 复读全文 核对答案 完形填空解题分类实例分析 一 按词类分 1 实词2 虚词3 词组二 按形式分 1 单纯性选择2 常识性选择 3 近义词选择4 近形词选择5 惯用法选择三 按句义选择四 按语义选择 一 按词类分 1 实词2 虚词3 词组二 按形式分 1 单纯性选择2 常识性选择 一 按词类分 1 实词2 虚词3 词组二 按形式分 1 单纯性选择2 常识性选择 按词类分 1 实词 例1 Everyonewantstobehealthyandhappy 1 illnessoraccidentsmayoccurwithout 2 1 a Obviouslyb Unfortunatelyc Naturallyd Occasionally2 a reasonb informationc warningd notice 按词类分 1 实词 例2 Overthelastfewyearsmanufacturershavebeen 1 reducingthesizeandweightofvideo cassetterecorderstomaketheequipmentmore 2 1 a steadilyb constantlyc frequentlyd essentially2 a valuableb portable 轻便的 c selectived economical 按词类分 1 实词 例3 About120 000people 1 tothecityeveryyear Theycomeforthefew 2 jobs whichareusuallynobetterthan 3 theyleft 1 a changeb arrivec drived move2 a possibleb popularc available 可用的 d convenient3 a oneb theonec onesd theones 按词类分 2 虚词 例4 1 youhavechosenanarticletoread youwillfindtheimportantgeneralinformation 2 thekeyfactsinthefirstfewparagraphs 1 a Whileb Oncec Assoonasd Whenever2 a withb byc ford at 按词类分 2 虚词 例5 whenIhavefreetime Igo 1 alongwalk SomepeoplereadbooksorwatchTV 2 othershavesports 1 a tob forc ond with2a andb butc yetd while 按词类分 2 虚词 例6 theaudiencewaited 1 silencewhiletheiragedspeakersearchedamonghisnotes 2 thefigureshecouldnotremember 1 a forb inc atd during2 a forb ofc aboutd on 按词类分 3 词组 例7 Hewasonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming 1 Sohe 2 intothatplace 1 a afterallb inallc atalld forall2 a needn tgob needn thavegonec shouldn t tgod shouldn thavegone 例8 词组 We 1 aboutwhenmanfirstbegantousesalt butwedoknowthatithasbeenusedinmanydifferentwaysthroughoutthehistory 2 itisrecordedinmanybooksthatpeoplewholivedover3000yearsagoatesaltedfish thousandsofyearsagoinEgypt salt 3 thedead 1 a haveallknownb havenoideac haven tanyideasd haveanidea2 a Forexampleb Suchasc Firstofalld Aboveall3 a usedtopreserveb gotusedtopreservingc usedtopreservingd wasusedtopreserve 例9 词组 TheEnglishlanguageservesabout250millionpeople oraboutonetenthoftheworld spopulation asamothertongue 1 itismoreorlesscorrectlyusedby 2 100million moreasasecondarylanguage ranging 3 fromthePidginEnglish 混合语言 oftheIslandsofMelanesiatothealmostperfectspeechofculturedforeigners 1 a Howeverb Asaresultc inadditiontod Inaddition2 a atleastb atmostc mostandleastd morethanenough3 a allthewayb bythewayc onthewayd intheway 按形式分 1 单纯性选择 例10 1 methodshavebeenusedto 2 theintelligenceofeverychild dull bright ornormal 1 a Valuableb variousc Uniqued unusual2 a measureb describec illustrated recognize 按形式分 1 单纯性选择 例11 Thetouristpaid700poundsforthepainting buthe 1 thathedidn tknowits 2 worth 1 a promisedb claimedc admittedd permitted2 a practicalb additionalc adequated actual 按形式分 1 单纯性选择 例12 1 noonewashurtintheaccident butsomepassengerssufferedfrom 2 1 a Obviouslyb Surprisinglyc Fortunatelyd Unfortunately2 a distressb shockc failured trouble 按形式分 1 单纯性选择 例13 Beingmuchtoofat Stellawasadvisedto 1 herfoodforeachmeal yet shewouldhave 2 ofthat 1 a relaxb reducec relieved remove2 a nob notc noned nothing 按形式分 1 单纯性选择 例14 Atanearlyagetheyouthwilldevelophis 1 andthekindofhomelifehehaswillgreatly 2 thedevelopment 1 a hobbyb personalityc intelligenced knowledge2 a increaseb enhance 增强 c encouraged influence 影响 按形式分 2 常识性选择 例15 EveryonehasseentheOlympicGamesatsometime