过去完成时(详细讲解)32708PPT课件

Unit5films Grammar A ThePastPerfectTense Thepresentperfecttense 现在完成时 Have has thepastparticiple IhavereceivedaletterfromLilyrecently Hashehandedinherhomeworkyet HehasjustgonetoBeijing TheyhaveneverbeentotheUSA Wehavelivedherefortenyears 过去完成时使用要点 1两个动作都发生在过去 2一个先发生 一个后发生 先发生的动作用过去完成 后发生的动作用一般过去 Audreyhadputallhereffortintoballettrainingbeforesheenteredthefilmindustry AudreyhadbeenamodelbeforeshebecameaHollywoodsuperstar AudreyhadwonanOscarforBestActressalreadywhenshewontheTonyAwards formeraction lateraction lateraction formeraction formeraction lateraction Whichhappenedfirst 1 Millieranbacktoschool Millielefthermagazineintheclassroom 2 Simonleftschoollate Thefootballgamestartedlate 3 Danielarrivedoutofbreath Danielwenttothewrongcinema because because because Millieranbacktoschoolbecauseshehadlefthermagazineintheclassroom Simonleftschoollatebecausethefootballgamehadstartedlate Danielarrivedoutofbreathbecausehehadgonetothewrongcinema Whichhappenedfirst 1 Millieranbacktoschool Millielefthermagazineintheclassroom 2 Simonleftschoollate Thefootballgamestartedlate 3 Danielarrivedoutofbreath Danielwenttothewrongcinema because because because Millieranbacktoschoolbecauseshehadlefthermagazineintheclassroom Simonleftschoollatebecausethefootballgamehadstartedlate Danielarrivedoutofbreathbecausehehadgonetothewrongcinema 4 Amylostherpurse Amywenttothepolicestation 5 Theprogramwasonforhalfanhour Igothome 6 ShelearntmanyEnglishwords Shecametoourschool after when before Amywenttothepolicestationaftershehadlostherpurse TheprogramhadbeenonforhalfanhourwhenIgothome ShehadlearntmanyEnglishwordsbeforeshecametoourschool SomethinginGreen sfamilyyesterday Mr Greengotupat6 30a m Mrs Greengotreadyforthebreakfastbefore6 30a m Mrs GreenhadgotreadyforthebreakfastwhenMr Greengotupat6 30a m SomethinginGreen sfamilyyesterday Jimfinishedhishomeworkat7 00p m Mr Greendrovebackhomeat7 30p m Jimhadfinishedhishomeworkwhenhisfatherdrovebacklastnight SomethinginGreen sfamilyyesterday Sarafinishedhercomputerworkat12 00p m Jimwenttosleepat10 00p m JimhadgonetosleepwhenSarafinishedhercomputerwork pastperfecttense 过去完成时 由had 过去分词构成表示过去的过去生的动作 构成方式 肯定句 had 动词的过去分词 否定句 hadnot 过去分词 一般疑问句 had 主语 过去分词 肯定回答 Yes 主语 had 否定回答 No 主语 hadn t 基本用法 1 过去完成时表示在过去某时或某个动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态或表示经历或经验 1 我说自从你搬到这儿以来妈妈一直为你的懒惰而生气 辨别 自从你搬到这儿以来妈妈一直为你的懒惰而生气 Isaidmotherhadbeenangryaboutyourlazinesssincewemovedhere Motherhasbeenangryaboutyourlazinesssincewemovedhere Thefilmhadbegunbeforewegottothecinema 2 我到达电影院之前电影早已经开始了 2 过去完成时表示过去某一时间以前开始一直延续到那个时间并可能延续下去的动作 常和by或since for引导的表时间的从句或短语连用 但必须要与一个表示过去时的动作相对照 1 他来我们学校之前已经在那所学校工作了三年 辨别 他已经在那所学校工作了三年 Hehadworkedinthatschoolforthreeyearsbeforehecametoourschool Hehasworkedinthatschoolforthreeyears 我到达电影院之前电影早已经开始了 Thefilmhadbegunbeforewegottothecinema 2 当Millie到达电影院的时候 电影已经开始了半个小时了 ThefilmhadalreadybeenonforhalfanhourwhenMilliegottothecinema 3 到2005年 我在这工作已经五年了 试比较 Bytheyear2005 Ihadworkedherefor5years 我在这工作已经五年了 Ihaveworkedherefor5years 到目前为止 我在这工作已经五年了 Bynow Ihaveworkedherefor5years 到上学期末为止 我在这工作已经五年了 Bytheendoflastterm Ihadworkedherefor5years 到下学期末 我将完成学业 Bytheendofnextterm Iwillfinishschool 3 过去完成时表示在某一动作之前已经完成的动作 过去的时间由before after when引导的时间从句表示出来 1 我在你回来之前就已经把晚饭准备好了 2 当我赶到学校时 已经开始上课了 3 在我到家之前他已经走了 Ihadfinishedcookingdinnerbeforeyoucameback TheclasshadbegunwhenIgottoschool HehadleftbeforeIgothome 试比较 Ihadfinishedcookingdinnerwhenyoucameback 1 你回来的时候 我已经把晚饭做好了 辨别 你回来的时候 我正在做晚饭 所以没时间和你聊天 Iwascookingdinnerwhenyoucameback SoIhadnotimetotalkwithyou 试比较 2 在我到家之前 他已经走了 HehadleftbeforeIarrivedhome