未选之路-赏析

未选之路 赏析整理TheRoadNotTakenisapoembyRobertFrost,publishedin1916inthecollectionMountain . The poem consists of four stanzas. In the first stanza, the speaker describes his position. He has been out walking in the woods and comes to two roads, and he stands looking as far down each one as he can see. He would like to try out both, but doubts he could do that, so therefore he continues to look down the roads for a long time trying to make his decision about which road to take.摘要 罗伯特弗罗斯特是一名美国著名诗人，本诗未选择的路是他的一篇名作，诗中以作者面对森林中两条道路时的思想活动展开描写，引出了深刻的哲理面对人生的选择要慎重考虑，且无法回头。本诗语言朴实，全文通俗易懂，且采用传统的诗歌文体，读来朗朗上口，但意味深长。本文从诗歌的文体，作者，以及思想三个方面对此诗做了简略分析。 关键词: 道路， 选择， 通俗， 文体 The Road Not Taken is a famous poem written by the notable American poet Robert Frost. This poem is started from the psychological activity of the writer when he was facing the two roads in the forest, and then lead to a profound philosophypeople must keep cautious when facing choices, and could never come back.The Road Not Taken has 4 stanzas with 5 lines in each, while the form is the traditional 4 iambic feet. The rhyme scheme is abaab, which are wood, both, could, undergrowth; fair, claim, wear, there, same; lay, black, day, way, back; sigh, hence, I, by, difference. This lively rhythm gives reader the sense of following. This poem is from the world-famous poet, Robert Frost, who was born in San Franciso and got his whole-American glory in the 1990s. Frost was one of the most popular poets in America during his lifetime and was frequently called the countrys unofficial poet laureate. He was farming in Derry, New Hampshire when, at the age of 38, he sold the farm, uprooted his family and moved to England, where he devoted himself to his poetry. There are 10 volumes of poems published by Frost in his whole life. This poem is belong to his third volume Moutain Interval(1916), and also one of my favorite poem. “Frost had rejected the revolutionary poetic principles of his contemporaries, choosing instead the old-fashioned way to be new.”(History and Anthology of American Literature: 167) He prefers to use the traditional forms of lyric and narrative, and the simple words to express a new and profound philosophy. As a poet of nature he had obvious affinities with romantic writers. He saw nature as a storehouse of analogy and symbol, but he had little faith in religious dogma or speculative thought. His concern with nature reflected deep moral uncertainties, and his poetry, for all its apparent simplicity, often probes mysteries of darkness and irrationality in the bleak and chaotic landscapes of an indifferent universe where men stand alone, unaided and perplexed. In Frosts poetry, there are various metaphorical objects, such as natural scenery, phenomenon, animals and flowers in nature, others are closely associated with life, farm tools, food, womens beauty, human body, religion and mythology, etc. All these reflect the poets love for nature and life, his sad experience in life and the influence religion exerted upon western peoples daily life. This poem is a typical example. In this poem, Frost reviewed his trouble in his life, which is two different ways of life. Once he was facing two different roads, one is fair while the another one is grassy. He stood and thought for a long time. “And sorry I could not travel