英语修辞：平行结构和一语双叙ppt课件

Syllepsis s leps s 一语双叙 Syllepsisisafigureinrhetoricbywhichaworddoesdutyinasentenceinthesamesyntacticalrelationtotwoormorewordsbuthasadifferentsenseinrelationtoeach Acombinationofgrammaticalparallelismandsemanticincongruity offenwithawittyorcomicaleffect 1 syllepsis是指用一个词 如动词 形容词 介词等 同时与两个或更多的次搭配 在与一个词搭配时用一种意义 而在与另一个词搭配时则用另一种意义 这种搭配在句法规则和与以上都是正确的 并产生不同的字面意义和比喻意义 2 Helostthegameandhistemper Sheopensthedoorandherhearttothehomelesschild Shewenthomeinafloodoftearsandasedan chair Yesterdayhehadablueheartandcoat 3 Typesofsyllepsis1 Oneverbgovernstwonouns v ns 2 Oneadjectivemodifiestwoormorenouns adj ns 3 Oneprep governstwoormoreobjects prep ns 4 Oneverbsharestwosubjects 4 1 Oneverbgovernstwonouns ThenewlyelectedmemberforCentralLeekstooktheoathandhisseat 那位新当选的里慈中心区的委员宣誓就职 Thesenatorpickuphishatandhiscourage 参议员拾起了帽子的同时鼓起了勇气 5 Thebaldoldmanlosthistemperandhishatbeforethewholeaudience 这老头在大庭广众之下 大发脾气 把帽子一抛 Hecaughacoldandabus 他感冒了饼干上了公共汽车 6 2 Oneadjectivemodifiestwoormorenouns 形容词带起的 一语双叙 有事可以把一些表现人情感的修饰语转而修饰事物 7 Yesterdayhehadablueheartandcoad 昨天他穿着一件蓝色的上衣 而且心情忧郁 Theirtauntsweremorecuttingthanknives 他们的嘲笑比喜爱到更锋利 8 3 Oneprep governstwoormoreobjects Oldpeoplegatheredinthesocialhallforcomradeshipandahotlunch 老年人相聚在宴会大厅里 一是为了友谊 二是为了一顿热气腾腾的午餐 一语双叙刻画老人的心理 解释了老人相聚的目的 语言栩栩如生 合情合理 9 Shelookedatthefadedphotowithsuspicionandamagnifyingglass 她带着满腹孤疑借助放大镜看了看那张退了颜色的照片withsuspicion toindicatemannerwithamagnifyingglass toindicateistrument作者借助上下文的语义关照与衬托 把任务的心理和行动有机的联系起来 把所要表达的意思有效的传达给读者 10 4 Oneverbsharestwosubjects Tenminuteslaters thecoffeeandCommanderDanaofNavalIntelligencearrivedsimultaneously十分钟后 咖啡和海军情报指挥官戴纳同时到了 Theink likeourpig keepsrunningoutofthepen 墨水从钢笔里源源不断的流出来 就像我们的小猪从猪圈里跑出来一样 11 Parallelism Definition Similarityofstructureinapairorseriesofrelatedwords phrases orclauses Alsocalledparallelstructure 12 Examples Whenyouarerightyoucannotbetooradical whenyouarewrong youcannotbetooconservative MartinLutherKing Jr Someofthepeoplesaidthattheelephanthadgoneinonedirection somesaidthathehadgoneinanother someprofessednoteventohaveheardofanyelephant 13 founctionsofparallelism 1 Parallelismgivesemphasis clarityandcoheranceofideasaswellastherhythmofthelanguage E gIspeekasaRepublican Ispeekasawoman IspeakasaUnitedStatessenator IspeekasanAmerican 14 founctionsofparallelism 2 Parallelismisoftenusedinpersuasivespeech Itiseitherwithinasentenceacrosssentences withinaparagraphoracrossparagaphs Withinasentence1 andthatgovernmentofthepeople bythepeopleandforthepeople shallnotperishfromtheearth AbrahamLincoln 15 Acrosssentences Theseedyesow anotherreaps Thewealthyefind anotherkeeps Therobeyeweave anotherwears Thearmsyeforge anotherbear