高考英语名词性从句讲解(最全版)ppt课件

英语名词性从句 NounClause Review 英语句子的种类有两种 按句子的用途可分为陈述 疑问 祈使和感叹句四种 而按句子的结构可分三种 简单句并列句3 复合句 主语 谓语主语 谓语 宾语主语 系动词 表语主语 谓语 间宾 直宾主语 谓语 宾语 宾补 简单句 并列连词 简单句 主句 引导词 从句 1 HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning 2 Youhelphimandhehelpsyou 3 Mysuggestionisthatweshouldstudystepbystep 4 BothTomandMikeareAmericanboys 5 Hesaidthathehasknownallbefore 请判断下列句子是简单句 并列句还是复合句 简单句 并列句 复合句 简单句 复合句 复合句 定语从句名词性从句状语从句 复合句 主句 引导词 从句 起名词性作用的从句 叫名词性从句 换言之 在英语的句子结构中 本来该由名词充当的主语 宾语 表语和同位语部分 换由一个句子来充当 这样的句子就是名词性从句 请思考 定语从句的定义 起定语作用 用来修饰名词或代词的从句 名词性从句定义 RelatedConception 相关概念 1 名词 表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词 2 名词在句子作什么成分 名词在句中主要作主语 宾语 表语和同位语 TheboyisLiMing 主语 表语 Miss Liang a24 year oldgirl teachesusEnglish 主语 同位语 宾语 1 TheboyisLiMing 2 Whathesaidiscorrect 名词作主语 从句作主语 1 在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句 用it作形式主语的主语从句 如果主语从句太长 为了避免句子结构头重脚轻 可以用it作形式主语 而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后 Itisapitythatyoudidn tgotoseethefilmyesterday ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman madesatelliteintoorbit Itdose tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot 3 Welovepeace 4 Hesaidthathehasknownallbefore 名词作宾语 从句作宾语 2 在句中充当及物动词或介词或be adj 后宾语的从句叫做宾语从句 Wealwaysmeanwhatwesay 我们向来说话算数 Hegoestothelibraryeverydayexceptwhenitisraining Heisconfidentthathewillwin 作动词的宾语 作介词的宾语 作形容词的宾语 某些表示心理状态的形容词在句中作表语时 后面可跟宾语从句 It作形式宾语 it不仅可以作形式主语 还可以作形式宾语 而把作真正宾语的that从句放在句尾 特别是用在带复合宾语的句子中 Ithinkitquiteclearthathepreferredcoffeetotea Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldseekforasolutiontotheproblem 在口语或非正式文体中 引导宾语从句的连词that常可省略 但形式宾语it后面的that不能省略 5 Youareastudent 6 Thefactisthatsheneverknewthesecret 名词作表语 从句作表语 3 在句中充当表语的从句 即放在be动词后面 叫做表语从句 注意 Thereasonforhisabsencewasthathewasillinhospital 其他从属连词引导的表语从句because as asif asthough等也可用来引导表语从句 Thingsarenotastheyseemtobe 事情并不是像它们表面上看起来那样 Ithinkitisbecauseyouaretooserious Hefeltasthoughhehadgonebackto20yearsago 7 Miss Liang a24 year oldgirl teachesusEnglish 8 Thenewsthatourteamhadwonmadeushappy 名词作同位语 从句作同位语 4 在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句 其用途是对前面的名词作进一步解释 说明该名词的具体内容 可以跟同位语从句的名词通常是news idea fact word hope advice等 在英语的句子结构中 如果本该由名词充当的主语 宾语 表语和同位语 由一个句子来充当 那么这个句子就叫 主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句 名词性从句 名词性从句 请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句 WhatIwanttodoistogoshopping 2 Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool 3 Idon tthinkthatheisanhonestboy 4 Thefactisthathestolethecar 判断从句的方法 一找引导词划从句二找谓语动词三看从句在主句的位置 主语从句 同位语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 5 Theproblemiswhatweshoulddonext 6 Thenewsthathecouldn tcomemakesusupset 7 Ourpurposeisthathecanrealizehisfaults 8 Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar 请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句 表语从句 同位语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 试区分以下句子 Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar Doyouknowthefactthattheyweretalkingabout 注意 1 定语从句 从句是不完整的 关系词充当成分 而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用 2 定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用 而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容 同从 定从 一 同位语从句与定语从句的相似之处 1 都跟在名词后 2 都可以翻译成 的 Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞 Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging 你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞 同位语从句 定语从句 二 同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处 1 含义不同 同位语从句是对前面名词的解释说明 知道具体内容 指同一件事 可以划等号 定语从句用来修饰 限定前面的名词 不知道具体内容 e g Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging 从句说明 消息 的内容 我们队取得了决赛胜利 Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging 从句对 消息 加以限定 是你告诉我们的 而非来自其他渠道 但消息是何内容却不得而知 二 同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处 2 引导词区别 同位语从句中 that 无成分 用于肯定句 定语从句的that是关系代词 既指代先行词又须在从句中充当成分 e g DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest 2 Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren that指代promise 又在从句中充当主语 that不充当任何成分 I Tellthefunctionoftheclausesinthefollowingsentences说出下列从句的功能 A Appositive 同位语 B Attributive 定语 Hisproposalthatwegothereonfootisacceptable Manyteachersholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline 3 Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom 4 Doyouhaveanyideawherewewillbesent 5 Isthisthecompanywhereyourfatherworks 