Unit 4 Amazing things.docx

Unit 4 Amazing things教学目标：1.掌握单词和短语 2.掌握简单的一般过去式 3.掌握动词过去式的变化 重点与难点：1. 对一般过去时的简单了解 2. 掌握不规则动词的变化教学内容 Part words amazing adj.令人吃惊的，惊人的 She has shown amazing courage. 她表现出惊人的勇气。 I have got an amazing story to tell you. 我有一个离奇的故事要告诉你。 adv. amazingly It is an amazingly expensive country to visit.游览那个国家的费用昂贵的出奇。 bright adj. （1） 明亮的a bright, sunny day一个阳光普照的日子eyes bright with happiness闪耀着欢欣的目光（2） 指颜色鲜明a bright yellow jumper一件黄灿灿的套衫（3） 伶俐，聪明a bright child伶俐的小孩（4） 有希望The future looks bright. 前景一片光明。（5） 雀跃You seem very bright and cheerful today.你今天看来挺开心的呀。travel vi.&n. 旅行vi. Charles travels a lot on business.查尔斯经常公务出差。 to travel by sea/air 搭乘轮船、飞机They travelled overland from Turkey. 他们由土耳其出发做海上旅行。travelling expenses旅行费用n.1. (不可数名词)Air travel has made the world seem a smaller place.航空旅行似乎是世界变小了。a travel book 旅行书2. （可数名词）travels 旅行，旅程（由指到远处）You must have seen lots of interesting places on your travels. 你在旅程中一定到过许多有趣的地方。earth n. 1. 地球life on earth 地球上的生物The earth is protected by ozone layer.地球有臭氧层保护。2. 地面，陆地The spaceship fell towards earth. 宇宙飞船朝地球摔下来了。The earth shook. 地震山摇。moon n. 月球，月亮The moon is very bright tonight.今夜月色十分皎洁。When was the first landing on the moon?人类是什么时候首次登陆月球的呢？spaceship n. 宇宙飞船，航天器（可数名词）sneeze vi.打喷嚏 Dust makes me sneeze. 灰尘使我打喷嚏。 n. 喷嚏 to give a sneeze 打喷嚏tiptoe n. 脚趾，脚趾间(不可数名词) on tiptoe She walked into the room on tiptoe. 他踮着脚走进屋。plant n.植物 a tomato plant 一株番茄a house plant 室内盆栽 to water the plants 给植物浇水vt. 1. 种植Bulbs should be planted in the autumn. 鳞茎植物应该在秋季播。 2. 在花园里、土地上栽种植物It takes a lot of hard work to plan and plant a new garden.设计和种植一个新花园种很费力的。without prep. 无，没有Dont go out without a coat on. 不要没穿外衣就出去。Pam drinks her coffee without milk. 帕姆喝咖啡不加牛奶。After three days without sleep he was exhausted. 三天没睡，他精疲力竭。He spoke without much enthusiasm. 他说话时并不热情。Can you see without your glasses?你不戴眼镜能看得清吗？Dont leave without me. 别丢下我走掉。lightning n.闪电 ；照明设备street lightning 街道照明设备 strange adj.奇怪的 A very strange thing happened to me on the way home.我回家途中发生了一件奇怪的事。a strange noise奇怪的声音usual adj.通常的，平常的It is usual for her to work at weekends.他常常在周末工作。I sat in my usual seat.我坐在我平常的位置上。unusual adj.不寻常的，不平常的 It is unusual for Joe to be late.约瑟夫很少迟到。What an unusual hat! 多么奇特的帽子呀！hear heard heard vt/vi.听见，听到，听说 Can you speak a little louder.-I do not hear very well.你能大点声说吗？I am sorry I am late- I did not hear my alarm clock this morning. 我迟到了，真对不起。今早没听见闹钟声。whisper n.低语，耳语 speak in a whisper 悄声说话bush n.灌木丛 （可数名词）a rose bush 蔷薇丛frightened adj.感到恐惧的 Frightened children were calling for their mothers.孩子们下的直喊妈妈。He was frightened at the thought of being alone.他一想到孤独就害怕。anybody pron.任何人 (通常用于疑问句或否定句)I did not know anybody at the party.聚会上的人我一个也不认识。Would anybody else like to come with me?还有人想跟我来吗？nobody pron.没有人，无人 carefully adv.仔细地，认真地，小心地 noise n.声音，响声；噪音 Did you hear a noise downstairs?你听见楼下的声音没有？Try not to make a noise if you come home late.如果你回家晚了，不要太吵。Why is the engine making so much noise?发动机为什么这样响？happen vi.发生 happen to do sth 发生某事happen to sb /sth 某人/某事发生什么情况What do you think will happen to Julie?I happened to meet him in London yesterday.everything pron.每件事，每样事物，一切 search vi.&vt.搜查，搜寻，搜索 search sb for sth 搜查某人某物search someplace for sth 在某地搜寻某物search for sb/sth寻找某人某物The place searched the place for clues.警方在那一地区搜寻线索。himself pron.他自己 He cut himself when he was shaving.他刮脸的时候把自己刮伤了。Hes bought himself a new sweater.John looked at himself in the mirror.约翰照了照镜子。