2020版高考英语二轮复习专题四语法填空提能综合练（一）（含解析）.docx

语法填空提能综合练(一)(限时：25分钟)AEight women from across the UK _1_ (announce) on 5 December, 2018 as winners of the 2018 NatWest everywoman Awards. As a part of the Awards, the Aphrodite Award is for women _2_ have started businesses while their children were under 12, aiming _3_ (inspire) others to follow in their footsteps.Weve always known that the entrants to the Aphrodite Award were special, but this year weve been _4_ (true) bowled over by their impressive successes. From pioneering business principles, to facing down sexism, the brilliant businesswomen _5_ (reinvent) enterprise once again and beating all the challenges.But most of all, it creates an opportunity to show _6_ (admire) for unseen talent. Female enterprisers arent used to showing off their successes, though they contribute 7.4 billion a year _7_ the UK economy. 42 percent of women responded their companies were successful while 62 percent of men said _8_ (they) were successful, when asked to assess their businesses by the University of Cambridge and Barclays. And yet, on average, businesses run by women report even _9_ (high) pretax profits. One of finalists, Susie Hewson, has _10_ annual turnover (营业额) 19 million for her company.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。英国的八位女企业家被授予2018年NatWest everywoman Awards，她们在照顾家庭的同时创业成功，她们的成功在一定程度超过了男性企业家。1were announced考查动词的时态和语态。“Eight women”与“announce”之间是被动关系，再结合后面的时间状语“on 5 December, 2018”可知，此处表示发生在过去的动作，故用were announced。2who/that考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句修饰前面的women，且在从句中作主语，故用who/that。3to inspire考查非谓语动词。此处表示旨在激励其他人仿效她们。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。4truly考查副词。此处是说我们确实被她们令人钦佩的种种成就所震撼。空处修饰动词，故用副词truly。5are reinventing考查动词的时态和主谓一致。这些出色的女企业家们正在以新形式展现创业精神，并在突破所有挑战。结合句意和后面的“and beating”可知，此处应用现在进行时，主语businesswomen为复数，故填are reinventing。6admiration考查名词。结合空前的show及空后的for可知，空处应为名词，故填admiration“钦佩，赞赏”。7to考查介词。此处表示尽管她们一年给英国经济贡献74亿英镑。contribute sth. to sth.“增进/添加某物到某物”为固定搭配。8theirs考查代词。根据语境可知，此处表示62%的男性说他们的(公司)是成功的。此处指代their companies，因此用名词性物主代词theirs。9higher考查形容词比较级。此处是比较男性企业家与女性企业家的公司利润，平均来看，女性企业家的税前利润较高。空前的even也是提示。10an考查冠词。此处表示“一个年度的营业额”，表示泛指含义，应用不定冠词，且后面的annual的发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。BWhen scholars of international relations predict that the 21st century will be a “Chinese century”， they are full of reasons._1_ America remains the only superpower, China is responsible for an important share of global change.Since _2_ start of the financial crisis in 2008, for example, China has accounted _3_ 45% of the gain in world GDP.In 1990 about 750 million Chinese people lived in extreme _4_ (poor); today fewer than 10 million do.Its GDP per person, in terms of purchasing power, _5_ (rise) ten times since 1990.Chinas _6_ (amaze) performance has greatly affected the worlds economic output.The Economist has worked out a geographic centre of the global economy by taking an average of each countrys latitude and longitude (经纬度), _7_ (measure) by _8_ (it) GDP.At the height of Americas control, this point previously sat in the north Atlantic.But China has pulled it so far east _9_ the global centre of economic gravity _10_ (be) now in Siberia.语篇解读：国际关系学者预言21世纪将是“中国的世纪”。本文介绍了这些学者做出这种预言的理由。1Although/Though/While考查状语从句。句意：尽管美国仍然是唯一的超级大国，但中国已经是影响全球变化的重要的力量。根据句意，此处应引导让步状语从句，故填Although/Though/While“虽然，尽管”。2the考查冠词。句意：比如，自从2008年金融危机爆发以来，中国已经占了世界GDP增长的45%。此处特指“2008年金融危机爆发”，应使用定冠词，故填the。3for考查介词。account for为固定短语，意为“占(比例)”。4poverty考查名词。句意：1990年中国有大约7.5亿人处于极度贫困中，而现在的贫困人口不足1 000万。根据空前介词in及形容词extreme可知，此处应使用名词“贫困”。故填poverty。5has risen考查动词的时态。句意：自1990年以来，从购买力方面来看其人均GDP已经上升了10倍。根据时间状语since 1990可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故填has risen。