高考英语考前必看考点.doc

高考英语考前必看考点shall 表命令、警告、允诺、威胁及法律/规章规定You shall have the book tomorrow.If you park your car here, youll be finedshould1）表惊讶,竟然”Im surprised that he should have failed the exam.2）“万一”If the teacher should find it, you would be in toruble.will表意志/意愿、临时决定及习惯（惯于，总是）You may take it away if you will.（愿意）Have you informed Tom to attend the party?Oh，I forget. I will ring him now.（临时决定）be about to do 马上或正要做马上，除when外，不与其他时间连用 （be about to do sth when.正在这时） be to do 主观意愿决定要做某事 be going to do 计划、安排或推测天气 The clouds are gathering,its going to rain. will do 1) 将要做 2）临时决定要做某事need / dare not do (dare/need为情态动词） dont need /dare to do (dare/need 为实意动词used to do sth-否定 usent to do sth或didnt use to do sth would do sth-否定 wouldnt do sth (过去常做某事，现在仍有可能还做）. no use(useless)/senseless/good/a waste of time+doing sthTheres no need +to do sthTheres no need to argue with him about it.It is not +时间+before.+现在时；It was not+时间+before.+过去时abit/little均可表程度eg: a little /a bit tired 有点累了a bit of +名词a little+名词 （注意没of)eg: a little water; a bit of water not a little=very much eg: I like it not a lillte=I like it very much. not a bit=not at alleg: I dont like it a bit.=I dont like it at all.eg: I like it not a little=I like it very much.I dont like it a bit=I dont like it at all.表示“值得.” be (well) worth sth/doing sth be worthy to be done/ of being done/of sth be worthwhile doing sth/to do sthIt is worth ones while to do stheg: The work is worth our whilea worthwhile taskbe supposed to do sht 按理应该/应当. Supposing/Suppose that. 假设.tend to do sth 倾向于做某事，易于做某事intend to do/doing sth 打算做某事be intended for 为准备的，打算给用的eg. These books are intended for children.custom 主要指“社会习俗”，其后可跟to do sth habit 主要指“个人习惯” ， 其后跟of doing sth后跟doing 句型Its/Theres no use/useless/no point(没必要）no good /senseless(没意义)a waste of time+doing sthThere is no need to do sth没必要做某事scores of . (right) two score of . (right) two scores of . (wrong)dozens of. (right) two dozen of.(right) two dozen of.(wrong)advise-advice advise doiing sth(R) advise sb (not) to do sth (R) advise to do sth (W) advise sb into/out off doing sth (R) .advise that .(should ) do.虚拟suggest-suggestion suggest doing (R) suggest sb against doing sth (R) suggest sb to do sth (W) .suggest that.(should ) do.虚拟suggest 若表说明”或“暗示”之意时，不用虚拟冒险作某事：risk doing sth (right) ; risk to do sth (wrong) ; take a risk to do sth (right)because 表直接原因，可回答why? ;since 表显然或已知的理由，多译为: 既然。eg: Since every one is here, lets start.as用于说明原因 eg: As it was late, I went home directly.for 表附加或推断的理由，不位于句首，其前有逗号。eg: He must be ill, for he is absent today.表“再.也不过分”1）can not.too+adj/adv+enough 2）can never .too+adj/adv 3) can hardly.too +adj/adveg: You can not be too careful enough when cross the street.not+ 比较级+than 表示该比较级相反的意义He is not richer than I=He is as poor as I （表明两人都不富有）但，He is not richer than I. 