《美国文学》二十二

1 Lecture20Imagism1 Modernisminliterature1 TheconceptModernismisappliedtothewiderangeofschoolsandtrendsinliterature andotherarts inthefirsthalfofthe20thcenturywithanti traditionalcharacteristics experimentalandavant garde 2 2 DifferentschoolsinmodernistliteraturelateSymbolism Imagism Futurism Expressionism Surrealism Existentialism MagicRealism BlackHumor theTheatreoftheAbsurd etc 3 3 Commoncharacteristicsthemajorthematicfeatures alienationman manman societyman natureman materialman selfstrongcriticalspirit 4 themajorartisticfeatures useofsymbolism useofstreamofconsciousnesstechniques emphasisonabsurdity anti traditional 5 2 Imagism1 TheconceptapoeticschoolinBritishandAmericanliterature inventedbyasmallgroupofBritishandAmericanpoetswhocametogetherinthefirstyearsofthe20thcenturytofindsomenewwayofwritingpoetry imagismhelpedtoopenthefirstpagesofmodernBritishandAmericanpoetry 6 ComingasareactiontothetraditionalEnglishpoetics imagismisashort livedbutinfluentialliterarymovementinBritishandAmericanliteraryhistory chieflyoccurringinthefieldofpoetryfrom1908to1917 7 2 ThethreestagesofImagismThe1ststage 1908to1912 T E Hulme 1883 1917 Britishcritic philosopher poet thefirstImagisttheorist theuseofonedominantimage Eachwordmustbeanimageseen Eachsentenceshouldbealump apieceofclay avisionseen absolutelyaccuratepresentationandnoverbiage 8 The2ndstage 1912 1914 EzraPound 1885 1972 F S Flint 1885 1960 Britishpoetandtranslator H D threeImagistprinciples Imagistmanifesto Directtreatmentofthe thing whethersubjectiveorobjective Tousenowordthatdoesnotcontributetothepresentation Asregardingrhythm tocomposeinthesequenceofthemusicalphrase notinthesequenceofametronome 节拍器 在节奏上 采用有音乐性的词语 而不用格律形式 9 The3rdstage 1914to1917 AmyLowell 1874 1925 theperiodof Amygism PounddidnotlikethewayLowellmanipulatedtheactivityofthemovement norwasLowellpleasedwithPound sauthoritarianismwithinit Poundlefttodevotehisattentiontonewmovementslike Vorticism TheImagistmovementgraduallylostitsmomentum andafter1917 ceasedtobeamovement 10 3 CommentonImagism onlyatransientphrase nogreatpoetry importantinanumberofways arebellionagainstthetraditionalpoetics andofferedanewwayofwritingwhichwasvalidnotonlyfortheImagistpoetsbutformodernpoetryasawhole almostallmajormodernpoetswereinonewayoranotherassociatedwithitorbenefitedfromit 11 4 ImageAnImagistpoemoftencontainsasingledominantimage oraquicksuccessionofrelatedimages Pound anintellectualandemotionalcomplexinaninstantoftime 表达瞬间的智慧和情感的综合体 12 generally awordorasequenceofwordsreferringtoanysensoryexperienceandimpression representativesofthingsaccessibletothefivesenses sighthearingtouchtastesmell 13 typesofimages visualauditorytactilegustatory 味觉的 olfactory 嗅觉的 kinestheticabstract 14 tied fixed itsmeaningsorassociationalvaluesbeingthesameornearlythesameforallreaders generallynoambiguityormisunderstandings free capableofhavingdifferentmeaningsorassociationalvalues unsteady uncertain fordifferentpeople 15 literal involvingnonecessarychangeorextensionintheobviousmeaningofthewords figurative involvinga turn ontheliteralmeaningofthewords 16 ThankYou Happy2009 17 休姆一生仅写过六首小诗 却被庞德誉为第一位 意象派诗人 如他的 秋 可谓最早的意象诗 秋夜一丝寒意 我在田野中漫步 遥望赤色的月亮俯身在藩篱上像一个红脸庞的农夫 我没有停步招呼 只是点点头 周遭尽是深深沉思的星星 脸色苍白 像城市中的儿童 18 希尔达 杜利特尔著名的 奥丽特 发表于 诗刊 1913年第4期 翻腾吧 大海 翻腾起你尖尖的松针 把你