6amazing考查形容词。句意：中国的惊人成就极大影响了世界经济产出。设空处作名词performance的定语，需用形容词；amazing意为“惊人的”。7measured考查非谓语动词。句意：经济学人通过取每个国家经纬度的平均值，经GDP加权，测算出全球经济的地理中心位置。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，且an average of each countrys latitude and longitude与measure之间为逻辑上的被动关系且设空处表示完成，需填过去分词measured。8its考查代词。此处指代each countrys，作定语，应使用形容词性物主代词，故填its。9that考查结果状语从句。句意：在美国统治的巅峰时期，这个中心点曾在北大西洋。但是中国把经济重心往东拉，现在全球经济重心已经到了西伯利亚。根据设空处前的“so”可知设空处填that，构成“so .that .”句式，意为“如此以至于”。10is考查动词的时态。根据句意及句中时间状语now可知设空处需用一般现在时，故填is。CNewlydeveloped robotic arms by Chinese researchers _1_ (show) at a scitech exhibition on Tuesday in east Chinas Anhui Province. The robotic arms, developed by researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), have advanced grasping abilities compared _2_ those on the market. They can complete flexible movements including _3_ (pick) up pieces of paper, bowls, soft tofu and cakes and placing them in certain places accurately. With the arms, robots can grasp and place different objects _4_ (steady) after judging the shape and size of the item.The current robotic arms in China can hardly conduct such complex movements, _5_ the imported robotic arms with such functions are very expensive. “The new robotic arms cost no more than 1, 000 yuan，” said Chen Xiaoping, _6_ (direct) of the Robotics Laboratory at USTC, adding that this gives them an advantage for much _7_ (wide) application.According to Chen, the arms _8_ (be) first installed on “Kejia”， _9_ home service robot developed by USTC, and are expected _10_ (use) in more fields such as the elderly care services and logistics in the future.语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道，简要介绍了中国机械手研究所取得的成就。1were shown考查动词的时态和语态。由句中的时间状语on Tuesday及主语robotic arms和show之间为动宾关系可知，这里应该用一般过去时的被动语态，即were shown。2with/to考查介词。此处是固定搭配，compare with/to意为“和相比”。3picking考查非谓语动词。including是介词，后接动名词短语作宾语，空处和后面的placing构成并列关系，所以用picking。4steadily考查副词。这里用副词steadily修饰place different objects，作方式状语，意为“持续地，稳固地”。5and考查并列连词。两个分句分别说明了当前国内机械手的不足之处和进口的同类功能的机械手价格昂贵，由此可知两个分句之间是并列关系，所以用and。6director考查名词。此处用direct的名词形式director作Chen Xiaoping的同位语，意为“主管，负责人”。7wider考查形容词的比较级。由语境和前面的修饰语much可知，这里应该用比较级。8will be考查动词的时态。由句中的时间状语in the future可知，此处应该用一般将来时。9a考查冠词。这里应该用不定冠词a表示一类事物中的一个，有数量“一”的意思。10to be used考查非谓语动词。因为本句的主语是the arms，谓语是are expected，且the arms与use之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处应用不定式的被动式，即sth. is expected to be done，所以用to be used。语法填空提能综合练(二)(限时：25分钟)AExperts say that several obvious differences in people affect the awareness of humour. _1_ most important seems to be age.Babies and children are _2_ (constant) discovering the world around them. A lot of what goes on seems ridiculous and surprising, however, they find them so funny. Whats funny to them consists _3_ short and simple concepts. Much to their parents _4_ (disappoint), children also appreciate jokes that we refer to as “toilet humour”The preteen and teenage years _5_ (be) almost universally rebellious (叛逆的). Lots of teens laugh at jokes that focus on food, authority figures, etc. It is a time of life _6_ you lack confidence.As we grow up, both our bodies and our attitudes towards life and the world grow and change. Our sense of humour becomes more developed as we learn more. By the time we become matured, we _7_ (experience) much of life. In _8_ (keep) with these experiences, our sense of humour is more complex. We laugh at other people and _9_ (we) in shared common embarrassment. The things we find funny seem to be related to the _10_ (stress) experiences we go through during this time.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。适度的幽默感无疑可以提升个人魅力。本文主要介绍了影响人的幽默感的因素。1The考查冠词。句意：最重要的似乎是年龄。