仅表“他不比我富有”，也许两人都挺富有。no more than=only I have no more than five dollars. 我只有5美元not more than=less than I have not more than five dollars. 我有不到5美元。too much 修饰不可数名词，“太多”之意，是数量上的概念 much too 后跟形容词或副词，“太.”的意思，表程度eg: too much water ; much too heavywait for .等待., 等候. wait on sb 服侍/伺候/招待某人see (to it ) that.务必Seetoitthatyou are here punctually tomorrow 明天你务必要准时到这里by and by 不久 Shes already got her air ticket and will go abroad by and by.smart clothes 漂亮/时髦的衣服heavyIf the traffic hadnt been so heavy, I would have been back by 6 oclock.Hes a heavy smoker; he smokes heavily.It rained heavily last night.They had a chat over a cup of coffee. (over: 从事.之际）Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. (本句型：A is to B what C is to D 句意是A对于B就如同C对于D)The flat is equipped with modern conveniences.( modern conveniceces现代化设备）-Dont forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow. -_B_. A. I dont B. I wont C. I cant D. I havent (祈使句否定答语用 I wont; 肯定答语用 I will)doubt 若在肯定句中其后用whether/if；若否定或问句则用thatI dont doubt that the nwes is true.I doubt whether the news is true.by the metre=in metres 按米（卖）若为具体计量单位，by后有冠词the，若为笼统非具体单位则不用冠词the.如：by the kilo 按公斤；by weight 按重量向.提供.supply sb/unit(单位）with sth=supply sth to .provide sth for sb=provide sb wiith sthoffer sb sth=offer sth to sb.It is (high) time +从句(虚拟语气）1）（should) do 将来虚拟 1）过去式（现在虚拟）eg: Its time we went to bed.It is/will be the first/second time +现在完成时It was the first /second time+过去完成时eg: It is /will be the third time Ive been to Britian.It was the first time I had tasted that kind of fish.happen偶然发生take place非偶然/必然发生occur意想不到发生（此时可与happen通用）come about (偶然或必然都有可能）break out 战争及灾害爆发。有时灾害袭击用hit或strike1）.happen to sb 某人发生某事 2）.occur to sb 某人突然想起. 3） happen to do/be 和It happened that. 碰巧，恰好4）the clock struck 12 时钟敲响12下gain ：ones watch gains time/five minutes. 表示手表走得快/快5分钟。其反义词为lose (lose time/five minutes)have no time to lose 时间不容耽搁power failure 停电up to 1) up to ones death (直到.时候）2）up to six hours 多/长达6小时3） up to sb 由某人决定某事 eg: -When and where shall we meet? - Its up to you.4) What are you two up to there? 你俩在那里干什么呢？（多指不好的事，坏事）be well worth sth/doing sth 很值得. be well content (with.) 很满意均不用very修饰，而是用well.affair 经济、文化、外交方面的事务（常用复数） matter 1)客观存在的事务 2）物质 business 商业事务或个人事务 Its none of your business (不关你的事）base 指“具体意义或实物之基础”eg: the base of the building.basis 是抽象的“基础”eg: the basis of the theory 理论基础foundation 1）实物或理论之坚实“基础”eg: the foundation(s) of the building2) 建立，成立 eg: the foundation of China 2) China was founded in 1949.considerate adj 体谅的，体贴的，会照顾的considerable adj. 值得考虑的；相当大/多的Children vary considerably in the rate at which they learn these lessons.孩子们学习这些课的速度差别相当大。like it 喜欢；stick it out 坚持到底 ；make it easy 别紧张；thats it 就这样；just as sb put it 正如某人所说superior to. 