高二英语-unit1-语法-新人教版必修5ppt课件

Thisisapollutedriver Theriverispolluted 过去分词作表语 过去分词作定语 Thevillageisflooded Itisafloodedvillage Grammar 一 过去分词作定语1 单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义 常作前置定语 eg ausedstamp一枚用过的邮票aninjuredfinger一个受伤的手指alightedcandle一支点燃的蜡烛注意 过去分词作定语时 有时只有被动意义 e g spokenEnglish英语口语writtenexercises书面练习 少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义fallenleaves落叶therisensun升起来的太阳thedevelopedcountries发达国家aretiredteacher一名退休教师 2 过去分词短语作后置定语 表示被动和 或完成意义 e g Ilikewearingclothesmadeofthiskindofcloth 我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服 e g ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopular 鲁迅写的书很受欢迎 abrokenheartanorganizedtrip aheartwhichisbroken atripwhichisorganized 3 过去分词作前置定语还是后置定语 都可转换为一个对应的定语从句 thegirldressedinwhite thegirlwhoisdressedinwhite thebookwrittenbyLuxun thebookwhichiswrittenbyLuxun 4 过去分词修饰something everything anything nothing somebody nobody等不定代词或指示代词those时 要放在这些词的后面 Heisoneofthoseinvited Nothingreportedinthenewspaperwillinteresthim Isthereanythingunsolved Hevisitedthebridgebuiltlastyear Thebridgetobebuiltnextyearwillbeverylarge Haveyounoticedthebridgebeingbuiltnow 5 动词的过去分词 不定式和动词 ing的被动形式在句中都可做定语 表达被动的含义 但时间意义上不同 二 过去分词作表语1 过去分词作表语 表示主语的特点或所处的状态 其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式 be get feel look seem remain become e g Everyonepresentisveryinspiredathisspeech 听了他的发言 在场的所有人都很振奋 Youseemfrightened 你似乎受了惊吓 Someproblemsstillremainedunsolved Practice Completethesentencesusingthepastparticipleasthepredicative 1 丢了钱他自责不已 He aboutlosingthemoney 2 你为什么总是看上很疲劳 这些日子睡得好吗 Whydoyoualways Doyousleepwellthesedays 3 我对昨晚看的电影很失望 我原以为它能好些 I thefilmIsawlastnight Ihadexpectedittobebetter gotblamed looksotired wasdisappointedwith 4 听说那位明星死了 人人都很惊讶 Everybody tohearthedeathofthefamousfilmstar 5 要去动物园了 孩子们非常兴奋 Thechildren goingtothezoo 6 他的伤口感染了一种新病毒 Hiswound anewvirus wasshocked arereallyexcitedabout becameinfectedwith 作表语的过去分词 被动意味很弱 主要表示动作的完成和状态 此时相当于一个形容词 被动语态的过去分词 动作意味很强 句子主语为动作的承受者 后常跟by短语 2 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 Theglassisbroken Ourclassroomiscrowded TheglasswasbrokenbyJack ThewindowswereclosedbyTomlastnight 现在分词与过去分词他们的区别 1 语态上 现在分词 表示主动的动作 过去分词 表示已经被动的动作 2 时间上 现在分词 表示正在进行的动作 过去分词 表示完成的意思 Iheardsomeoneopeningthedoor Iheardthedooropened thefallingleavesthefallenleaves boilingwaterboiledwater therisingsuntherisensun 3 现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的特征 特性 过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的心理感受或状态 Thenewsisexciting Wewereexcitedtohearit 总结过去分词和V ing形式的区别 表主动的 进行的 表特征 含有 令人 之意表被动的 完成的 表状态 含有 感到 之意 V ing形式 过去分词 amusing amused encouraging encouraged disappointing disappointed puzzling puzzled satisfying satisfied tiring tired pleasing pleased astonishing astonished等 英语中这样的分词还有很多 如 A Nobodywasinthestoryhetold B Thestoryhetoldwasvery interested interesting 2 A Everybodywastohearthenews B Thenewsisveryindeed excited exciting 3 A Theresultofthetestwasrather B Hewasveryattheresultofthetest disappointed disappointing 4 A Whathesaidwasvery B Iwasveryatthesight amused amusing Fillintheblankwithproperwords interested interesting excited