形容词最高级前要用定冠词，同时注意句首首字母大写，故此处填The。2constantly考查副词。修饰动词discovering应用副词constantly。3of考查介词。consist of为固定短语，意为“由构成；包括”。4disappointment考查名词。much to their parents disappointment意为“令他们父母很失望的是”。5are考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句为叙述一般事实，故应用一般现在时；主语The preteen and teenage years表示复数概念，谓语动词应用复数形式，故此处填are。6when考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是a time of life，表示时间，且从句缺少时间状语，故填when。7will have experienced考查动词的时态。by the time表示“到时候为止；当的时候”。因为从句的谓语动词用一般现在时，故主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。8keeping考查非谓语动词。介词in后面需接动名词作宾语，故此处填keeping。9ourselves考查代词。句意：我们在共同的尴尬中嘲笑别人和我们自己。由句意可知，此处应用反身代词，故填ourselves。10stressful考查形容词。修饰名词experiences应用形容词，故填stressful“紧张的，压力重的”。BPeople use the word “friend” in a _1_ (various) of ways.A friend can mean anything from an acquaintance (泛泛之交) to someone youve known.Whoever they are, friends are an important part of life at every stage.For some people, making friends is easy.For others, it can be _2_ struggle.Its easy for people who know how to connect with others.But you dont need to be clever or _3_ (charm) to make friends.People who make friends easily know how to be _4_ (them)Theres an old saying: “A friend is someone who knows you well and _5_ (like) you anyway.”There are three simple things you can do to make friends.First, you have to like yourself.Make a list of your _6_ (strong), talents and achievements.That way, when you meet new people, youll know _7_ you have to share.Next, learn how to listen.To succeed in friendships, you need to show an interest _8_ others.Ask questions about other people.Finally, its a good idea _9_ (join) a club or take a class.That way, you can meet people who have similar interests.Good friends _10_ (usual) like the same things.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了交朋友的三个简单步骤。1variety考查固定搭配。句意：人们用各种各样的方式使用“朋友”这个词。根据句意可知，此处考查固定搭配a variety of意为“各种各样的”。2a考查冠词。句意：对其他人来说，它可能是一种困难的事。此处struggle为可数名词，表示“困难的事”，且struggle的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用冠词a。3charming考查形容词。根据空前的“clever or”并结合句意可知，此处应用形容词。4themselves考查代词。句意：交朋友的人很容易明白如何做自己。根据句意和主语People可知，此处应用themselves。5likes考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对一般情况的描述，应用一般现在时，且此处和knows并列作谓语，故填likes。6strengths考查名词。根据后面的“talents and achievements”并结合句意可知，此处应用名词，且strength作“优点”讲时为可数名词，所以用strengths。7what考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语，表示“的事物”，故用what引导该宾语从句。8in考查介词。此处表示你需要对他人表现出兴趣。show an interest in .意为“对表现出兴趣”，为固定用法。9to join考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to join。10usually考查副词。句意：好朋友通常喜欢相同的事物。空处修饰空后的动词like，故用副词usually。CNot all children are as happy as we usually expect. About 20 percent suffer from anxiety and _1_ (depress), but those internalized (内在的) disorders are hard to spot.A study _2_ (publish) on Jan.16 in the journal describes an AIenabled tool to screen children for internalized disorders _3_ (accurate). Researchers used _4_ tool to pick up on the childrens behavior and feelings, such as anxiety. The children in a dimly (昏暗地) lit room _5_ (tell) to look at a covered glass box that contained a fake snake. Then the researchers scored their responses.The new tool identified differences between children with internalized disorders _6_ those without. The childrens movements _7_ the snake were the most indicative (指示的) since those with internalized disorders tended to keep away from the potential threat. It showed that they _8_ (have) more anxiety, and the keepingaway behavior was a negative reaction.The studys coauthor says the new method opens up _9_ (possibility) of largescale screening to identify anxious and depressed children, _10_ (add) that early intervention (介入) is key because young childrens brains respond well to treatment.