both, and be one traveler; long I stood and looked down one as far as I could to where it bent in the undergrowth.” He was confused which one to take. Because the curiosity leads him to look forward both, and he thought he could take one first then another one later. “Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.” But finally, the fact led a deep philosophy, which made him feel remorse for his original choice. “I took the one less traveled by, and that has made all the difference.” In conclusion, this poem announced itself to be about important issues in life: about the nature of choice, of decision, of how to go in one direction rather than another and how to feel about the direction you took and didnt take. Although the symbols are only two very common roads in the nature, his poem still give readers profound affects. Not only facing the roads of forest, but also the troubles in anytime and anyplace of peoples life, the choice is the most common thing but also the most difficulty trouble in everyones daily life. Every decision will lead a totally different result. Poet used a very vivid way to announce this fact.未选择的路是美国诗人罗伯特.弗罗斯特的著名诗篇。罗伯特弗罗斯特堪称美国20世纪最受欢迎的诗人之一，他一生致力于诗歌的创作，写作并出版了10部诗集。罗伯特弗罗斯特(1874-1963)出生于旧金山一个教师家庭，在美国西部度过童年。中学毕业后，他在哈佛大学学习两年后肄业，这前后曾做过纺织工人、教员，经营过农场，并徒步漫游过许多地方，同时他也开始写诗，但他的诗歌最初并未在美国引起注意。1912年时弗罗斯特已经38岁，这一年他作出了一个重要的选择:放弃他在一所师范学校教书的职业，放弃本来可能更加平坦、安稳的生活，而选择了诗歌。他对自己说:“写诗吧，穷就穷吧。”夫妻二人商量后，决定到异地去闯一条路，找一个生活水平比较低，但更利于写诗的环境。于是他们卖掉了祖父遗传下来的农场，再加上几年教书所得的一点积蓄，就这样他们来到大海对岸的英国，在离伦敦不远的一个村子里找到了一座木板茅屋的新家。不久之后，他的第一本诗集孩子的意愿出版了，很快就以其特有的朴素坦率和真诚赢得了诗人们的好评。美国著名诗人庞德特别撰文推荐，说它是美国很长一段时间以来最好的一本诗集。1915年弗罗斯特回到美国，在新罕布什尔州经营农场。此后他的诗名日盛，分别于1924,1931,1937,1943年四次获得普利策奖，并在几所著名的大学中任教师、驻校诗人与诗歌顾问。晚年的他已是美国的一个非官方的桂冠诗人。弗罗斯特的诗往往从描写新英格兰的自然景色或风俗人情开始，渐渐进入哲理的境界，他素有“新英格兰诗人”之称。这与他诗中大量描写新英格兰的自然景色或风俗人情有关。波士顿以北多岩石的牧场，殖民地时代的建筑，耐人寻味的石头围墙，以及那里居民粗犷的感情、耕耘生活的艰辛等等，都成为诗人作品取之不尽的素材。他的诗把新英格兰的风貌和当地人的特征一览无余地展现在了读者面前，可以说新英格兰乡间生活的各个侧面，弗罗斯特都写到了。但弗罗斯特并未沉洒于描绘美丽山川和旖旎景色，他的诗虽然保持了一些传统的形式和格律，气氛也较轻快，但弗罗斯特认识到了生活的复杂性，他通过自然来表达一种象征意义，而不是什么田园式的思乡情调。在他的笔下，生活既悲惨又快活，既有美也有丑，杂乱之中又寓有统一。他善于透过现实中的现象深入浅出地说明深刻的哲理，而这些又与新英格兰的风景描绘结合在一起。他试图在新英格兰寻觅到现代美国业已失去的鲜明色调和激清、纯真，使之成为检验和评论现代文明城市的标准，弗罗斯特的杰出贡献之一正在于此。弗罗斯特也常被称为“过渡性的诗人”，意指他处在传统诗歌和现代派诗歌交替的一个时期。弗罗斯特的诗歌备受喜爱，原因之一是他的诗风朴实无华，未受过多少学校教育的人都看得懂。当许多诗人热衷于搞诗歌试验时，他却坚持使用日常语言，描写自己观察入微的日常事件，并从中发掘出独特的智慧和哲理，描写上则细致含蓄、耐人寻味，能让人常读常新。未选择的路是弗罗斯特的一首名诗，作于1915年，最初收录于他的第三本诗集山间(1916)中。在这首诗中，他把思想情感和富有象征的意象揉合起来，阐明了他对于人生、社会和宇宙的态度。弗罗斯特在诗歌风格上的一个最大特点是朴素无华，含义隽永，把深刻的思考和哲理寓于平淡无奇的内容和简洁朴实的诗句之中。本诗堪称是这方面的典范，其语言质朴自然，但在构思上却非常巧妙。全诗一共4节，可分为两层。第1-2节为第一层:第1节交代了树林里有两条道路，其中的一条极目望去，消失在丛林深处，诗人处在岔路口，面临着抉择；第2节诗人叙写自己选择了另一条路，它“荒草萎萎，十分幽寂”，但诗人认为它“显得更诱人，更美丽”。在这里我们可以看到“我”的双重矛盾，第一重矛盾是不能同时涉足两条路。这一重矛盾中诗人描述了“我”站在岔路口，为不能同时涉足两条路而感到的遗憾一条路平坦通畅，极目可望见它的尽头；而另一条路幽寂荒凉，充满着引人探索的诱惑。第二重矛盾是在明了了不能同时涉足两条路之后，究竟选择哪一条路的问题。在经历了复杂的心理过程之后，“我”终于选择了那条人迹更少的路，想让另一条路留待后日去走，可这显然是作者做出抉择后的一种自我安慰，因为“我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返”。但诗人选择了人迹罕至的路并不是草率决定的，虽然他知道另一条路可能平坦通畅，可他仍然选择了那条幽寂荒凉的路。如果我们联系到诗人自己在写诗与在师范学校教书之间的选择，或许能更深入地理解这首诗。如果说在师范学校教书是一条平坦通畅的生活道路，那么写诗的道路则可以说充满了幽寂荒凉。但在这两种生活中，诗人最终选择了后者，虽然在蓦然回首时，他有时也会想到如果去走前一条路会是怎样，这也是人之常情，也是我们在人生的岔路口都会遇到的困惑。在第三节中，诗人交代尽管“我”对另一条路也是留恋的，但却宁愿走一条别人很少走的路。这表明了“我”不愿随俗的心迹，沿着选定的路走下去的决心。但从中我们也可以看到此处流露出了一些踌躇，一丝矛盾，可这并非担心自己的选择是一个错误，而是对人只能选择一条路而感到的遗憾。他认识到选择使自己失去了另外的可能性，而那边的风景或许也很迷人，有另外的不为自己所知的乐趣。接下来的第四节，“我”遥想到未来或许会回首往事，或许会意识到此时路的选择决定了一生的命运。这里，诗人将全诗的思绪