比.更优，胜过 ；superior than. (错误）see to it 处理某事 eg:Illspeaktothemanagerand hellseetoitright away.我会告诉经理的， 他会马上处理此事see to it that 务必 eg: Will you see to it that this letter get mailed today? 请务必今天把这封信寄出去，好吗?electric 以电为动力的 an electric fan electrical 与电有关的 an electrical engineer. 电力工程师anyting but . 绝不 ；nothing but 只（有），仅仅excuse 和sorry 后可以跟but表示转折hope不跟复合宾语，wish可以。hope sb to do sth (wrong); wish sb to do sth (right) 但hope to do sth(right) ;wish to do sth（right)hope 后从句不用虚拟，wish后从句要用虚拟语气。light-lit-lit 或lighted-lighted 注意：作定语时，只用lighted 形式 eg: the lighted candleremain 指1）别人已离去而自己仍留在原处 2）保持原状态 eg: 1).remained there after others left for home. 2) remain fresh.stay 指停留、逗留或短暂居住 eg: 1. to stay there for the weekend表保持原状态两者可通用 stay /remain quiet/warm/coldmatch 搭配/匹配 ；匹敌The suit and shoes matches well. The suit doesnt match the shoesFew people can match him in this field.suit: 颜色、款式适合某人；时间、口味或情况适合eg: 1)suit al tastes 2) -What about meeting at the entrance at 8 oclokd?-That suit me fine.fit 1)大小合适 2）be fit for适合于. 3） be fit to do sth 适合做某事include考点He suggests including ecological materials(环保材料） such as sod(草皮），grass,and living brnches in the housing desin.suggest doing 建议做某事Our tour party included (作谓语）several retired couples.There were twelve of us, including Tom and me.There were twelve of us ,Tom and me included.The book contains (内有) five maps, in cluding a map of China./ a map of China included.The reason why.is that.句型The reason (why he did so) is that he wanted to make the truth clear.(why引导定语从句并作状语，表原因）The reason (that he explained) is not what I expected. (that引导定语从句，并作宾语）The reason is that we cant do it without permision. (that引导表语从句）She is said /reported to have done sth.(常跟不定式完成式）attach much importantance to sth 非常重视.的重要性promise to be a film star/a top student 有望成为影星/尖子生as sb often puts it. 正如某人经常所说I couldnt agree more 我完全同意/再同意不过了may/might as well 还是.好；不妨. You may/minght as well go with us. Its no good waiting for the bus, we might as well walk.might well: 很可能 eg: You might well find that youll need more by the weekend. 周末你很可能会发现将需要更多。help 有用Good ehavior helps greatly=is of great help. 好的行为有用work 运转；起作用，有效eg: The machine doesnt work (well) Will the method work?这个方法管用/起作用吗？ At last, the medicine work.末了，药管事了。majority大多数，minority 少数/少数民族get through 穿越；做完，完成； 打通电话；度过艰难日子/岁月get away with 侥幸逃脱，做坏事不受惩罚get across 通过；被理解break up 打碎；破裂（婚姻或关系、谈判）；驱散（人群）；集会结束bring 教育；抚养；呕吐 eg: .brougt up what he had had.build up 1)建立 eg: to build up a relationship 2) 增进（强） 身体（体力） eg: to build up ones strengthpull up 1）使车停住 2）拔出pull out 1) 车出站 2） 拔出draw a lesson from 从.得到或汲取教训nowhere near enough 远远不够agree with sb 1) 同意某人 2） 气候，食物等 适合某人 eg: The climate /food here doesnt agree some of us.on condition that 如果，在.