教学总结with复合宾语

教学总结with复合宾语教学总结with复合宾语教学总结with复合宾语 本文简介：with复合宾语用法总结一、with的复合结构的构成所谓“with的复合结构”即是“with复合宾语”也即“with宾语宾语补足语”的结构。其中的宾语一般由名词充当(有时也可由代词充当)；而宾语补足语则是根据具体的需要由形容词，副词、介词短语，分词短语(包括现在分词和过去分词)及不定式短语。教学总结with复合宾语with复合宾语用法总结一、with的复合结构的构成所谓“with的复合结构”即是“with复合宾语”也即“with宾语宾语补足语”的结构。其中的宾语一般由名词充当(有时也可由代词充当)；而宾语补足语则是根据具体的需要由形容词，副词、介词短语，分词短语(包括现在分词和过去分词)及不定式短语充当。下面结合例句就这一结构加以具体的说明。1、with宾语形容词作宾补Hesleptwellwithallthewindowsopen.上面句子中形容词open作with的宾词allthewindows的补足语，Itsimpolitetotalkwithyourmouthfulloffood.形容词短语fulloffood作宾补。Dontsleepwiththewindowopeninwinter.2、with宾语副词作宾补withJohnaway,wehavegotmoreroom.Hewaslyinginbedwithallhisclotheson.Herbabyisusedtosleepingwiththelighton.句中的on是副词，作宾语thelight的补足语。Theboycantplaywithhisfatherin.句中的副词in作宾补。3、with宾语介词短语。wesatonthegrasswithourbackstothewall.hiswifecamedownthestairs,withherbabyinherarms.Theystoodwiththeirarmsroundeachother.Withtearsofjoyinhereyes,shesawherdaughtermarried.Shesawabrookwithredflowersandgreengrassonbothsides.句中介词短语onbothsides作宾语redflowersandgreengrass的宾补，Therewererowsofwhitehouseswithtreesinfrontofthem.，介词短语infrontofthem作宾补。4、with宾词分词(短语)这一结构中作宾补用的分词有两种，一是现在分词，二是过去分词，一般来说，当分词所表示的动作跟其前面的宾语之间存在主动关系则用现在分词，若是被动关系，则用过去分词。InpartsofAsiayoumustnotsitwithyourfeetpointingatanotherperson.(高一第十课)，句中用现在分词pointingat作宾语yourfeet的补足语，是因它们之间存在主动关系，或者说point这一动作是yourfeet发出的。Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Shesatwithherheadbent.Shedidnotanswer,withhereyesstillfixedonthewall.Thedaywasbright,withafreshbreeze(微风）blowing.Iwontbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.Withwintercomingon,itistimetobuywarmclothes.Hesoonfellasleepwiththelightstillburning.Fromspacetheearthlookslikeahugewatercoveredglobe,withafewpatchesoflandstickingoutabovethewater.而在下面句子中因with的宾语跟其宾补之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补：Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedback.(91年高考题)。但当with的复合结构中语是表示人体部位名称的名词时，作宾补用的分词是现在分词是过去分词，则应视这一动词而定。一般来说，若此动词是及物动词则用其过去分词形式，若是不及物动词，则用其现在分词形式。Anoldmanwaslyingtherewithhiseyesshut.此句中shut是及物动词，故用其过去分词Helayonhisbackwithhiseyeslookingstraightupwards.look为不及物动词，故用现在分词。5、with宾语不定式短语。Icantgooutwithyou,withmuchhomeworktobedone.句中的宾补由tobedone这一不定式的被动结构充当，表示do这一动作的将来含义或未完成之意，用其被动态则说明其与宾语之间存在被动关系。Withfiveminutestogobeforethelasttrainleft,wearrived.Icantgooutwithallthesedishestowash.Sointheafternoon,withnothingtodo,Iwentaroundtheschool.WithsuchanexperiencedteachertoteachusEnglish,weareveryhappy.6,with宾语名词Hediedinthebattlewithhissononlyaten-month-oldbaby.二、with的复合结构的用法1，在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件Shecameintotheroom，withhernoseredbecauseofcold.（with名词形容词，作伴随状语）Withthemealover，weallwenthome.（with名词副词，作时间状语）Themasterwaswalkingupanddownwiththerulerunderhisarm。（with名词介词短语，作伴随状语。）Theteacherenteredtheclassroomwithabookinhishand.Helayinthedarkemptyhouse，withnotaman，womanorchildtosayhewaskindtome.（with名词不定式，作伴随状语）Hecouldfinishitwithmetohelphim.