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小学英语总复习一、规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:1.一般情况加 s : bookbooks , mouthmouths, househouses , girllgirls 2.以 s,x, sh , ch 结尾的加 es: classclasses, boxboxes, fishfishes , peachpeaches 3.以辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 i加es: citycities , countrycountries, partyparties , factoryfactories , babybabies4以o 结尾的名词变复数时: a)没有生命的加s,有:photophotos ,pianopianos, radioradios, zoozoos b)有生命的加es,有: potatopotatoes, tomatotomatoes 5.以f, fe 结尾的 变f或fe为v ,再加es :knife knives leafleaves shelfshelves lifelives二、 不规则的可数名词的变化规则:manmen, womanwomen , toothteeth , footfeet , goosegeese , childchildren , mousemice单复数相同: sheep , deer , Chinese, Japanese 合成词的变化: police-manpolice-men 三、名词词尾的读音规则: A 在清辅音后读s cups, hats, cakes B. 在s z t等音后读iz glasses, faces, rosesC.在其他情况下读作z beds ,days ,cities ,knivesD.以th结尾的词原来读 加词尾后多数读s 如: mouthmouths pathpaths ; 但是也有不变化的,如: monthmonths,ninthninthsE.以t结尾的读ts,以d结尾的读dz如:kitekites,roadroads练习:写出下列词语的复数形式。city_zoo_ tooth_ mouth_ boy_ room_ car_ tree_ box_ man_ photo_ child_ him_ this_ watch_ story_ dress_ strawberry_ water_ milk_ sheep_ people_ CD_ day_ yo-yo_ she_四、名词的格英语中有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系,带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格,如:a teachers book 教师的书。名词所有格的规则如下:1、 有生命的名词所有格单数名词词尾加s,复数名词词尾没有s,也要加s,如the boys bag 男孩的书包,mens room 男厕所。 若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加 ,如:the workershouse工人的房子。2、没有生命的名词所有格不能加s,可以用名词+of +名词的结构来表示所有关系,如:the name of the song 歌的名字。4) 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词,如:the barbers 理发店 the Greens格林一家。5) 如果两个名词并列,并且分别有s,则表示“分别有”;只有一个s,则表示“共有”。例如:Johns and Marys rooms(两间)John and Marys room(一间)五、时态:小学阶段一共学了四种时态,分别是:一般现在时,一般将来时,现在进行时,一般过去时。下面我们一一进行总结。一般现在时A、表示不受时限的客观存在如:He is a boy. She is a student. My mother is a nurse. This is a dog. I have a story-book.B、表示现在的习惯动作,即指现在经常发生的动作,一般现在时常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。它常与表示程度或频度的词连用,如:often(经常) , usually(通常,一般) , sometimes(有时) , always(总是,一直) , never(从不) 如:I often go to school on foot. My father works in a school. Mike watches TV every day. I usually play computer games on the weekend. C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬间动作如:How are you? You look happy. Whats the matter with you? I have a headache. What do you have for lunch? I have some chicken. 注意 英语动词的现在时与原形同形。但当主语是第三人称单数时,须在词尾加-s 或 -es。例如:I have a fish for dinner. Her mother works in a hospital. Amy often goes to school by bike. Mr. Liu teaches us English. 加-es 的动词必须是以“sh , ch , o ”等字母结尾的。如:watches , teaches , goes , washes 一般将来时表示在将来会发生的事或动作。它常与表示将来的时间连用,如:tomorrow , next week , next year , this morning , this afternoon , this evening 等。注意 一般将来时小学阶段主要学了两种结构:be going to + 动词的原形 / 地点 will + 动词的原形 例句: Im going to go shopping this afternoon. She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky. 现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。常与now连用,当句首有look, listen时,也用现在进行时。2现在进行时肯定句的基本结构为:主语+ be动词+动词的现在分词(doing,即动词的ing形式)(1)其中be动词随着主语的变化而变化,be动词包括am, is, are。