HewasgettingreadytoleavewhenIarrivedhome 辨别 当我到家的时候 他正准备离开 4 在told said knew heard thought等动词引导的宾语从句中 一般用过去完成时 1 她说她从来没有去过巴黎 Shesaid that shehadneverbeentoParis 2 我觉得我以前见过他 IthoughtthatIhadseenhimbefore 3 Tom说他借了这本书两周了 Tomsaidhehadborrowedthebookfor2weeks kept 试作比较 昨天我见到王先生了 自从他离开北京我们就一直未曾见过面 IsawMr Wangyesterday WehadnotseeneachothersinceheleftBeijing 自从他离开北京我们就一直未曾见过面 WehavenotseeneachothersinceheleftBeijing 5 表示意向的动词 如hope wish expect think mean suppose等 用过去完成时表示 原本 未能 1 结果比我们原来想象的要好 Theresultwasbetterthanwhatwehadexpected 2 我们原本期望你会来的 但是你没有来 Wehadhopedthatyouwouldcome butyoudidn t 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去 但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响 与现在有关 其结构是have has 过去分词 过去完成时则是一个相对的时态 它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去 更强调 过去的过去 只有和过去的某时或某动作相比较时 才用到它 到目前为止我已经学会了3000个单词 到那时我已经学会了3000个英语单词 Ihavelearned3000Englishwordssofar tillnow Ihadlearned3000Englishwordstillthen 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 1 时间状语不同 过去完成时在时间上强调 过去的过去 而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间 Theyhadarrivedatthestationbytenyesterday 说明不到 点就在车站了 Theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday 说明 点到车站的 2 在没有明确的时间状语做标志时 谓语动词动作发生的时间先后须依据上下文来判断 先发生的用过去完成时 后发生的用一般过去时 Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforemymothercameback 在妈妈回来前 我已经把作业写完了 当两个或两个以上的动作用and或but连接时 按时间顺序只需用一般过去时代替过去完成时 另外在引导的从句中由于这些连词本身已经表示时间的先后 因此也可以用过去时来代替过去完成时Heenteredtheroom turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper I had calledherbeforeIlefttheoffice 总结 1两个动作都发生在过去 但有先后顺序 比较明显的时间词是when before after 注意when引导的过去进行时 2by till upto引导的时间bytheendoflastterm lastmonth过去完成时nextterm thisterm一般将来时bynow现在完成时3句子中出现for since引导的时间 必须有hesaid hetoldme heknew等一般过去时作为参照 才能使用过去完成时 4语境题 要根据前后句意来判断 Hedidn tgowithme becausehehadbeentherebefore 一次性动词与延续性动词的替换begin start 表上映 beon begin starttodo doend finish beoveropen beopenclose beclosed buy haveborrow keep died bedeadleave sw beaway fromsw gettoknow know come go bejoin bein beamemberofarrive get reach bebecomeinterestedin beinterestedintakeawalk rest haveawalk restreceive getaletterfromsb hearfrom havealetterfromsb Morepractice WhenIarrivedthere they leave already Thefilm start whenwegottothecinema I read thebookbeforeIstartedschool Theythoughtthatthey try theirbest Thepoorgirlneversawhergrandpabecausehe passaway beforeshewasborn I notrealize shewasn tChineseuntilshespoke He notsee thefilmyesterday becausehe see italreadybefore hadleft hadstarted hadread hadtried hadpassedaway hadn trealized didn tsee hadseen 选择填空 1 DidyouseeTomattheparty No Marytoldmethathe bythetimeIgotthere A leftB wasleavingC hadleftD hasleft 2 Hesaidthathe hislunchyet A hadn thadB hasn thadC wouldn thaveD washaving 3 Bytheendoflastyearwe eachotherfortenyears A haveknownB knewC wereknowingD hadknown 4 IsawLiLeiyesterday Wehadn tseeneachother IleftBeijing A afterB beforeC sinceD until c A D c 6 Ilearned thecityforalongtime shehasbeeninB shehasgonetoC shehadbeeninD shehadgoneto 7 Hesaidthathe acoldforthreedays A hasB hadcaughtC hadhadD hasgot 8 IsawKatewithanewradioinherhandyesterday butshetoldmeshe theradiofortendays hasboughtB hadboughtC hashadD hadhad c c D 9 Thefilm whenIgotthere A hasbegunB hadalreadystartedC beganD havealreadybegun 10 Thefilm fortenminuteswhenwegottothecinema A hadalreadybeenonB hadalreadybegunC havealreadybeenonD havealreadybegun A B Morepractice Hetoldmehe meet herbefore ShethankedmeforwhatI do forherson I learn 300wordsbytheendoflastmonth He leave hisofficewhenIarrivedthere She visit thecitythreetimesbeforeshediedin1997 Theyknewshe borrow alotofmoneyforher