eitherinMontreal Barcelona andeveryoneknowsthat 1 startedtheGames Butmostpeopledon tknowtherealstory 1 a Greeksb Frenchc Americansd English 按形式分 2 常识性选择 例16 Therearetwenty sevenbridgesovertheThames TowerBridge thefirstbridgeovertheThamesasyoutraveltoward 1 fromthesea isthemostfamousofthemall 1 a Europeb Americac Londond China 按形式分 2 常识性选择 例17 OneofthemostfamousstatuesinthewouldstandsonanislandinNewYorkHarbor Thisstatueis ofcourse theStatueofliberty TheStatueoflibertyisa an 1 whoholdsa 2 uphigh 1 a manb womanc childd old2 a caneb candlec torchd lamp 按形式分 2 近义词选择 例18 Heusedtohavea 1 ofcoin collection buthehasgivenitup 1 a customb habitc hobbyd like 按形式分 2 近义词选择 例19 Americanschoolchildrencanbeseeneveryday whitesneakers bluesneakers blacksneakersandevenredones 1 a puttingonb havingonc wearingd dressing 按形式分 2 近义词选择 例20 Thewoundedsoldierwasunconsciousbutstill 1 whentakentothehospital 1 a livingb alivec lived lively 按形式分 2 近义词选择 例21 Whilesomepeoplethinkthatsugaristhebest 1 of 2 othersbelievethatsugarisbadforhumanhealth 1 a originb sourcec resourced cause2 a powerb energyc forced strength 按形式分 2 近形词选择 例23 500 000 000isasmallamountofmoney 1 thesizeofthemarket 1 a consideredb considerationc considerabled considering 按形式分 2 近形词选择 例24 It swonderfulforthefactthattheChineseteamwonanunexpectedgold 1 inSydney 12morethanitspreviousbest 1 a metalsb medalsc modelsd modals 按形式分 2 惯用法选择 例25 Itsuddenly 1 methatifwewanttogoonapicnictomorrowwehadbetterdosomepreparationsthisevening 1 a hitonb struckc occurredd drawn 按形式分 2 惯用法选择 例26 Safeoperationmeansthatboththeoperatorsandtheequipmentare 1 fromharm 1 a keptb freedc preventedd hidden 按形式分 2 惯用法选择 例27 Wewerealmostexhaustedbeforewefinally 1 sightofthedilapidatedtemplewhichwassaidtobeoneoftheremains 2 backtothefifteencenturyB C 1 a heldb caughtc gotd took2 a datingb tracedc goingd returned 按句义分 例29 Itwasaftermidnight andIwasonmywayhome Thefootstepsthat 1 methroughthedarkstreetintheEastEndofLondonwere 2 oftwoyoungmenwhowereobviously 3 nogood 1 a stoopedb pursued 追求 c followedd traced2 a thoseb thatc onesd one3 a ofb forc uptod onto 按句义分 例30 Nearlythree quartersoftheearthiscovered 1 water Waterheatsupmoreslowlythanland 2 onceithasbecomewarmittakeslongertofall 3 1 a onb withc ind by2 a sob andc thend but3 a downb upc apartd behind 按句义分 例31 Mrs Whiteaidlaughinglythat 1 shewassoyoungsheshouldhideherpacketinherpocketin 2 apolicemansawit 3 thelittlegirldidnotseemtofindthisveryfunny 1 a asb forc whiled though2 a consequenceb timec cased fact3 a otherwiseb nevertheless 然而 c Moreoverd Therefore 按句义分 例32 Strangelyenough Ioncetriedtogetsick Ididn t twearasweater 1 Ishould andIwalkedintherain 2 mybootsandmyfeetgotsoaked 3 sofarnothingwronghashappened 1 a whileb providedc whend though2 a withb inc byd without3 a Butb Thenc Therefored Yet 按句义分 例33 Someparentsaregreatlyworried 1 theirchildrenfailtodowellintheirstudies They 2 eithergeneticfactorsorlaziness 3 theynevertakethesenon intelligencefactorsinto 4 plainc confused condemn3 a neverthelessb similarlyc therefored but4 a figuresb considerationc grantedd reflection 按句义分 例34 Acreditcardisa 1 ofidentification 2 whichtheownermayobtainconsumercreditforthe 3 ofgoodsorservices 4 thanpaycash 1 a meanb meansc methodsd ways2 a byb in