注意 动词的ing形式的构成规则:1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加ing 如: work working, sleepsleeping study studying , gogoing 2 动词以不发音的e结尾,要去e加ing 如: take taking , makemaking , dance dancing , hikehiking3 重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加ing 如: sit sitting , put putting , begin beginning, swimswimming , shopshopping, runrunning, getgetting4 以ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加ing 如:lie lying , die dying一般过去时主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态,也可表示过去的习惯动作。它与现在时间不发生关系,它表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。它经常与yesterday, last night,just now, a moment ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。如:I went to a park yesterday. I read a book last night. I watched TV yesterday evening.I went on a big trip last weekend. I failed my Chinese test. 一般过去时主要体现在动词的形式要用过去式,动词的过去式的构成规则有:A、规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加ed ;如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d ;如 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed (此类动词较少)如 study studied carry carried worry worried (play、stay除外) 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read , fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt 1 肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom.Im going to buy a comic book tonight. He will eat lunch at 12:00.Im reading a book. They are swimming.I watched TV yesterday evening. 2否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor. He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not four fans in our classroom.Im not going to buy a comic book tonight. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00.Im not reading a book. They are not (arent) swimming.I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening. 注意 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isnt,arent”,但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“dont , doesnt , didnt )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。如:Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there arent. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.)Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont). Are you reading a book? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they arent.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.注意 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如:What is this? Its a computer.What does he do? Hes a doctor.Where are you going? Im going to Beijing.Who played football with you yesterday afternoon? Mike. Which season do you like best? Summer.When do you usually get up? I usually get up at 6:30.Whose skirt is this? Its Amys.Why do you like spring best? Because I can plant trees. How are you? Im fine. / Im happy.How did you go to Xinjiang? I went to Xinjiang by train.其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量)), how much(多少(钱)), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重)例句:How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,How many + 名词复数 + do you have? 你有多少?How many + 名词复数 + can you see? 你能看见多少?How many + 名词复数 + are there? 有多少?练习:写出下列动词的现在分词形式。give_use_love_skate_draw_tell_sing_wear_get_put_sit_stop_swing_hike_look_drive_begin_forget_see_close_meet_swim _换。六、人称代词和物主代词 。人称代词主格: I(我) you(你) he(他) she (她)it (它)we(我们) you(你们) they(他、她、它们)人称代词宾格:me you him her it us you them形容词性物主代词: my (我的)your(你的) his(他的) her(她的) its(它的) our(我们的) your(你们的) their(他、她、它们的)名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs人称代词:1.人称代词分为第一、第二、第三人称,且有单复数之分。2.人称代词的主格在句中做主语,一般用在动词前(疑问句除外)。3.人称代词的宾格在句中做宾语,多用于动词、介词后。