专业英语Lesson ppt课件

21 04 2020 高分子专业英语SpecialEnglishforPolymerScience 主讲 彭采宇Email pcycjyx 21 04 2020 UNIT6MolecularWeightanditsDistributionsofPolymers 21 04 2020 1 2 21 04 2020 1 2 e g Inmostinstances thecalculationsmightnotbeaccurate 21 04 2020 1 Thisisoutofquestionanexampleofanimportantprinciplethatappliestoallmachines 2 Youmustrememberthatthelawsthatapplytoairapplytoallothergases 1 21 04 2020 1 Asolidisdifferentfromaliquidinthatthesolidhasdefiniteshape 2 Inthatheisthechairman heshouldpresidethemeeting 2 Anaxisusedtoapplyforcetowood 21 04 2020 1 Theanswersmaylieinaclosereexaminationofthefossilevidence 21 04 2020 Variousmethodsareavailablefortheexperimentalmeasurementoftheaveragemolecularweightofapolymersample Theseincludemethodsbasedon colligativeproperties lightscattering viscosity ultracentrifugation andsedimentation Thevariousmethodsdonotyieldthesameaveragemolecularweight Differentaveragemolecularweightsareobtainedbecausethepropertiesbeingmeasuredarebiaseddifferentlytowardthedifferentsizedpolymermoleculesinapolymersample 21 04 2020 Somemethodsarebiasedtowardthelargersizedpolymermolecules whileothermethodsarebiasedtowardthesmallersizedmolecules Theresultisthattheaveragemolecularweightsobtainedarecorrespondinglybiasedtowardthelargerorsmallersizedmolecules Themostimportantaveragemolecularweightswhicharedeterminedarethenumber averagemolecularweightMn theweight averagemolecularweightMwandtheviscosity averagemolecularweightMv E g It snotunusualtoseetestplansbiasedtowardfunctionaltesting biasedtoward 偏重 偏倚 于 偏爱 21 04 2020 Inadditiontothedifferentaveragemolecularweightsofapolymersample itisfrequentlydesirableandnecessarytoknowtheexactdistributionofmolecularweights Avarietyofdifferentfractionationmethodsareusedtodeterminethemolecularweightdistributionofapolymersample Thesearebasedonfractionationofapolymersampleusingproperties suchassolubilityandpermeabilitywhichvarywithmolecularweight OdianG PrinciplesofPolymerization NewYork McGraw HillBookCompany 1973 19 21 04 2020 聚合物相关专业词汇1 macromolecule polymer高分子 又称 大分子 2 suprapolymer超高分子3 naturalpolymer天然高分子4 inorganicpolymer无机高分子5 organicpolymer有机高分子6 inorganicorganicpolymer无机 有机高分子7 organometallicpolymer金属有机聚合物8 elementpolymer元素高分子9 oligomer低聚物 齐聚物 10 dimer二聚体11 trimer三聚体12 prepolymer预聚物13 regularpolymer规整聚合物14 irregularpolymer非规整聚合物 21 04 2020 15 atacticpolymer无规立构聚合物16 isotacticpolymer全同立构聚合物 又称 等规聚合物 17 syndiotacticpolymer间同立构聚合物 又称 间规聚合物 18 heterotacticpolymer杂同立构聚合物 又称 异规聚合物 19 stereoregularpolymer tacticpolymer有规立构聚合物 有规聚合物 20 amphiphilicblockcopolymer两亲嵌段共聚物21 Heteropolymer杂聚物22 azeotropiccopolymer恒 组 分共聚物23 multicomponentcopolymer多组分共聚物24 monodispersepolymer uniformpolymer单分散聚合物25 polydispersepolymer non uniformpolymer多分散性聚合物26 polyblend polymerblend高分子共混物27 polymer metalcomplex聚合物 金属配合物 21 04 2020 29 single strandpolymer单股聚合物30 double strandpolymer双股聚合物31 multi strandpolymer多股聚合物32 carbonchainpolymer碳链聚合物33 heterochainpolymer杂链聚合物34 heterocyclicpolymer杂环高分子35 macrocyclicpolymer大环聚合物36 straightchainpolymer直链高分子37 linearpolymer线型聚合物38 three dimensionalpolymer体型聚合物 又称 网络聚合物 networkpolymer 交联聚合物 crosslinkedpolymer 39 livingpolymer活 性 高分子40 Reactivepolymer反应性聚合物41 polarpolymer极性聚合物42 non polarpolymer非极性聚合物43 rigidchainpolymer刚性链聚合物44 dendrimer dendriticpolymer treepolymer树状高分子45 branchedpolymer支化聚合物 21 04 2020 46 hyperbranchedpolymer超支化聚合物47 graftpolymer接枝聚合物48 coreshellcopolymer核 壳共聚物49 coreshelllatexpolymer核 壳胶乳聚合物50 chiralpolymer手性高分子51 interpenetratingpolymernetworks IPN互穿 聚合物 网络52 semi interpenetratingpolymernetwork半互穿 聚合物 网络53 conjugatedpolymer共轭聚合物54 syntheticpolymer合成聚合物55 additionpolymer加 成 聚 合 物moditypolymer通用高分子57 functionalpolymer功能高分子58 Biomimeticpolymer仿生高分子59 shape memorypolymer形状记忆高分子60 enzymelikepolymer类酶高分子61 biopolymer生物高分子62 bioelastomer生物弹性体 Chiralmolecules 21 04 2020 63 bioactivepolymer生物活性高分子64 bioerodablepolymer生物可蚀性高分子65 biodegradablepolymer生物降解高分子66 medicalpolymer医用高分子67 biomedicalpolymer生物医用高分子68 degradablepolymer降解性高分子69 highperformancepolymer高性能高分子70 highmoduluspolymer高模量聚合物71 specialitypolymer特殊性能高分子 又称 特种高分子 72 intelligentpolymer智能聚合物73 hydrophilicpolymer亲水聚合物74 hydrophobicpolymer疏水聚合物75 amphiphilic