He told me the news himself.他亲自告诉我这个消息。by himself 独自weak adj.弱的，虚弱的，无力的 The child was weak with hunger. 孩子饿得很虚弱。Her legs felt weak. 他感到双腿乏力。miaow vi（猫）喵喵叫 later adv.后来，以后 take care of 照顾 following adj.接下来的 He was taken ill on Sunday and died the following week.他是星期天害的病，再接着那个星期里就死了。soft adj.轻柔的；柔软的 The ground is very soft after all that rain.下过大雨后，地面十分松软。U last adj.最近刚过去的，上一个的，最后的December is the last month of the year.12月是一年的最后一个月。Alex was the last to arrive.亚历克斯是最后一个来到的。His last novel was a huge success, but the latest one is much less popular.他上一本小说很成功，最近这一本却没有那么受欢迎。reporter n.记者 crazy adj.着迷的，狂热的；发疯的 be crazy about 酷爱，热爱kick vt.踢 She was knocked to the ground and kisked in the stomach.他被推倒在地，腹部又挨了几脚。stone n.石头 注意：这个单词既有可数也有不可数（1） 石头，石：不可数The house was built of grey stone.那所房子用灰色石块建成。（2） 石块，石子：The boy picked up the stone and throw it into the river.那个男孩拾起一块石子把它丢进河里。can n.罐头，罐子 a can of oil 一罐油 a watering can 洒水壶a can of beer 一罐啤酒be fond of 喜欢 dislike vt.讨厌，不喜欢 I really dislike flying. 我真的不喜欢坐飞机。few pron.不多，少数I know few of the people. 那些人里面，我所认得的甚少。adj.不多的，少数的（与复数名词连用）Few people live to be 100.很少人活到100岁。The few people I have asked thought the same as I do.我们过得几个人的看法都跟我一样。practise vt.&vi.练习，操练 practice (doing) sthIf you want to play a musical instrument well, you must practise everyday.如果你奏乐器想奏的好，你必须天天训练。They practice the dance until it was perfect.他们反复排练那个舞蹈，直到完美为止。even adv.甚至 wake up 醒过来；叫醒 early adv.早She arrived five minutes early for the party.他参加这个派对早到了五分钟。adj.早的Come in the early afternoon. 下午早点儿来。The project is still in its early stages.工程仍在初步阶段。bark vi.（狗）吠，叫 bark at sb/sth Their dog always barks at anyone who rings the doorbell.一有人按门铃，他们的够就汪汪叫。hard-working adj努力工作的，勤勉的 a hard-working child 一个勤奋的孩子guide n.导游，指南 a tour guide 导游 a guide of French wines法国葡萄酒指南introduction n.介绍 I think Ill get my husband to make the introductions.还是让我先生来介绍吧。pity n.遗憾，可惜 1. 不可数名词同情；怜悯；可怜The dog was in such a terrible state that we took it home with us out of pity.那条狗的情况是那样恶劣，以至于使我们动了同情心，把它带回家。He showed no pity at the way they had been treated.对于别人如何对待他们，他表现得无动于衷。2. 遗憾的事情；可惜的事情What a pity!太可惜了。dodo n.渡渡鸟 die vi.死，死亡 die from 因为什么而死亡die of 死于frog n.青蛙 （可数名词） poisonous adj.有毒的 poisonous snakes 毒蛇 poisonous insects 毒虫fact sheet 资料单 dinosaur n.恐龙 ago adv.以前 appear vi.出现 The bus appeared round the corner.那辆公共汽车在转角出现了。scientist n.科学家 weigh vi.重 I weigh 56 kilos. 我重56公斤。kilogram n.千克，公斤 grass n.草 lay vt.下（蛋），产（卵）Does a snake lay eggs?蛇下蛋吗？baby n.婴儿；幼崽 ant n.蚂蚁 an army of ants一大群蚂蚁camel n.骆驼 giraffe n.长颈鹿 tortoise n.龟，乌龟 bone n.骨头 可数名词 neck n.脖子 eyelid n.眼睑，眼皮 remember vt.记得；记住 remember doing sth 记得做过某事remember to do sth 记得没做某事word n.话；单词 goldfish n.金鱼 second n.秒 during prep.在期间 weight n.重量 decide vi.vt.决定 decide to do sth decide sthsandwich n.三明治 (可数名词)a ham sandwich 火腿三明治piece n.一块（片、张、件） name vt.命名 The boy was was named James after his grandfather.这个男孩按他祖父的名字取名为詹姆斯。invent vt.发明 When was the camera invented? 照相机何时发明的？star n.明星；星，恒星 TV set n.电视机 history n.历史；历史课；历史学 once adv.曾，曾经；一次，一回 dish n.盘，碟 (可数名词) the dishes 进餐时用的全部杯碟盘等Part Grammar一、 一般过去时态句子结构1 Be 动词的一般过去时态在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词， am is 的过去式为was; are的过去式为were.构成：肯定句：主语+was (were) +表语 如：I was late yesterday.否定句：主语+was (were) +not+表语 如：We werent late yesterday. She wasnt a teacher three years ago.疑问句：一般疑问句：Was (Were) +主语+表语 如：Were you ill yesterday? Were they once your classmates？ 肯定回答： Yes, I was. 