4.人称代词能代替表示人称的名词。物主代词:1.表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。2.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。物主代词也有人称和数的变化。3.形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,后面一定要跟名词,表示该名词所代表的事物是属于谁的。4.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如:This is my bag.= This is mine.七、特殊疑问词 。when 什么时间(问时间),who 谁(问人,主格),whom 谁(问人,宾格)whose 谁的(问主人),where 在哪里(问地点),which 哪一个(问选择),why 为什么 (问原因),what 什么(问东西),what time 什么时间(问时间),what colour 什么颜色(问颜色),what about 怎么样(问意见),what day 星期几(问星期),what date 什么日期(问具体日期),what for 为何目的(问目的)how 怎么样(问情况),how old 多大(问年龄),how many 多少(问数量),how much 多少(问价钱),how about 怎么样(问意见),how far 多远(问路程),how often多常(问频率),how tall多高(问身高),how heavy多重(问体重)人称代词、物主代词练习。1、 我家里有四口人._ _ _ _ in my family. 2、 这是Mike的书包._ _ _ _. 3、在星期天,通常她的妈妈和我的妈妈一起去买东西。_ _ , _ _ usually go shopping _ _ _.4、 这些故事书是他们的._ story books _ _.5、 我最喜欢的运动是 游泳._ _ _ _ _. 6、 Linda 喜欢以一些牛奶和两个鸡蛋作为早餐. Linda likes _ _ _ _ _ _ _.7、我有两个哥哥,他们是Jack和Nick.I have two brothers,_ _ _ _ _.8、翻译:桌上的书是我的书。椅子上的书不是我的。让我看一看。这个蛋糕是他的。她的妹妹是我们的语文老师。八、句型专项归类 1、肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:Im a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening. 2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor. He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom. He will not (wont) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening. 注意 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 not.有动词be的句子则not加在be后面,可缩写成isnt,arent,但am not 一般都分开写.没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上not,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如dont , doesnt , didnt ).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而did只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用did . 3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用yes,或no来回答. 如:Are you a student Yes, I am / No, Im not. Is she a doctor Yes, she is. / No, she isnt. Does he work in a hospital Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. Are there four fans in our classroom Yes, there are. / No, there arent. Are you going to buy a comic book tonight Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we arent.) Will he eat lunch at 12:00 Yes, I will. / No, I will not(wont). Are they swimming Yes, they are. / No, they arent. Did you watch TV yesterday evening Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 注意 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上, 把动词be或情态动词can调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可. 没有动词be或情态动词can的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可. 这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中does只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而did只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用did .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的. 4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用yes ,no来回答.如: What is this Its a computer. What does he do Hes a doctor. Where are you going Im going to Beijing. Who played football with you yesterday afternoon Mike. Which season do you like best Summer. When do you usually get up I usually get up at 6:30. Whose skirt is this Its Amys. Why do you like spring best Because I can plant trees. How are you Im fine. / Im happy. How did you go to Xinjiang I went to Xinjiang by train. 