6 Thisisthereasonthathegaveforhisabsence 7 Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway B B B 连接副词 4个 when why where how 引导词 从属连词 3个 that if whether 连接代词 9个 who whom what which whose whoeverwhomever whatever whichever 名词性从句引导词的用法 1 从句中的每一个引导词都有3个功能 分别如下 从属连词 that 无词义 不作成份 起连接作用 if 是否 不作成份 起连接作用 whether 是否 不作成份 起连接作用 1 Thatwewillrealizeourdreamsinthefutureiscertain 2 ThefactisthatBeijingwillhold29thOlympicGamesthisyear 3 Iknowthatwellbegunishalfdone 4 HeheardthenewsthatLiuxiangsetanewworldrecord that 无词义 不作成份 起连接作用 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 1 Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather 2 Theproblemiswhetheryoucouldgiveussomevaluableadvice 3 Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor 4 CouldyoutellmethequestionwhetherEnglishisusefulforusnow whether 是否 不作成份 起连接作用 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 If只能引导两种名词性从句 宾语从句 不放于句首的主语从句 Whether四种从句均可以引导 If与whether的区别 1 Whethershewillcomebackontimedependsonweather 2 Iaskedhimwhetherhecoulddomeafavor 请思考 1 Itdependsonweatherifshewillcomebackontime 2 Iaskedhimifhecoulddomeafavor 1 If只能引导两种名词性从句 宾语从句 不放于句首的主语从句 Whether四种从句均可以引导 2 whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语 不用if 3 whetherornot连在一起可以 但if不可以 而 whether ornot if ornot If与whether的区别 1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 3 We reworriedabout heissafe 4 Idon tknow heiswellornot 5 Idon tknow ornotheiswell 6 Thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon if whether Whether whether whether if whether whether 请用if whether填空 whether 连接代词 名词性从句引导词的用法 2 who 谁 作主语 起连接作用 whom 谁 作宾语 起连接作用 what 事情 作主表宾 起连接作用 whose 谁的 作定语 起连接作用 which 哪 作定语 起连接作用 who 谁 作主语 起连接作用 1 Whowillgotothecollegeisstilluncertain 2 Thetroubleiswhocouldlendmesomemoney 3 Hewanttoknowwhopickeduphismobilephone 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 1 Whomyouwilllearnfromisworththinkingover 2 ThethingIamanxiousaboutiswhomhewillturntoforhelp 3 Hismotheraskedhimwhomhecouldbelievein whom 谁 作宾语 起连接作用 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 1 WhatIdesiretogetisagoodreputation 2 WhathewilltellmeiswhatIhavebeenexpectingtoknow 3 TheyagreewithwhatIsaidjustnow what 事情 作主表宾语 起连接作用 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 1 Whichclassissuitableforusisn tmostimportant 2 Whathewantstoaskyounowiswhichteamwonthegame 3 Couldyoutellmewhichoneisright which 哪 作定语 起连接作用 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 1 Whosebagwasthemostbeautifulisstillunknownnow 2 Thequestioniswhosefriendscouldlendmeahand 3 Iwanttoknowwhosesuggestionismorepractical whose 谁的 作定语 起连接作用 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 名词性从句引导词的用法 3 连接代词 whomever 的任何人 作宾语 whoever 的任何人 作主语 whatever 的任何东西 作主表宾语 whichever 无论哪个或哪些 作定语 whoever 的任何人 作主语 起连接作用 1 Whoevercouldsolvetheproblemwillberewarded 2 ThepersonIwillpraiseiswhoevercouldworkoutthequestion 3 Youshouldappreciatewhoeverhelpedyouinthepast 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 whomever 的任何人 作宾语 起连接作用 1 Whomeveryouwillmeetinthemeetingisexcellent 2 ThepersonIcoulddependoniswhomeveryoubelievein 3 YoushouldlearnfromwhomeverIpraisedyesterday 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 1 Whateveryoudidinthepastwasverymeaningful 2 Whatweshoulddoiswhateverisworthdoing 3 Weshoulddowhateverisworthdoing whatever 的任何东西 作主表宾语 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 whichever 的哪些或哪个 作定语 1 Whicheverteamwinthegameispossible 2 ThefactiswhicheverteachercouldhelpyoulearnEnglishwell 3 Youcouldchoosewhicheverbookyouwant 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 名词性从句引导词的用法 4 连接副词 why 为什么 作状语 起连接作用 how 如何 作状语 起连接作用 where 什么地方 作状语 起连接作用 when 什么时候 作状语 起连接作用 when 什么时候 作状语 起连接作用 1 Whenthemeetingwillbeginisn tdecidednow 2 Thetroubleiswhenhecouldrecoverfromthedisease 3 Heaskeduswhenwewouldgraduatefromtheschool 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 where 什么地方 作状语 起连接作用 1 WhereIcouldbuythebookisuncertainnow 2 Hisquestionwaswherewewouldholdtheopeningceremony 3 Icouldn ttellyouwheretheyhavebeenliving 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 1 Whyhekilledhimselfisstillasecretnow 2 Whatsurprisedmewaswhytheyfailedagain 3 IjustwanttoaskyouwhyIwasfired why 为什么 作状语 起连接作用 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 1 Howthethiefstolethebikeisstillamystery 2 