条件下 see to it 保证 make it a hit 大获成功 ones cup of tea 某人拿手的a piece of cake 小菜一碟 A sound mind is in a sound body 身心健康sth be on sb 穿在身上 sb be in sth 穿着.衣服a newspaper stand 报纸摊that much=so muchas good as 1) 和.一样好 2） 几乎，实际上Butnotasgoodasyoumightthink.但事实可能没你想的那么好。deal with sth 处理模式 deal with sb 对付某人 deal 成交，交易 a bargian (n)便宜货 bargain (v)讨价还价population和number 用large或small 表示其多于少，不用many及few A large number of the Ss have passed the exam.eg: Whats the population of sp? Sp has a population of . 或 The population of sp is .（但表示部分人口时用复数谓语）eg: 50% of the population are from the countryside.pick up 1)捡起 2）(用车）接人 3）非特意而学会 . picked up some slangs while staying with the local people.4) 收听节目 to pick up VOA/BBC 5）增加速度 We picked up speed as we went downhill.（下山时我们的速度加快了。）6）恢复（健康）This tonic should pick you up .这种补药会增强你的体质。 7）偶然发现或得到She picks up a lot of imformation.她偶然得到许多信息the first time +时间状语从句（用完成时态）；for the first time介词短语，不引导从句 1一 月二 月三 月产品名称数量金额利润产品名称数量金额利润产品名称数量金额利润合 计合 计合 计四 月五 月六 月产品名称数量金额利润产品名称数量金额利润产品名称数量金额利润合 计合 计合 计下午13：0017：00B实行不定时工作制的员工，在保证完成甲方工作任务情况下，经公司同意,可自行安排工作和休息时间。312打卡制度公司实行上、下班指纹录入打卡制度。全体员工都必须自觉遵守工作时间，实行不定时工作制的员工不必打卡。打卡次数：一日两次，即早上上班打卡一次，下午下班打卡一次。打卡时间：打卡时间为上班到岗时间和下班离岗时间； 因公外出不能打卡：因公外出不能打卡应填写外勤登记表,注明外出日期、事由、外勤起止时间。因公外出需事先申请，如因特殊情况不能事先申请，应在事毕到岗当日完成申请、审批手续，否则按旷工处理。因停电、卡钟（工卡）故障未打卡的员工，上班前、下班后要及时到部门考勤员处填写未打卡补签申请表，由直接主管签字证明当日的出勤状况，报部门经理、人力资源部批准后，月底由部门考勤员据此上报考勤。上述情况考勤由各部门或分公司和项目文员协助人力资源部进行管理。手工考勤制度手工考勤制申请：由于工作性质，员工无法正常打卡（如外围人员、出差），可由各部门提出人员名单，经主管副总批准后，报人力资源部审批备案。参与手工考勤的员工，需由其主管部门的部门考勤员(文员)或部门指定人员进行考勤管理，并于每月26日前向人力资源部递交考勤报表。参与手工考勤的员工如有请假情况发生，应遵守相关请、休假制度，如实填报相关表单。 外派员工在外派工作期间的考勤,需在外派公司打卡记录;如遇中途出差,持出差证明,出差期间的考勤在出差地所在公司打卡记录;3.2加班管理3.2.1定义加班是指员工在节假日或公司规定的休息日仍照常工作的情况。A现场管理人员和劳务人员的加班应严格控制，各部门应按月工时标准，合理安排工作班次。部门经理要严格审批员工排班表，保证员工有效工时达到要求。凡是达到月工时标准的，应扣减员工本人的存休或工资；对超出月工时标准的，应说明理由，报主管副总和人力资源部审批。 B因员工月薪工资中的补贴已包括延时工作补贴，所以延时工作在4小时（不含）以下的，不再另计加班工资。因工作需要，一般员工延时工作4小时至8小时可申报加班半天，超过8小时可申报加班1天。对主管(含)以上管理人员，一般情况下延时工作不计加班，因特殊情况经总经理以上领导批准的延时工作，可按以上标准计加班。员工加班应提前申请，事先填写加班申请表，因无法确定加班工时的，应在本次加班完成后3个工作日内补填加班申请表。加班申请表经部门经理同意，主管副总经理审核报总经理批准后有效。加班申请表必须事前当月内上报有效，如遇特殊情况，也必须在一周内上报至总经理批准。如未履行上述程序，视为乙方自愿加班。员工加班，也应按规定打卡，没有打卡记录的加班，公司不予承认；有打卡记录但无公司总经理批准的加班，公司不予承认加班。原则上，参加公司组织的各种培训、集体活动不计加班。加班工资的补偿：员工在排班休息日的加班，可以以倒休形式安排补休。原则上，员工加班以倒休形式补休的，公司将根据工作需要统一安排在春节前后补休。加班可按1：1的比例冲抵病、事假。3.2.3加班的申请、审批、确认流程加班申请表在各部门文员处领取，加班统计周期为上月26日至本月25日。员工加班也要按规定打卡，没有打卡记录的加班，公司不予承认。各部门的考勤员(文员)负责加班申请表的保管及加班申报。员工加班应提前申请，事先填写加班申请表加班前到部门考勤员(文员)处领取加班申请表，加班申请表经项目管理中心或部门经理同意，主管副总审核，总经理签字批准后有效。填写并履行完审批手续后交由部门考勤员(文员)保管。部门考勤员（文员）负责检查、复核确认考勤记录的真实有效性并在每月27日汇总交人力资源部，逾期未交的加班记录公司不予承认。下午13：0017：00度。全体员工都必须自觉遵守工作时间，实行不定时工作制的员工不必打卡。打卡次数：一日两次，即早上上班打卡一次，下午下班打卡一次。打卡时间：打卡时间为上班到岗时间和下班离岗时间； 因公外出不能打卡：因公外出不能打卡应填写外勤登记表,注明外出日期、事由、外勤起止时间。因公外出需事先申请，如因特殊情况不能事先申请，应在事毕到岗当日完成申请、审批手续，否则按旷工处理。因停电、卡钟（工卡）故障未打卡的员工，上班前、下班后要及时到部门考勤员处填写未打卡补签申请表，由直接主管签字证明当日的出勤状况，报部门经理、人力资源部批准后，月底由部门考勤员据此上报考勤。上述情