否定句： No, I wasnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ Was (Were) +主语+表语 Who were your best friends in your primary school?2. 实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式 did. 肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语 如：I went home at nine oclock yesterday. 否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+宾语 如：I didnt go home yesterday. He didnt tell me about you. 疑问句：一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+宾语如：Did you go home yesterday?Did you study in the school? 肯定回答： Yes, I did. 否定回答：No, I didnt. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did +主语+动词原型+宾语When did you finish your homework last night?What did you do the day before yesterday? 3. 助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数 willwould（将要）用于所有人称can could（能，会） maymight（可以） mustmust （必须） have tohad to（不得不）助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。如： I had to do my homework yesterday. (昨天我不得不做作业。) 二、一般过去时态动词变化形式一般过去时态由动词的过去式表示。大多数动词的过去式是在动词原形后加上ed构成。这类动词称为规则动词。1） 一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。 如：playplayed workworked2） 以e结尾的动词只加d. 如：like- liked loveloved 3） 以辅音字母+Y结尾的动词，变Y为I，再加ed. 如：studystudied carrycarried4） 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后这个辅音字母，再加ed. 如：stopstopped -ed的读音规则如下：i. 在清辅音后面读t。 如：workworked helphelped ii. 在浊辅音或元音后读d。 如：learnlearned iii. 在t 和d 后读id。 如：supportsupported （支持） 5） 不以ed 结尾的过去式，称为不规则动词,如：write（写） -wrote go-went do-did have-had see-saw take-took make-made come-came buy-bought一、用 “am , is , was”填空。 1. I _ a teacher now. I _ a student five years ago. 2. He _ a worker now. He _ a little boy ten years ago. 3. It _ there a moment ago . 4. The film _ in the playground a moment ago . 5. The newspaper _ on the table a moment ago. 6. The storybook _ on the bookcase now. But it _ on the chair a moment ago . 7. Where _ it now? 8. Where _ it a moment ago? 9. Yang Ling _ at home now. But she _ at school a moment ago. 10.Wang Bing _reading books now .But he _ playing football a moment ago . 二、二、改错 1. The book is there a moment ago. _ 2. There are three diarys between the desks. _ 3. Jim was at his grandfathers home two days before. _ 4. Where was the CD Walkman just now? It is next to the magazine. _ 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.Tom _ (visit) a farm last week. 2. The twins _ (water) the flowers in the garden yesterday morning. 3. I _ (watch) a film with my friend last Friday. 4. My father _ (be) in London last year. 5. What_ (do) you do three days ago? 6. _ (be) there any parks here in 1950? 7. What_(do) you do just now? I (wash) my clothes. 四、单项选择： 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)( )1 My father_ill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D werent( )2 _ your parents at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were( )3 The twins _ in Dalian last year They _ here now A are; were B were; are C was; are D were; was( )4 _ your father at work the day _ yesterday(前天） A Was; before B Is; before C Was; after D Is; after ( )5 Who was on duty last Friday _ A I am B I was C Yes, I was D No, I wasnt ( )6. I cleaned my classroom _. A with three hours B three hours ago C in three hours D three hours before( ) 7. I came _ my house two days ago . A back on B back to C to back D back( ) 8 . _? He did some reading at home. A What does your father do yesterday evening B What does your brother do in the school C What did your brother do over the weekend D Where