语篇解读：未成年人的焦虑问题频发。一项研究运用科技的力量对未成年人焦虑问题展开探索，以求找到解决方法。1depression考查名词。连词and提示前后的词性应保持一致，故应填名词形式。2published考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处publish与A study之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语修饰A study。3accurately考查副词。空格处修饰前面的动词短语，故用副词形式。4the考查冠词。根据上文中的“an AIenabled tool”可知此处表特指，故用定冠词the。5were told考查动词的时态和语态。此处表示孩子们被告知执行相应的动作，故应用被动语态，且此处描述过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。6and考查连词。between . and是固定搭配，表示“和之间”。7before考查介词。下文讲到孩子看到假蛇后的反应，此处应该是孩子在假蛇面前的反应。8had考查动词的时态。主从复合句的时态应保持一致，由showed的时态可知，此处用一般过去时。9possibilities考查名词的数。可数名词复数表示泛指的概念，此处表示存在的种种可能。10adding考查非谓语动词。前面主语发出此动作，中间没有连接的标志词，add与其逻辑主语coauthor之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词。语法填空提能综合练(三)(限时：25分钟)AEach of us has a time of the day when were at our best. For some, its the morning, and for _1_， the afternoon or evening. These times relate to _2_ scientists call our biological clock. Now, a new study, _3_ (publish) in Scientific Reports, suggests that the relationship _4_ students biological clocks and their study schedules can have a big effect on their grades.After studying the rhythms and _5_ (activity) of students through data analysis, the researchers found the closer the connection between students schedules and their natural biological clocks was, the _6_ (high) their grades were. According to the research, those students who suffered from a mismatch went through a kind of social jet lag (时差反应). For example, some students performed best at night and therefore _7_ (choose) to study in the evening. But if those students had _8_ early morning class, they often felt tired from late night studying and didnt get the most out of the class. They might get a lower grade in exams and coursework._9_ (hopeful), the findings could help everyone to be aware and take advantage of their own biological rhythms _10_ (lead) a healthy life and get a high grade.语篇解读：生物钟因人而异，有人觉得早晨精神抖擞，而有人则晚上感到精力充沛。充分利用生物钟合理安排学习计划，将有助于过健康的生活并提高我们的学习成绩。1others考查代词。根据该句中“For some”，并结合空前的“for”可知，空处应用“others”，表示“对于其他人来说”。2what考查名词性从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作relate to的宾语；且空处在从句中作及物动词call的宾语，表示“的事物”，故用what引导该宾语从句。3published考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词publish和主语“a new study”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作后置定语。4between考查介词。根据语境及本句中的“and”可知，此处表示学生的生物钟和学习计划之间的关系会对他们的成绩产生很大影响。故用between。5activities考查名词复数。activity表示“(为兴趣、娱乐或达到一定目的而进行的)活动”时为可数名词，且根据语境并结合常识可知，学生的活动不止一种，故用复数形式。6higher考查形容词的比较级。此处为“the比较级.，the比较级.”结构。学生的学习计划和他们的自然生物钟联系越紧密，他们的分数越高，故空处用比较级higher。7chose考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“performed”可知，该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故空处用动词的过去式chose。8an考查冠词。该处泛指“一节早晨的课”，故用不定冠词；且early的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。9Hopefully考查副词。修饰整个句子应用副词，故用hopeful的副词形式Hopefully修饰后面的整个句子。10to lead考查非谓语动词。句意：希望这些发现能帮助每个人了解自己的生物节律，并利用它来过健康的生活和取得好成绩。根据句意可知，空处表示目的，故用动词不定式。BThe Chrysanthemum (菊花) Culture Festival of Kaifeng, China has been held for 36 years since 1983.It has won several Guinness World Records, _1_ are related to the city flower.Since the Northern Song Dynasty, _2_ (grow) the chrysanthemum was then popular in Kaifeng and has become a tradition so far.Every year in October, it is the season of the chrysanthemum to bloom (开花) across _3_ city.The culture and beauty of the flowers have earned Kaifeng the position of being one of the best places to _4_ (full) appreciate the beauty of the chrysanthemum and made the festival a feast for visitors eyes.The festival is not just about the blooming of the chrysanthemum, _5_ it also links with Kaifeng culture.The festival in Kaifeng differs _6_ others for its show of Song Dynasty palace culture.In 2015, the Kaifeng city _7_ (govern) released a “culture plus strategy”， calling for development of all _8_ (type) of industries in the city based on culture.In recent years enterprising local industries _9_ (expand) the business by developing a range of products related to the chrysanthemum such as oils, drugs and arts.The festival has promoted the extension of the chrysanthemum industry.The festival is a city brand of Kaifeng with a farreaching _10_ (culture) history.