其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量), how much(多少(钱), how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how heavy(多重) 例句:How many pencils do you have I have three pencils. How many girls can you see I can see four girls. How many desks are there in your classroom There are 51. 小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配, How many + 名词复数 + do you have 你有多少 How many + 名词复数 + can you see 你能看见多少 How many + 名词复数 + are there 有多少 九、完全缩略形式: Im=I am hes=he is shes=she is theyre=they are youre=you are theres=there is theyre=they are cant=can not dont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=I will wasnt=was not 十、与字母相关的题型 ( 注:五个元音字母是 Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu ) 1、将所给字母的大小写写在横线上 。Hh Rr Xx Gg Mm Uu Zz Ff Qq Ii _2、写出下列字母的左邻右舍. 1.( ) Hh ( ) 2.( ) Bb ( ) 3.( ) Ll ( ) 4.( ) Rr ( ) 5.( ) Qq ( ) 6.( ) Ww ( ) 3、用小写字母抄写下列单词. 1.ROOM( ) 2.UNDER( ) 3.PLEASE( ) 4.PICTURE( ) 5.WHERE( ) 6.TWINS( ) 7.EXCUSE( ) 8.HOW( ) 9.CAKE( ) 10.SMALL( ) 4、将全是元音字母的那一组圈起来 1. a c e 2. i e o 3. v u k 4. e u I 5. J B I 6. E T V 7. E I O 8. A U E 5、写出与所给单词发音相同的字母(大小写). 1.bee ( ) 2.sea ( ) 3.tea ( ) 4.are ( ) 5.why ( ) 6.you ( ) 十一、形容词、副词的比较级1.形容词的比较级:用于两者的比较。(1)基本句式的构成:A(主格)+ be + 形容词的比较级 + than + B(宾格).(2)表示一样的情况时用原级,结构是:as + 原级 + as2.副词的比较级:(1)基本句式的构成:A(主格)+ 动词 + 副词的比较级 + than + B(宾格).(2)表示一样的情况时用原级,结构是:as + 原级 + as3.形容词、副词比较级的变化规则:(1)单音节词末尾加er如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ;(2)单音节词如果以字母e 结尾,加r如 fine finer ;(3)重读闭音节词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,须双写这个字母,再加er如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter;(4)以辅音字母加y结尾,变y为i,再加er如funny - funnier;(5)双音节和多音节词的比较级在原级前加more如beautiful more beautiful;(6)除此之外,还有几个特殊的单词,它的比较级和最高级都是不规则的,如:many / much(原形) more(比较级) most(最高级) little / few(原形) less (比较级) least(最高级) good(原形) better(比较级) best(最高级)bad (原形) worse(比较级) worst(最高级) far (原形) further furthest十二、基数词和序数词1.one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, nine-ninth,twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth, forty-one-forty-first.序数词前一定要加the。2.基数词变成序数词的方法:(1)直接在基数词词尾加上th,如:seventh第七,tenth 第十,thirteenth 第十三;(2)以y结尾的基数词,变y为ie,再加上th,如:twentieth 第二十。(3)不规则变化,如:first 第一, second 第二, third 第三,fifth 第五, eighth 第八,ninth 第九,twelfth 第十二。(4)基数词“几十几”变为序数词时,表示“几十”的基数词不变,只把表示“几”的基数词变成序数词,如twenty-first 第二十一。3.序数词的缩略形式是由阿拉伯数字和序数词的最后两个字母构成的,如:1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th。十三、be动词(am, is, are)1.口诀:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,复数全用are。2.否定形式:am not(没有缩写形式), is not=isnt, are not=arent。3.过去式:am/is(was), are(were)。十四、情态动词(can,must,could,will,would,may,shall,should)1.情态动词后面用动词原形。2.其否定形式是在情态动词的后面加not。十五、助动词(do, does, did)1.do, does用于一般现在时,does用于第三人称单数,其余一律用do。2.did用于一般过去时。3.它们的否定形式为:do not=dont, does not=doesnt. did not=didnt.十六、介词in的用法:1.用在某范围或某空间内,如:in the desk2.在一段时间内,如:in the morning3.以,用方式,如:in Englishin和on的区别:树上长出来的用on,不是树上长出来的则用in。in, on, at的区别:in, on, at都可以用来放在时间前面,但是in后面一般是morning,afternoon,evening,月份、年份、季节或者指某一段时间内;on用在具体某一天,如:on Sunday morning;at一般用在某个假期期间(不是指具体的某一天),它还可以用在具体的时间,如:at Spring Festival, at five oclock.小学英语教材中出现的介词有:in, on, from, of, by, about, for, under, behind, after, before, with, near, off, at, to, around, nearby, in front of, next to, beside 等。十七、there be结构与have, has的区别there be结构: 1.there be结构表示“某地存在着什么事物或人”。