高中英语动词不定式ppt课件.ppt

TheInfinitive动词不定式 1 Todothatsortofthingisfoolish Iwanttoseeyouthisevening Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly Wefoundahousetolivein ShecameheretostudyEnglish Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwateraftertheoperation 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 一 用法 2 1 作主语 2 用it作形式主语用不定式 It be adj n todosth 3 例外 Itisnogood nouse nohelp doingsth Itisnousearguingaboutit 1 常用动名词LearningEnglishisveryimportant ItisimportanttolearnEnglish 3 2 作宾语 1 v 只跟todolearn agree ask offer happen pretend promise plan intend hope wish decide refuse fail manage Shehopestofindabetterjob Iwishtogowithyou 4 2 v 只跟doingfinish complete enjoy mind practise consider suggest advise miss avoid admit deny permit allow forbid imagine understand include risk delay keep on giveup insiston succeedin feellike putoff beworth beusedto lookforwardto Ienjoyplayingbasketball Shepractisesplayingthepianoforanhoureveryday 但是advise consider allow permit forbid admitsbtodosthHeadvisedgoingonatriptoGuangzhou HeadvisedustogoonatriptoGuangzhou 5 3 V todo doing区别不大 begin start like love hate dislike 4 v todo doing区别很大forget remember stop goonregret try mean can thelpneed want require trytodo努力做某事trydoing试着做某事regrettodo对要做的某事表示遗憾regretdoing对已做的某事表示后悔 meantodo打算做meandoing意味着can thelp to do不能帮忙做某事can thelpdoing情不自禁做某事 6 need want require sthneed want requiredoing sthneed want requiretobedone某事需要被做 7 3 宾语补足语 1 ask类 v sbtodosth want wish order like wouldlike helpforce allow permit forbid advise consider Sheaskedmetohelpher Theteachertoldhimtocomeontime 8 2 感官动词类 V sb dosth see hear notice find watch lookat hear listento feel smell Ioftenhearthemsingthesonginthenextroom Wewatchedthemplayfootball Theteachermademeanswerthequestion 但这些动词用于被动结构时 省去的to要加上 Theywereheardtosingapopsong Hewasmadetoanswerthequestion 3 使役动词类 V sb dosth make let have 9 1 Hewasmade goB goneC goingD togo2 Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister todayhewasmade byhislittlesister cry tocryB crying cryingcry cryD tocry cry 10 注意 B 动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加not Myfatherdecidednottotakeupthejob Theteachertoldusnottobelateagain 11 注意 C 带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词 Mr Linwillteachushowtousethecomputer Canyoutellmewheretogetthebook 12 注意 D 作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时 动词不定式常常省去to后面的动词 只保留to A Wouldyouliketocometomyparty Marywantedtousemybike butIaskedhernotto usemybike B Yes I dloveto cometoyourparty Mary想用我的自行车 但我叫她别用 13 4 作表语 doing表习惯性动作 todo表将来一次性性动作Mywishistobecomeascientist MyjobisteachingyouEnglish 14 5 作状语 不定式 作目的 结果 only之后 和原因 v adj 之后 分词 作时间 条件 伴随 结果和原因 句首 不定式作目的状语 不定式用作目的状语时 其句意特点很明显 通常在译成中文时可用 为了 来表示 Tosaveclasstime ourteacherhasusstudentsdohalfoftheexercisesinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforourhomework Doctorsworkedthroughthenighttosavethelifeoftheinjuredman 15 不定式作结果状语 onlyto enoughto too to nevertoThattoolistooheavytoliftdirectlyThetemperatureishighenoughtochangewaterintosteam Hewenthome onlytofindthedooropenandeverythingwasgone Heleft nevertocomeback 16 2005 福建卷 Cantheprojectbefinishedasplanned Sure itcompletedintime we llworktwomorehoursaday A havinggotB togetC gettingD get 2005 广东卷 Hehurriedtothestationonly thatthetrainhadleft A tofindB findingC foundD tohavefound 2005 重庆卷 Daddydidn tmindwhatweweredoing aslongasweweretogether fun A hadB haveC tohaveD having 17 6 作定语todo将来的主动动作 tobedone表将来的被动动作 句中有逻辑主语时用todo 若是不及物动词 要加介词 Ihavetwobookstoread Haveyougotanythingtosay He slookingforaroomtolivein Idon thaveapentowritewith Ihaveclothestowash anddoyouhaveclothestobewashed Thequestiontobediscussedisveryimportant 18 不定式与它修饰的名词是逻辑上的动宾关系 且主语是不定式中的动词所表示动作的逻辑主语或在句中能找到其逻辑主语 Hehasalotofworktodotoday Doyouhaveanythingmoretosay区别 AreyougoingtotheballtobeheldonNewYear sEve 19 1 Frankisthekindofpersonwhopeopleliketo makefriendwithB makefriendsofC makefriendsD makefriendswith2 Theassistantworksveryhard Sheisalwaysthefirst andthelast A come leaveB coming leavingC tocome toleaveD tocome leaving解析 由only last next 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语 再如 Sheisalwaysthefirststudenttoarriveatschool 20 二 动词不定式的形式 一般式 todo 表将来 一般被动式 tobedone进行式 tobedoing 表正在进行 完成式 tohavedone 表已经完成 完成被动式 tohavebeendone否定式 nottodo 21 动词不定式的时态 1 Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom 2 Mr Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow 一般式 todo 不定式的一般式所表示的动作 状态 同时 或几乎同时 发生 或之后发生 22 进行式 tobedoing 1 Iamverygladtobeworkingwithyou 2 Heissaidtobecoming 如果谓语表示的动作 情况 发生时 不定式所表示的动作正在进行 动词不定式的时态 23 动词不定式的时态 完成式 tohavedone 1 Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong 2 YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr Smith 如果谓语表示的动作发生在不定式之前 24 Iopenedthedoor enter theroom 2 Mr Smithisgoingtoattendthemeeting hold tomorrow 3 Robertissaid study abroad butIdidn tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin 4 Iamsorry keep youwaitingsolong 5 Hedidn tlike laugh 6 Heclaimed badlytreat inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday 7 Theteachertoldus be lateagain toenter tobeheld tohavestudied tohavekept tobelaughedat tohavebeenbadlytreated nottobe 25 三 疑问词 动词不定式 用作主语 宾语等 Whentostarthasnotbeendecided Idon tknowwhattodo Hecantellyouwheretogetthebook Idon tknowhowtodoit 26 四 动词不定式的复合结构 1 forsb todosth2 Itis 性格adj ofsb todosth性格adj nice kind cruel thoughtful careful careless ItisveryimportantforustolearnEnglish Itisdifficultforhimtofinishthetaskinsuchashorttime Itisveryniceofyoutohelpme Itwascarelessofhimtomakesuchamistake 27 达标练习 1 Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsoftheverbsgiven I mafraidit llbeveryhardforyou adapt thisstoryforchildren After think everythingover shedecided notresign herpost You dbetternotget annoy athisignorance Allofusaresatisfied sinceeverythingseems go onsmoothly toadapt thinking nottoresign annoyed tobegoing 28 5 Itmightbebetter try discuss inhisownlanguageasheisn tusedto speak inEnglishyet 6 see fromthehilltop thelakeisextremelybeautiful 7 Ifyoucouldn tgetanything open thebeerbottlewith whynot try open itwithyourteeth 8 WhenIopenthedoorInoticedsomeone sit byherside talk withher totry discussing speaking Seen toopen try opening sitting talki