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。开封市的“中国开封菊花文化节”久负盛名。从宋朝开始，种植菊花就成为一种潮流。如今，开封市以菊花为中心制定文化发展战略，提升了城市建设与文化品位。1which考查定语从句。由上下文语境可知，空处应用关系代词which作主语，引导非限制性定语从句。2growing考查非谓语动词。由下文的“was then popular”可知，此空为非谓语动词即动名词短语作主语，表示过去的一般行为。3the考查冠词。由上下文可知，此处特指开封这座城市，故用定冠词the。4fully考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词fully修饰动词appreciate。5but考查并列连词。由上下文的逻辑关系及关键信息词“not just .also”可知，此处应填并列连词but。6from考查介词。动词短语differ from“与不同”。7government考查名词。根据下文内容可知，此处表示“开封市政府”，故用动词govern的名词形式government。8types考查名词复数。由空前的all及后面的of industries可知，此处应用可数名词type的复数形式，即types。9have expanded考查动词的时态。由时间状语“In recent years”及本段最后一句的现在完成时可知，此处也应用现在完成时。10cultural考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处应用形容词作定语，修饰history，故填cultural。CTo celebrate the Lantern Festival the Palace Museum organized its first light show in the Forbidden City.The complex (建筑群), home to Chinese emperors for almost five _1_ (century), was opened at night for the first time in 94 years. It was lit up with giant red lanterns and projections of ancient paintings. Masterpieces such as Along the River During the Qingming Festival were projected (投影) on the roofs, giving visitors a feeling like walking _2_ time. The design team smartly combined high technology _3_ (light) with the principles of cultural relic preservation.Only 3,000 people _4_ (allow) in on that day: 500 people who booked their tickets online, and 2,500 _5_ (invite) guests including model workers, officers, soldiers, and ambassadors.With _6_ series of wellplanned and touristfriendly cultural activities, the Palace Museum is now on a campaign to make traditional Chinese culture more _7_ (access) to the general public. It has set an example to other museums in our country, most of _8_ seem to be still living in days gone by. Hopefully, the handsome turnover (营业额) will be used _9_ (appropriate) to better protect the Forbidden City and improve _10_ (it) international image of being part of the worlds cultural heritage.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了故宫博物院在故宫举办的第一次元宵灯会。1centuries考查名词复数。century意为“世纪”，为可数名词，根据空前的five可知，该处应用复数形式centuries。2through考查介词。句意：一些名作如清明上河图被投影在屋顶上，给游客一种穿越时空的感觉。故此处应用through“穿过”。3lighting考查名词。句意：设计团队巧妙地将高科技灯光与文物保护原则相结合。根据句意可知，空处应用名词形式lighting“灯光”和the principles并列。4were allowed考查动词的时态和语态。根据该句中的that day可知，该句叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时；主语3,000 people和动词allow之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态，故填were allowed。5invited考查非谓语动词。此处表示2 500名受邀嘉宾。动词invite和guests之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词invited作名词guests的定语。6a考查冠词。此处表示故宫博物院展开了一系列精心策划的、对游客友好的文化活动。a series of为固定搭配，意为“一系列”。7accessible考查形容词。该处表示使中国传统文化更容易为公众所理解。be accessible to为固定搭配，意为“对来说容易理解的”。8which考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词museums，作介词of的宾语，故用which引导该定语从句。9appropriately考查副词。空处修饰其前的“will be used”，故用副词形式appropriately。10its考查代词。分析该句结构可知，international image和it是所有关系，表示“它的国际形象”，故用形容词性物主代词its。语法填空提能综合练(四)(限时：25分钟)AA new social robot has been introduced to the public at Nanyang Technological University in Singapore.The robot, _1_ (call) Nadine, was built by a research team at the university.Nadine has