exciting disappointing disappointed amusing amused 过去分词作定语和表语的区别 定语放在名词和代词的前面或后面表示动作已经完成或被动的表语放在be动词或系动词的后面说明主语的状态或构成被动语态 Sumup LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany as3M A knowingB knownC beingknownD tobeknown 高考链接 B 解析 答案B 此处考查过去分词作后置定语 3M与know之间是被动关系 故用过去分词表示被动 2 Thedisc digitally inthestudio soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight A recordedB recordingC toberecordedD havingrecorded 高考链接 A 解析 答案A 此处考查过去分词作后置定语 disc与record之间是被动关系 故用过去分词表示 3 Don tusewords expressions orphrases onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge A beingknownB havingbeenknownC tobeknownD known 高考链接 D 解析 答案D know与words expressions phrases构成动宾关系 故用过去分词表示被动 4 Theflowers sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature A tosmellB smellingC smeltD tobesmelt 高考链接 B 解析 答案B 此处为现在分词作定语 修饰flowers smell为系动词 不能用于被动语态 相当于which thatsmellssweet 2 ThegirlwhoisdressedinredisKelly slong lostfriend Thegirl isKelly slong lostfriend 练习一 句型转换 Athiefstolethegoatthatwastiredtothetree Athiefstolethegoat tothetree tired dressedinred 3 Thecastle whichwasburntdowninthesixteenthcentury wasneverrebuilt Thecastle wasneverrebuilt burntdowninthesixteenthcentury 4 Fatherbeatthesonwhowaslostintheonlinegames Fatherbeattheson intheonlinegames lost 5 Theproject whichwasdesignedbytheChineseengineers wasconstructedinonly2year Theproject wasconstructedinonly2year designedbythechineseengineers 练习二单句改错 Theywereallamusingatwhathesaid Hewasveryexcitingtohearthenewsthattheirteamhadwon Thesituationwasabitdiscouraged Twopagesinthisdictionaryaremissed Yourmotherisquiteworryingaboutyourstareofhealth Asisknowntousall travelingis butweoftenfeel whenwearebackfromtravels A interesting tiredB interested tiringC interesting tiringD interested tired A 练习三单选 2 Hearingthe news weallfelt A encouraging encouraging B encouraged encouragedC encouraged encouragingD encouraging encouraged D 3 Fromthedates onthegoldcoin itisconfirmedthatwasmadefivehundredyearsago A markingB markedC tobemarkedD havingbeenmarked B 4 The lookinherfacesuggestedthatshe itbefore surprising wouldn tknowsurprised hadn tknownsurprising hadn tknownsurprised shouldn tknow B 5 Thepicturewriting longlongagoishardforustounderstandtoday havingbeendrawnB beingdrawnC wasdrawnD drawn D 6 Theman thereismyuncle A seatB seatingC toseatD seated D 7 Thefirsttextbooks forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury A havingwrittenB tobewrittenC writtenD beingwritten C Practice 1 Pricesofdailygoods throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices A areboughtB boughtC beenboughtD buying 2 Withalotofdifferentproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime A settledB settlingC tosettleD beingsettled B C 3 Don tusewords expressionsorphrase onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge A beingknownB havingbeenknownC tobeknownD known 4 WhenIgotback Isawamessagetothedoor Sorrytomissyou Iwillcalllater A pin readB pinning readingC pinned readingD pinned read D C 5 AboyJackwonthegame AboyhimselfJackwonthegame A callingB called A 6 MostoftheartiststothepartywerefromSouthAfrica A invitedB toinviteC beinginvitedD ha