3初中非谓语动词最全总结.doc

非谓语动词总结一后面只可跟动词的ing形式的情况作宾语1.动词： finish doing sth.完成做某事；enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事；practice doing sth. 练习做某事；imagine doing,想象做某事；avoid doing sth.避免做某事；consider doing sth.考虑做某事；suggest doing sth.建议做某事；mind doing sth.介意做某事； keep doing sth.持续做某事 allow允许resist抵抗miss错过advise建议stand(忍受)risk冒险forgive escape admit2.固定短语： feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事；be busy doing sth.忙于做某事；be worth doing 值得做某事；spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事； have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难；have fun doing或have a good/great time doing做某事高兴preventfrom doing阻止be busy doing忙着做help sb with doingkeep on持续 put off推迟feel like想要3.介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)如：be good at doing sth.；thank you for doing sth.；give up doing sth.；stop sb. from doing sth.；do well in doing sth.；be afraid of doing sth.；be interested in doing sth.；be proud of；instead of；be fond of 4.to作介词的情况look forward to doing sth期望做某事； prefer doing sth. to doing sth与相比较更喜欢； pay attention to doing注意做某事； be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；make a contribution to为做贡献lead to ，stick to, object to, get down to, on the/way to, as to关于。另外，表示征求意见的“how/what about？care about二后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况作宾语1. 动词：agree to do同意去做；afford to do买得起；decide to do决定去做某事；hope to do希望去做；wish to do希望去做；fail to do做某事失败去；need需要plan to do打算去做；pretend to do假装去做； refuse to do拒绝去做；would like to do想要去做want to do想要去做某事；learn to do 学做；prefer to do sth. 喜欢（爱）做某事；sb. seem to do sth好像做某事；be used to do sth.被用来做某事used to do sth. 过去常做某事help，ask，、promise，pretend，expect，manage，offer，happen，prepare准备arrange安排choose long(渴望)care关心，喜欢作宾补2. 句型. Need sb to do 需要某人做invite吸引，邀请； show 显示；order命令Teach sb to do教某人做ask要求，邀请；allow允许；prefer喜欢，宁愿；hate憎恶； advise劝告，委托； help帮助；Encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事asked sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事）tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人去（不要）做某事follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事）be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事be excited to do sth. 对做感到兴奋 be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事be glad/happy to do sth. 高兴去做某事be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到抱歉 be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊奇cant wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会Its + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）怎么样Its +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth.It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考）Its best for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的Its time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了too(for sb.) to 太以致不能 =not enough to do prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿而不愿（常考）something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西（动词不定式放在something等后修饰这些）Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易take turns to do sth. 轮流做There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 对（某人来说）没时间做某事了There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事try/do ones best to do sth. 尽力去做某事三、后既能跟不定式也能跟动名词的情况： 1、后加不定式或动名词意思相近的动词有些动词接doing和to do意义相近像like(喜欢)，love(喜欢)，hate(憎恨)，prefer(宁可)，begin(开始)，start(开始)，continue(继续)。如：等词后加不定式或动名词区别不大：如：like to do表示想要做某一具体的动作 like dong表示一般或抽象的多次动作 它们在实际使用中区别很小。 但在下面情况下一般用动词不定式作宾语：would like /love后，表示特定动作时。Would you like to leave a message？ 你要不要留个话儿？begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式。例如：When we came in, they were beginning to have supper.After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong.在begin后非限定动词由某些状态动词构成时。We began to think of this question. 我们开始考虑这个问题。She began to believe his story. 她开始相信他的故事。2、后加不定式或动名词区别较大的动词： propose to do 打算（要做某事） proposing doing建议（做某事） mean to do打算，有意要 mean doing意味着 regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔remember to do(记住去做) remember doing(记得做过) forget to do(忘记去做) forget doing(忘记做过) try to do(设法做) try doing(试着做) go on to do(接着做另一事) go on doing(继续做同一事) stop to do(停下来去做) stop doing(停止做) cant help to do(不能帮助做) cant help doing(情不自禁做) （注)如果这些动词前有should一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。例如：I should like to see him tomorrowneed, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义；+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。Dont you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗? You must remember to leave tomorrow你可要记着是明天动身。I dont regret telling her what I thought我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过) I regret to have to do this， but I have no choice我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。(未做但要做) You must try to be more careful你可要多加小心。Lets try doing the work some other way让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。I didnt mean to hurt your feeling我没想要伤害你的感情。This illness will mean (your) going to hospital得了这种病(你)就要进医院。want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，表示需要、该；接不定式，表示想，要干。 例如：The room wants cleaning.The matter needs thinking over.(=to be thought over) 动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接单宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时用动词不定式。例如：Doctors advise giving up smoking to benefit ones health.The doctor advised him to give up smoking so as to improve his health. She doesnt allow (permit) smoking in her room.=She doesnt allow (permit)anyone to smoke in her room.四、后跟不带to的不定式（动词原形）的情况。1在感官动词和使役动词后see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find使役动词make，let，have等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号to。注意：将此句改为被动句时，省去的不定式符号to应加上。 I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。 =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜干活。 =They were made to work the whole night.在动词help后跟不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时，既可带to，也可不带to。2.助动词或情态动词后：do, did, does, will, shall, would, should, can, may, must等后面接不带to的动词不定式。除ought 外3.某些固定句型中1）Will（Would）you please（not）？请（不要）做某事好吗？2）had better最好做某事 3）Why not？为何不做某事 4) would rather(not).宁可(不)；宁愿(不)此句型也可以扩展成：would rather.than.=would.rather than.。5）在祈使语气(或口语)中。6）but和except后。but前是实义动词do时，后面出现的不定式不带to。比较：He wants to do nothing but go out. 他只想出去玩。 He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. 除了吃这药，他什么都信。7）由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：例He forgot to go to her home and give her the important letter. 他忘了去她家并把一封重要的信件给她。五既可跟动词原形又可跟动词ing形式的情况。see,watch,hear等动词，后面既可跟原形又可跟动名词形式，跟原形时表示做过或经常做，跟动名词时表示正在做。感官动词see,watch,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel +do（也就是说这几个词后跟动词不定式时，喜欢把to去了）表示动作的完整性，真实性；当然这几个词后也能+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性。see/watch sb. do sth.看到某人做过(经常做）某事 see/watch sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事hear sb. do sth.听到某人做过（经常做）某事 hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事一、 课后练习( )1. Granny often tells us _water in our daily life. A: save B: saving C: to save D: saves( )2. Richard turned off the computer after he had finished _the email. A: write B: to write C: writing D: wrote( )3.We can use QQ to chat with each other on the Internet. Really? Will you please show me _it? A: how to use B: what to use C: how can I use D: what can I use( )4.Wheres your brother now，Bob? I saw him _ in the street a moment ago and I told him _. A: playing；dont do so B: playing；not to do so C: play；to do so ( )5. As teenagers, were old enough _with housework. We can help set the table, wash the dishes and clean our own rooms. A: to help B: helping C: helped( )6. Nancy is really a hard-working student. We often see her _books in the classroom. A: read B: to read C: reads( )7 Mrs. Smith made her students _the compositions three times a week. A: write B: to write C: written D: writing( )8.Tom often makes his sister , but yesterday he was made by his sister.A: cry; to cry B: to cry; cry C:cry; cry D: to cry; to cry( )9. Youd better _ too much time playing computer games. A: dont spend B: not to spend C: to not spend D: not spend( )10. More and more young people are trying to do something _the old. A: served B: to serve C: serve D: serves( )11. Why not _ an English club to practice _ English? A. to join; to speak B. join; speaking C. join; to speak D. to join; speaking( )12. When we came to the gate, he stopped _ me go in first. A. to let B. to tell C. to allow D. to ask( )13. She saw some boys _ soccer on the playground when she was on the way to the classroom. A. played B. to play C. playing ( )14. How about going shopping this weekend, Peter? Sorry, I prefer _ rather than _. A. to stay at home; go out B. to go out; stay at home C. staying at home; go out D. Going out; stay at home ( )15. Its a good habit _ every day. A. to keep doing exercise B. to stay up late C. to make much noise D. to too much ( )16. Its hot. Would you mind my _ the window. _. Do it as you like, please! A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not C. closing; Of course D. Open; Good idea ( )17. Who do you think youd like _ with you, a boy or a girl? A. to let to go B. letting to go C. to let go D. let go ( )18. The house was so dirty. They decided _. A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it D. cleaning up( )19. I heard someone _ the door and . A. open; come in B. to open; to come in C. open; come into D. to open; to come into( )20. The girl was heard _ the piano in the next room. A. plays B. to play C. played D. play一根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Is it necessary _(learn) a foreign language? 2. He is good at _(swim).3. Do you have anything _(say) for yourself?4. Its spring now. its time _(plant) trees.5. Dont keep me _(wait) for a long time.6. The policeman told