if非真实条件句中的虚拟语气.doc

在if非真实条件句中，若需要表示与现在或客观事实相反、与过去事实相反以及与将来事实可能相反的情况，要使用虚拟语气。虚拟语气的使用体现在主句和从句的谓语形式上。If从句中谓语的时态主句中谓语的时态表示与现在或客观事实相反一般过去时（did/ were）would（should，could，might）动词原形表示与过去事实相反过去完成时（haddone）would（should，could，might）have过去分词表示对将来情况的主观推测（可能相反或可能性很小）可用以下任何一种表达：1. 一般过去时（did/ were）2. should动词原形3. were to动词原形would（should, could，might）+动词原形If he were here, I would explain to him myself. 要是他在这里我就亲自向他解释了。If there were no water on the earth, there would be no life. 如果地球上没有水，就不会有生命。I wouldnt have believed it, if I hadnt seen it happen. 要不是亲眼目睹，我决不会相信有这种事。If I had seen him yesterday, I would have asked him for help. 如果我昨天看见他，我就向他求助了。 If we had time tomorrow, we would go with you. 如果我们明天有时间，我们就跟你去。（事实：有时间的可能性很小） If she were to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事得始末。（事实：去的可能性很小）1. If I _ where he lived， I _ a note to him. A. knew，would B. had known， would have sent C. know, would send D. knew， would have sent2. Mary is ill today. If she _， she _ absent from school. A. were not ill， wouldnt be B. had been ill， wouldnt have been C. had been ill， should have been D. hadnt been ill， could be3. If he_， he _ that food.- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately. A. was warned， would not take B. had been warned， would not have taken C. would be warned， had not taken D. would have been warned， had not taken4. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _，she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come5. If you had enough money， what _？ A. will you buy B. would you buy C. would you have bought D. will you have bought6.If I _ more time, I would have gone with him. A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have 7. If it _ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain 8. If it hadnt been for the fact that she _sing, I would have invited her to the party.A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not9. If Comrade Li _ the experiment tomorrow, he might read the instructions carefully. A. do B. could do C. is to do D. were to do10. What would have happened if you_ her child? A. hadnt helped B. couldnt help C. wouldnt help D. didn