在一般现在时中,there be结构应该用there is 或there are 表示;在一般过去时中,there be结构则应该用there was或there were表示。2.主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is(was),是复数时用are(were)。3.there be结构遵循就近原则。4.在陈述句中为了强调地点,可将介词短语提到句首。5.否定句:在be动词后面加not,如果句中有some,要变成any。十八、some /any肯定句:I have some toys in my bedroom.一般疑问句和否定句中:Do you have any brothers or sisters? He doesnt have any pencils in his pencil case.表示建议、请求等:Would you like some juice? Can I have some stamps?十九、祈使句Sit down, please.Dont open the door.Lets go to the park.二十、国际音标p t d k f v t s z d tr dr ts dz h m n l r w j i: i e : a: u: u : ai ei i i u au upep小学英语词汇不完全归类表 学习用品(school things):pen钢笔pencil铅笔 pencil-case铅笔盒 ruler尺子 book书 bag包 comic book漫画书 post card明信片 newspaper报纸 schoolbag书包 eraser橡皮 crayon蜡笔 sharpener卷笔刀 story-book故事书 notebook笔记本 Chinese book语文书 English book英语书 math book数学书 magazine杂志 dictionary词典 人体(body):foot脚 head头 face脸 hair头发 nose鼻子 mouth嘴 eye眼睛 ear耳朵 arm手臂 hand手 finger手指 leg腿 tail尾巴 颜色(colours):red红 blue蓝 yellow黄 green绿 white白 black黑 pink粉红 purple紫orange橙brown棕 动物(animals):cat猫 dog狗 pig猪 duck鸭 rabbit兔 horse马 elephant大象 ant蚂蚁 fish鱼 bird鸟 eagle鹰 beaver海狸 snake蛇 mouse老鼠 squirrel松鼠 kangaroo袋鼠 monkey猴 panda熊猫 bear熊 lion狮子 tiger老虎 fox狐狸 zebra斑马 deer鹿 giraffe长颈鹿 goose鹅 hen母鸡 turkey火鸡 lamb小羊 sheep绵羊 goat山羊 cow奶牛 donkey驴 squid鱿鱼 lobster龙虾 shark鲨鱼seal海豹sperm whale抹香鲸killer whale虎鲸 人物(people):friend朋友 boy男孩 girl女孩 mother母亲 father父亲 sister姐妹 brother兄弟 uncle叔叔;舅舅 man男人 woman女人 Mr.先生 Miss小姐 lady女士;小姐 mom妈妈 dad爸爸 parents父母 grandparents祖父母 grandma/grandmother(外)祖母 grandpa/grandfather(外)祖父 aunt姑姑 cousin堂(表)兄弟;堂(表)姐妹 son儿子 daughter女儿 baby婴儿 kid小孩 classmate同学 queen女王 visitor参观者 neighbour邻居 principal校长 university student大学生 pen pal笔友 tourist旅行者 people人物 robot机器人 职业(jobs):teacher教师 student学生 doctor医生 nurse护士 driver司机 farmer农民 singer歌唱家 writer作家 actor男演员 actress女演员 artist画家 TV reporter电视台记者 engineer工程师 accountant会计 policeman(男)警察 salesperson销售员 cleaner清洁工 baseball player棒球运动员 assistant售货员 police警察 食品,饮料(food & drink):rice米饭 bread面包 beef牛肉 milk牛奶 water水 egg蛋 fish鱼 tofu豆腐 cake蛋糕 hot dog热狗 hamburger汉堡包 French fries炸薯条 cookie曲奇 biscuit饼干 jam果酱 noodles面条 meat肉 chicken鸡肉 pork猪肉 mutton羊肉 vegetable蔬菜 salad沙拉 soup汤 ice冰 ice-cream冰淇淋 Coke可乐 juice果汁 tea茶 coffee咖啡 breakfast早餐 lunch午餐 dinner/supper晚餐 meal一餐 水果,蔬菜(fruit & vegetables):apple苹果 banana香蕉 pear梨 orange橙 watermelon西瓜 grape葡萄 eggplant茄子 green beans青豆 tomato西红柿 potato土豆 peach桃 strawberry草莓 cucumber黄瓜 onion洋葱 carrot胡萝卜 cabbage卷心菜 衣服(clothes):jacket夹克衫 shirt衬衫 T-shirt丅恤衫 skirt短裙子 dress连衣裙 jeans牛仔裤 pants长裤 socks袜子 shoes鞋子 sweater毛衣 coat上衣 raincoat雨衣 shorts短裤 sneakers网球鞋 slippers拖鞋 sandals凉鞋 boots靴子 hat(有沿的)帽子 cap便帽 sunglasses太阳镜 tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套trousers裤子cloth布 交通工具(vehicles):bike自行车 bus公共汽车 train火车 boat小船 ship轮船 yacht快艇 car小汽车 taxi出租车 jeep吉普车 van小货车;面包车 plane/airplane飞机 subway/underground地铁 motor cycle摩托车 杂物(other things): window窗户 door门 desk课桌 chair椅子 bed床 computer计算机 board写字板 fan风扇 light灯 teachers desk讲台 picture图画;照片 wall墙壁 floor地板 curtain窗帘 trash bin垃圾箱 closet壁橱 mirror镜子 end table床头柜 football/soccer足球 present礼物 walkman随身听 lamp台灯 phone电话 sofa沙发 shelf书架 fridge冰箱 table桌子 TV电视 air-conditioner空调 key钥匙 lock锁 photo照片 chart图表 plate盘子 knife刀 fork叉 spoon勺子 chopsticks筷子 pot锅 gift礼物 toy玩具 doll洋娃娃 ball球 balloon

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