（with代词不定式，作条件状语）Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.（with名词现在分词，作伴随状语）Withnothingleftinthecupboard，shewentouttogetsomethingtoeat.（with代词过去分词，作为原因状语）2，With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如：Fromspacetheearthlookslikeahugewater-coveredglobewithafewpatchesoflandstickingoutabovethewater.Alittleboywithtwoofhisfrontteethmissingranintothehouse.Doyouknowthewomanwithagoldnecklacearoundherneck?三，几点说明。1，without宾语宾语补足语是with宾语宾语补足语结构的另一表现形式。Hecouldnotfinishitwithoutmetohelphim.（without代词不定式，作条件状语）Withoutanythingleftinthecupboard，shewentouttogetsomethingtoeat.（without代词过去分词，作为原因状语）Possiblythispersondiedwithoutanyoneknowingwherethecoinswerehidden.(高二22课）（without代词现在分词，作为伴随状语）Withoutanyonenoticing，Islippedoutoftheroom.（without代词现在分词，作为伴随状语）Withoutawordmorespoken，hewentbackhome2,with的复合结构与独立主格结构的关系：把with的复合结构中的介词with去掉，即构成独立主格结构。其结构为名词（代词）现在分词、过去分词；例如;Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.=Whenthetestwasfinished,webeganourholiday.考试结束了，我们开始放假。Thepresidentassassinated,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.=Afterthepresidentwasassassinated,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.=Ifweatherpermits,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.天气允许，我们明天去看你。Thisdone,wewenthome.工作完成后，我们才回家。Thedooroftheroombeingopen，welookedinItbeingSunday（AsitsSunday），wehadnoclass由于是星期天，我们没有课Thedutycompleted，hehadthreedaysleaveThemanagersatquietlyintheoffice,(his)eyesclosed。经理静静地坐在办公室里，双目紧闭。Therebeingnothingelsetodo,weleft。由于没有其它事情可做，我们离开了Heguidingher,theywentacrossthestreet。他引着他，两个人穿过那条街。Thelastbushavinggone,wehadtowalkhome。=Becausethelastbushadgone,wehadtowalkhome。由于末班车已开走，我们只得步行回家Allthingsconsidered,thepricewouldbereasonable。Ifallthingsconsidered,thepricewouldbereasonable。通盘考虑的话，价格是合理的。Moretimegiven,wecouldhavedoneitbetter。=Ifmoretimehadbeengiventous,wecouldhavedoneitbetter。假如给我们更多时间的话，我们可能做的更好Theclockhavingstruckten，theysaidgoodnightandparted已经十点钟了，他们互道晚安分手了。名词（代词）形容词；ThelargestcollectionevenfoundinEnglandwasoneofabout200,000silverpennies，allofthemover600yearsold（英格兰发现的最大一堆硬币是20万枚银制的便士，它们全都是600年前制作的。）句中“allofthemover600yearsold”是独立主格结构，可改为：andallofthemwereover600yearsold并列分句；或allofwhichwereover600yearsold非限制性定语从句。(高二22课）Hecameintotheroom,hisearsredwithcold.他回到了房子里，耳朵冻得红通通的Theboy，hisfacered，saidnothing名词（代词）副词；Theclassover，thestudentslefttheclassroomintwosandthreesBreakfastover，hewenttotheclassroomWhenbreakfastwasover，hewenttotheclassroomHeputonhissockswrong,sideout。他穿上袜子，反面朝上。名词（代词）不定式；Anumberofofficialsfollowedtheemperor,sometoholdhisrobe,otherstoadjusthisgirdle,andsoon。许多官员尾随皇帝之后，有的拎着皇帝的衣袍，有的则给他整腰带等。（sometohold和otherstoadjust为不定式独立主格结构）Herearethefirsttwovolumes，thethirdonetocomeoutnextmonth这儿是头两卷，第三卷下个月出版。Thetwogirlssaidgood-byetoeachother，onetogohome，theothertogotoherfriends两个女孩说声再见后，一个回家，另一个去朋友家。名词（代词）介词短语。Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆Hewentoff,g