高中英语名词性从句整理 (共57张)ppt课件

.,名词性从句,Grammar,NounClause,madeby赵志佐2016.3.21,.,2015天津高考试卷中的名词性从句,22D考查名词性从句以及对语境的理解。Awhich哪一个；Bwhy为什么；Cthat那个；Dwhat什么。宾语从句中belike缺少宾语，故用关系词what。选D。,Asperfectasitwas,thepriceremainedtoohighforus.Buteveryday,wewouldsitbythelake,lookingatthehouseanddreamingof22itwouldbeliketolivethere.22.A.whichB.whyC.thatD.what,.,名词性从句时每年高考题的必考点，会在单选题，完形填空题，出现。作文用上名词性从句，句子也会增色，出彩。名词从句的熟练运用还能大大提高我们分析长句的能力，进而提高我们的阅读能力阅读理解题，完形填空中会大量使用名词性从句学不会名词性从句就不能算学会了英语。这是一道绕不过的坎跨过这道坎，就会风雨彩虹,.,聚焦天津高考-对名词性从句的考察-2015,_medicineworksinahumanbodyisaquestion_noteveryonecanunderstand.A.How,that.B.That,which.C.That,what.D.What,that,-Hi,Peter.Youseedtohavegainedalotofweight.-Well,goodfood,notenoughexercise.Thatis_Igotfat.A.what.B.when.ChowD.whether,.,Justhaveago.Canyouchoosethebestanswertoeachsentence?,1.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_hewasamanofaction.2.Wehaventsettledthequestionof_itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.3._makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.,that,whether,What,.,4.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas_wedidthismorning.5.Pleaseremindme_hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.6.-Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?-Theyalwaysletmedo_IthinkIshould.7.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris_itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.,what,when,what,that,.,CanyoudistinguishTHAT-CLAUSEinthetwosentences?,1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.,.,在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句(NounClauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。,名词从句,.,Hisjobisimportant.,Whathedoesisimportant.,Thisishisjob.,Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.,名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,主语,表语,.,Idontlikehisjob.,Idontlikewhathedoeseveryday.,Idontknowabouttheman,Mr.White.,Idontknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.,同位语,宾语,.,1._thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.2.Iwonder_youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.3.Thisis_hewasoftenlateforschool.4.Weallknowthetruth_theearth_(move)aroundthesun.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,Practice,That,whether,why,that,moves,.,Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheoldmancouldntseeanything.ThefactthatPollydidntaskforthemansnameisapity.,PredictiveClause(表语从句),ObjectClause(宾语从句),SubjectClause(主语从句),AppositiveClause同位语从句,Findclausesfromthefollowingsentencesandtellthefunctionsofthem,.,1Thathewillsucceediscertain.2Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3Whathesaidisnottrue.4Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5Whoevercomesiswelcome.6Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.7Whentheyllstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.,SubjectClause,主语从句,.,Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.,.,Thatwewillsucceediscertain.=Itiscertainthatwewillsucceed,.,Itisnotdecidedyet_theresultsofthetestwillbemadeknown_thepublic,whether,to,.,Whathesaidisnottrue.,.,_leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who,.,Nomatterwhoyouare,youmustobeytherules.=Whoeveryouare,youmustobeytherules.,.,whowillgiveusatalkisunknownatall.Itisnotknownwhowillgiveusatalk.,.,宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）,Theyknowthatthehabitwillkillthem.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.,Tellthefunctionofthefollowingclauses,2.宾语从句,that,whether，if（that常可省略）who,what,which,whoever,whatever,whenwherewhyhow,连词,.,Theyknowthatthebadeatinghabitwillkillthem.,.,Italldependsonwhetheryouhaveenoughexperience.,.,Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.,.,Ihavemadeitclearthatnobodyisallowedtosmkehere,.,当whether后紧跟or/ornot时,不用if.IdontknowwhetherornotIwillstay介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.,注意,1.Whether和if都可以引导宾语从句,.,IdontknowwhetherornotIwillstay,.,IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.,.,在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略.Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthathewouldcomeontime.,2.that在宾语从句中的省略与保留,.,Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.Thatsbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.ThatswhyIwaslate.表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。,表语从句,.,ThereasonwhywemissedwasthatIwaslatefortheappointment.,.,同位语从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.,同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether,1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2)WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspect(视察)them.,3)SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.,同位语从句,.,SydneymadeapromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.,.,SydneymadeapromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.,.,1.TwothirdsofallgirlsinBritainareonadiet./Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.,2.TheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina./Weheardthenewslastnight.,_,Thefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.,_,WeheardthenewslastnightthattheQueenofEnglandwasonathree-dayvisitinChina.,.,4.Timetravelispossible./Thereisnoscientificprooffortheidea.,5.Chinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetime./Thesuggestioniswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.,3.Teenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline./ManyBritishparentsholdtheview.,_,ManyBritishparentsholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldntspendtoomuchtimeonline.,_,Thereisnoscientificprooffortheideathattimetravelispossible.,_,_,ThesuggestionthatChinesestudentsshouldbegivenmorefreetimeiswelcomedbymanypeople,especiallykidsinschool.,.,DotheExercise,.,分析下列宾语从句中的连词,Idontdoubt（that）youwillsucceed.Idontknowwhether/ifhewillcometonight.Idoubtif/whetheryouwillkeepyourpromise.,3个句子中的连词that,whether,if（是否）在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词注意：A.that本身无意义，在宾语从句中可以省略，但在别的三种名词性从句中不可以省略。