英语直接引语和间接引语ppt课件

Directspeech Indirectspeech DirectSpeechandIndirectSpeech 引语的概念 直接引述别人的原话 叫 直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来 叫 间接引语 直接引语通常都用 括起来 引号 直接引语变为间接引语就是写成 宾语从句 DirectSpeech直接引语 IndirectSpeech间接引语 Shesaid Ilikesinging Shesaid Iamwaitingforabus Shesaid IvisitedEuropelastyear Shesaidshelikedsinging Shesaidshewaswaitingforabus ShesaidshehadvisitedEuropetheyearbefore 直接引语是陈述句 变为间接引语时用that引导宾语从句 用say tome tell think wish hope see believe agree expect hear feel引述 连词that只起连接作用 不做句子成分 也无词汇意义 常被省略 从句中的人称 时态 等相应变化 人称的变化 一随主 二随宾 第三人称不变 引号内的第一人称变间接引后与主句主语的人称保持一致 引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致 引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变 Shesaid IlikeTennis Shesaidthatshelikedtennis HesaidtoLily youmustgetupearly HetoldLilythatshemustgetupearly Shesaidtome Theywanttohelphim Shetoldmethattheywantedtohelphim 一随主 二随宾 第三人称不更新 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 任何时态 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 Theteachersaid Thesunisbiggerthantheearth Theteachersaidthatthesunisbiggerthantheearth 注 直引若是客观真理 变为间引时 时态不变 时态变化 2 宾语从句的时态1 如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时 从句的谓语动词可根据需要 选用相应的任何时态 如 Hetellsmethathissistercamebackyesterday 2 如果主句的谓语动词是过去时 宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要 选用过去时态即一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式 Thechildrendidn tknowwhohewas 3 如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实 普遍真理 自然现象或习惯性动作等 不管主句用什么时态 从句时态都用一般现在时 如 Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun 老师说地球绕着太阳转 直接引语 间接引语 指示代词 时间状语 地点状语 方向性动词 this these that those now then today thatday thisweek thatweek yesterday thedaybefore lastweek theweekbefore tomorrow thenext followingday nextmonth thenext followingmonth here there come bring go take 情态动词 can may must could might hadto 解题步骤 1 陈述句 Idon tlikecomputers Sandysaidtoherfriends Sandysaidtoherfriends that said didn t she Sandysaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn tlikecomputers 1 Inevereatmeat hesaid Hesaidthat never meat 2 Ihavefoundmywallet hesaidtome He methathe wallet 3 Theteachersaid Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest Theteachersaidthatthesun intheeastand downinthewest 4 Youmustcomeherebeforefive hesaid 5 Hesaid Youcansithere Jim 6 I mgladtogetyoure mail Hesaidtome 直接引语是疑问句 变间接引语时 要把疑问语序变为陈述语序 用ask引述 直接引语是一般疑问句 用if或whether连接 是否 Whether if在从句中不做成分 一般情况下 whether和if可以替换 在介词之后用whether Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney 在具有选择意义 与ornot连用时 往往用whether例 Idon tknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeornot 2 一般疑问句 Isiteasytoworkouttheproblem Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim if Itiseasytoworkouttheproblem itiseasytoworkouttheproblem asked is was Theyaskedhimifitwaseasytoworkouttheproblem 直接引语是特殊疑问句 变为间接引语时 仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导 由wh 引导的宾语从句 连接代词who whom whose what which 和连接副词when where why how等连接的宾语从句 它们在句中即有连接从句的作用 又在句中充当句子的成分 宾语从句的语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句 宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序 3 特殊疑问句 Whendoyouharvestthewheat Theyaskedhim Theyaskedhim when youharvestthewheat youharvestthewheat he harvested Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat 1 Doyouknowwhereshelives heasked Heasked knewwhereshe 2 Areyouinterestedinthis hesaid He Iwasinterestedin 3 Doyougotoschoolonfoot IsaidtoMike 4 Isyourmotheraworker Sheaskedme 5 DoesMarystudyhard Hewantstoknow 6 Heasked Howdoyoufindit mother Heaskedhermother it 7 Whereareyouthesedays heasked Heaskedme thesedays 直接引语是祈使句 变成间接引语 把动词原形变成动词不定式 并在动词不定前加tell ask order advise等动词的宾语 注意 否定句 在动词不定式前加not或never DirectSpeech IndirectSpeech Thepolicemanorderedustobequiet Thepolicemanordered Bequiet Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow Theteachersaidtotheboy Openthewindow 宾语从句与简单句的交换由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时 可以用 疑问词 不定式 做宾语的简单句结构 例Hedidn tknowwherehewouldlive Hedidn tknowwheretolive 1 Jacksaidtome Youlookworriedtoday Jacktoldmethat worried A helooks todayB youlook todayC welooked thatdayD Ilooked thatday ExerciseII 2 Wesaidtoher They rewalkingthroughthestreetnow Wetoldherthat throughthestreet A wewerewalking thenB youarewalking nowC theywerewalking thenD theywalking now 3 MrBlacksaid Ihavewalkedalongwaythisweek MrBlacksaidthat alongway A Ihadwalked lastweekB hehadwalked thatweekC Iwalked lastweekD hehaswalked thisweek 4 Themanthought Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow Themanthoughtthat takeitback A Ishall tomorrowB Ishall thenextdayC heshould tomorrowD hewould thenextday 5 Theysaidtous Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse Theyaskedus afraidtoleave house A thatwerewe thisB thatwewere thatC ifwerewe thisD ifwewere that 6 Janesaid Whatdidhehearaboutaweekago Janeasked about A thatheheard aweekagoB whathehadheard theweekbeforeC whathehadherd