did your brother go last Sunday( ) 9. What did you do _ ? I went to the movies. A next morning Bover the weekend C in the weekend D next Monday( ) 10. The koala sleeps _，but gets up _. A during the day; at the evening B at day ;during night C in the day ;during the evening D during the day ; at night五、完形填空(10)Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1 things after schoolAnd his teacher always 2 a lot of mistakes in his homework Then one day，his maths teacher 3 at Toms homework and saw that he got all his answers rightHe was very 4 and surprised（惊奇）The next morning before class，he called Tom 5 his desk and 6 to him，“You got all your homework right this timeDid your father help you？”Sometimes Toms father helped him with his homework，7 this time he didnt help Tom because he 8 at homeSo Tom answered，“NO，SirHe Was busy last night，so I 9 to do it 10 ” （ ）1Aothers Banother Cthe other Dother （ ）2Amade Bfound Clooked at Dlooked （ ）3Alaughed Bknocked Clooked Dsaw （ ）4Aplease Bpleased Cpleasure Dsad （ ）5Ato Bfor Cin Dat （ ）6Atalked Basked Cspoke Dsaid （ ）7Aand Bbut Cso Dor （ ）8Aisnt Bwont be Cwasnt Dcant be （ ）9Awanted Bmustnt Cliked Dhad （ ）10Aitself Bof them Cmyself Dhimself六、阅读理解It was half-past eight in the morning. The telephone bell rang and Mary went to answer it. Its me-Peter. Hullo, whos that?” she asked. Peter was a friend of Marys eight-year-old brother, Johnny. Oh hullo, Peter. What do you want?” said Mary. Can I speak to Johnny? No,” said Mary,” you cant speak to him now. He is busy. He is getting ready for school. He is eating his breakfast. Grandmother is combing hishair. Sister is under the table, putting his shoes on. Mother is getting his books and putting them in his school bag. Goodbye, Ive got to go now. I have to hold the door open. The school bus is coming . ( )1.Who went to answer it when the telephone bell rang? A. Johnnys sister B.Peter C,Johnny D.Johnnys mother ( )2.Whom did Peter want to speak to? A. Marys brother B.Marys sister C.Marys grandmother D.Johnnys mother( )3.Johnny couldnt speak to Peter because Johnny _. A. was combing his hair B.was putting his shoes on C.was getting his books D. was busy eating his breakfast ( )4.How do you say to a stranger who is answering your telephone? A. Who are you? B. Anything to say? C. Who is it? D. Please( )5.From this story we know that Johnny was_. A. a lazy B. a clever boy C. a busy boy D. a hungry boy一般过去时详解与练习题 一、巧记一般过去时：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生的事；be用was或用were, have,has变had；谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed，若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didnt添； 疑问句也不难，did放在主语前； 不含be动词时如果谓语之前有did，谓语动词需还原；动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。 含be动词时疑问句也不难，要把was，were放在主语前。2、 be的一般过去时：学习动词be的一般过去时，下面有一口诀，它可以帮你们更好地掌 握动词be的一般过去时。 be的过去时有四巧： 一是时间状语巧， 表示过去的短语要记牢； 二是形式巧，单数was，复数were； 三巧是否定句结构，not紧跟waswere； 四是疑问句式巧，waswere向前跑(提前)。【一巧】时间状语（即标志词）巧。一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，恰巧 与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。1. yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；2. 由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；3. 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等；4. 其它：just now等5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。【二巧】形式巧。它与一般现在时一样，形式多样：当主语是第一人称单数或第三人称单 数时，谓语动词用was；主语是第二人称或其他人称复数时，谓语动词用were。 例如： I was in the classroom yesterday morning 昨天早上我在教室里。 He was at school