Whattheprofessoraskeduswashowwecouldmakeourparentshappy 3 IwillgotoaskmyteacherhowIcouldworkouttheproblem how 如何 作状语 起连接作用 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 用that what填空 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Theresultis wewonthegame 4 Thisis wewanttoknow 5 Is hetoldustrue 6 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 Ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon What That that what what what that what hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue A ThatB WhyC WhatD How 2 we llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather A IfB WhetherC ThatD Where 3 isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry theFirstWorld A Which belongtoB As belongedtoC What belongingtoD It belongingto 名词性从句练习50题 4 It sknowntousall aformofenergy A waterisB thatwaterisC iswaterD thatwaterto5 Itworriedherabit herhairwasturninggray AThatB whileC whatD when6 WhatIsayandthink noneofyourbusiness A isB areC hasDhave 7 madetheschoolproudwas morethan90 ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities A What becauseB What thatC That whatD That because8 shecouldn tunderstandwas fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons A What whyB That whatC What becauseD Why that 9 Heisabsentfromschool Itis hewaspunished A whyB becauseC thatD thereason 10 hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising A WhoB TheoneC AnyoneD Whoever11 Informationhasbeenputforward moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities A thatB howC whereD what 12 isnopossibility Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch A There thatB It thatC There whetherD It which 13 IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek Isthat youhadafewdaysoff A whyB whenC whatD where14 Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday sgame Oh that s A whatmakesmefeelexcitedB whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC howIfeelaboutitD whenIfeelexcited 15 fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect A WhatB ThatC ThisD Which16 Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview pleaserememberthegoldenrule Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly hewants A whatB whichC whenD that17 Wemadethesuggestionthathe hiswork A continuesB continueC continuedD hadcontinued 18 Therewillbeaspecialpricefor buysthingsinlargenumberhere A whoB whomC whoeverD Whomever19 Marywroteanarticleon theteamhadfailedtowinthegame whyB whatC whoD that 05 20 Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept helphecanget 05 A whicheverB howeverC whateverD whenever 21 Manynewspaperprintedthegovernor sstatement wouldsupportataxcut andheB wasthatheC whichheD thathe22 manmustfearwhentravelinginspaceisradiationfromthesun WhichB HowC WhatD That23 Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild heorshewants A HoweverB whateverC whicheverD whenever 24 Canyoumakesure thegoldrings A whereshehasputB wherehadsheputC whereshehadputD wherehassheput 25 Thereasonthathehasbeensucceeding henevergivesup A isB isbecauseC isthatD iswhat 26 breaksthelawshouldbepunished A WhoeverB NomatterwhoC anyone D who 27 Thatis Ihadtotaketheriskofbeingwashedaway A whyB reasonwhyC howD what28 Do youthinkisright difficultiesyoumayhave A what howeverB that whateverC whatever whoeverD what whatever29 Theworkersconsidereditimportant thebosswouldagreetogivethemarise A whetherB howC whereD which 30 Alongwiththeletterwashispromise hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas A whichB thatC whatD whether 31 Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal andthisis Idisagree A whyB whereC whatD how 32 Difficultylies wehavenomoney A thatB inthatC inthefactD inthefactthat 33 Idon tthinkthequestionof theyareoldoryoungisimportant A whichB whetherC howD why 34 Itmakesnodifference youwillgotodayortomorrow A ifB whetherC thatD what35 shouldbesenttoworkthere A WhodoyousuggestB WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC DoyousuggestwhoshouldD Doyousuggestwhomshould 36 Thenews LincolnwasmurderedfilledtheAmericanpeople sheartswithdeepsorrow A whichB whenC thatD how37 hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeveryonepresent A WhatB ThatC ThefactD Thematter38 Idon ttrusthispromise hewillbuymeanewcar A whichB whatC whenD that 39 Shereceivedthemessage hewouldcomebyplane A thatB whichC whatD when