When引导的定语从句与时间状语从句的区分.doc

一、从句是如何出题的？1. 时态 2. 考连接词 3. 考语言顺序二、学好从句的两个基本条件1. 时态 2. 从句的三个必须: 必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句三、状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句重点1. 如何判断何种从句 2. 从句的时态 3. 从句的连接词与扩展4. 经典单选、从句与选词、长句子分析四、如何判断三种从句1. 状语从句 无先行词 2. 宾语(表语)从句 无先行词有动词或词组3. 定语从句 先行词多为名词或代词一、When引导的定语从句与时间状语从句的区分1. when的译法不同。在时间状语中，when 翻译成“当的时候” I want to be a teacher when I grow up. 当我长大的时候，我要做一名老师。 在定语从句中，when不翻译。I wont forget the day when he says he loves me. 我不会忘记他说爱我的那一天。2. 在时间状语中，when从句前面或后面是句子；定语从句中，when从句不能位于句首，且通常when前为表示时间的名词day、year等。3. when在从句的作用不同。在时间状语从句中，when是连词，只起连接主句和从句的作用，不做从句的任何成分。不过when引导的时间状语从句修饰主句的谓语，做主句的时间状语。在定语从句中，when是关系副词，在从句中代替先行词做从句的时间状语，修饰从句的谓语。例1 I will always remember the days when I lived with my grandparents in the country. 例2 I always remember the days in the country when I see the photo of my grandparents.点评：例1意为“我会永远记得跟我祖父母一起住在乡下的那些日子”，其中when 引导的是一个定语从句, 修饰the days, when在从句中作时间状语。例2意为“当我看到祖父母的照片时，总是会想起在乡下的那些日子”，其中when 引导的从句并不修饰前面的名词the country，因此可判定为时间状语从句。 例1中的when可用in which替代，即从句可改为.in which I lived with my grandparents in the country. 例2中从句前有名词，但根据句意可知并不是从句所修饰的对象，也不能用“介词+ which”来替代。 二、判断关系代词与关系副词方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： 1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. 3. This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year. 4. Ill never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside. （错）（错）（对）（对）习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 例1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days ago? A. whereB. that C. on which D. the one 例2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was held. A. whereB. that C. on whichD. the one 答案：例1 D，例2 A。例1变为肯定句： This museum is _ you visited a few days ago. 例2变为肯定句： This is the museum _ the exhibition was held. 在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）。练习: 1. I began to work in the year _I graduated. A. when B. that C. which D. where 2. My grandpa sowe播(种) the flower seeds in the garden _ it was the best time for them to grow.A. where B. when C. that D. until 3. Could you tell us _?A. when you will send the fridge to our house B. when will you send the fridge to our houseC. when you would send the fridge to our house D. when would you send the fridge to our house 4. We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.A. which B. that C. whoseD. when5. _ was 1998 _ I graduated from the university.A. It;when B. It;that C. That;when D. That;that 6. Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party(中国共产党) was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 7. My grandpa sowed the flower seeds in the garden _ it was the best time for them to grow.A.where B.when C.that D.until 8. That is the day _Ill never forget. A. on which B. which C. in which D. when 9. “It gives me great joy and I feel more pressure than I did _ I won in China,” Ding Junhui said.A. that B. when C. which D. how 10. I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together. A. on which; when B. which; when C. what; that D. when; which 答案解析: 1. 解析：关系副词when引导定语从句，在句中作时间状语。答案：A。2. 解析：考查状语从句与定语从句的辨析。主句已经包含有主、谓、宾和地点状语，when连接时间状语从句，其他选项不合题意。答案：B。3. 解析：tell后接宾语从句。宾语从句部分谈及未来的事情，所以应该用一般将来时、陈述句词序。答案：A。4. 解析：这是定语从句，先行词是age，表示时间，所以要用when。答案：D。5. 解析：1980前面没有介词，所以第一个空应选It，指时间；第二个空应选when，引导时间状语从句。注意该题不是强调句型，如果看作强调句型，去掉It was和that后，句子应成立。如果1980前面有in，则是强调句型，强调时间状语in 1980。答案：A。6. 解析：when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。答案：C。7. 解析：本题考查地点状语从句。题意是“那位著名科学家是在出生地长大的，1930年来到上海的”。关系副词wherever相当于no matter where，通常引导让步状语从句。答案：C。 8. 解析：