B.whether和if有是否的意义，在宾语从句中二者通常可以互换。但whether可以用于所有的四种名词性从句，而if仅可以用于宾语从句。,引导名词从句的关联词。,连接词,.,一、名词性从句的语序,（1）名词性从句构成有两种,a.That+陈述句,Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.,Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.,名词性从句考点归纳,b.疑问词+句子的剩余成分,.,(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。,Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.(),你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？,F,T,T,F,他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。,Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?(),.,二、名词性从句连接词的选用,（1）that和what的选用,that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。,.,that/what,1._hewantsisabook.2._hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis_wewonthegame.4.Thisis_wewanttoknow.5.Is_hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto_theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_hedidthatafternoon.,What,That,that,what,what,what,that,what,.,a.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.gwhetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.,if和whether的选用,不能使用if的情况：,.,1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2._wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.4.Idontknow_heiswellornot.5.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion_theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idontknow_togo.,if/whether,Whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,whether,if/whether,.,其它连接代词和副词的连用,主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,.,我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。_weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idontknow_broketheglassyesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_Ileftmyglasses.,When,who,what,where,.,that可省略的情况：,that不可省略的情况：主语从句表语从句同位语从句用it做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略,引导词that的省略,单个宾语从句中的that可省略,.,1.Idontthink_sheiscoming.2.Itisapity_hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_heiscareless.4.Thenews_ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idontthinkitnecessary_youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme_hisfatherhaddiedand_hehadtomakealivingalone.,(that),that,that,that,that,(that),that,that/(that),.,1.同位语从句的格式：2.能接同位语从句的名词有：3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用,三、同位语从句的引导和辨别,n.+连接词+从句,order,belief,suggestion,advice,information等,whether,what,when,where等来引导同位语从句。,fact、idea,news,.,1.Ihavenoidea_hecomesfrom.2.Hecantanswerthequestion_hegotthemoney.3.Hegaveusmanysuggestions_weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise.4.Ihavenodoubt_hewillwin.5.Ihavesomedoubt_hewillwin.,where,how,that,that,whether,that/whether/where/how,.,1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。,2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.,同位语从句和定语从句的区别,.,1.Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed.2.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain.,1.Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity.2.Theinformationthatherevealedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue.,AT,AP,AP,AT,AttributiveorAppositive,.,HegavemeasuggestionthatI(should)becalmnow.,名词demand,suggestion,proposal,advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为should+do,should可省略,.,a.他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.Hebelieves_.b.请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.Pleasetellme_.,hisdreamwillcometruesomeday,whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday,宾语从句的时态呼应,1.如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.,.,他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。Hetoldme_.他说他已离开家乡十年了。Hetoldme_.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。Theteachertoldus_.,hewaspreparingfortheexamination,hehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears,lighttravelsinastraightline.,2.如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。,.,1.Thereason_wedidnttrusthimwas_heoftenlied2.Thereason_hegaveforhisabsentwas_hewasill.,reason后面的表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why引导,但reason后面的定语从句可以用why或者that引导。,在名词性从句中，我们还须特别注意以下问题：,why,that,that,that,.,Practicetime,.,1.Theyexpressedthehope_theywouldcomeovertoChina.2.Thefact_hedidntseeTomyesterdayistrue.3.Ihavenoidea_hewillcomeback.,Choosethebestanswer,that,that,when,.,4.Thenews_surprisedeverybodyyesterdaynowprovestobefalse.5.Oneofthemenheldtheview_thebooksaidwasright.6.Wordhascome_someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.,that,that,thatwhat,.,7.Thequestionis_thefilmisworthseeing.8.Theyreceivedorders_theworkbedoneatonce.9.Thereason_Ihavetogois_mymotherisillinbed.,whether,that,why,that,.,10._Icantunderstandis_shewantstochangehermind.11._hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.,What,why,Whether,.,12.Itisknowntous_wherethereispollution,thereisharm.13.Ihavetheinformation_hellcomesoon.,that,that,.,14.-Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.-_hebrokeitmademenearlymad.15.Itremainsaquestion_wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.,That,how,.,16.-CanIhelpyou?-Yes,doyouknow_?A.whencomesthebusB.whenwillcomethebusC.whendoesthebuscomeD.whenthebuscomes17.Hemadeapromise_anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.thatif,.,18.Theylosttheirwayinth