形容词与副词ppt课件.ppt

形容词与副词,1,形容词和副词的考点,考查形容词和副词的基本用法考查形容词作定语的后置规律3.考查多个形容词作定语的排序4.考查副词在句中的位置规律5.考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别,2,1.“Thatwouldbeavery19(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeours,”Nicksaid.(2013广东省高考),reasonable,2.Hemustbe20(mental)disabled.(2011广东省高考),mentally,3,3.Theteacherreplied,“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe_(sweet).”(2010年广东省高考),sweeter,4.OneSundaymorninginAugustIwenttoalocalmusicalfestival.IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment_(late)thatday.(2011广东省高考),later,4,修饰名词或不定代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补语。1）.形容词可分为两类：,形容词：,5,A:性质形容词-说明事物特征性质，有级的变化，也可以用程度副词修饰,在句中做定语、表语和补语。,B:叙述形容词只能做表语，没有级的变化，主要有：sad,worried,aware,ill,afraid,alone,asleep,alive,awake,alike,ashamed等。,6,改正下列句中的错误Ihavetostayathometolookaftermyillmother,whocaughtabadcoldtheotherday.,解析：ill表示“生病的”意思时，只用作表语形容词，不能作定语。ill后接名词，表达“邪恶的，品德败坏的”意思。myillmother意为“品德败坏的母亲”。,什么是表语形容词？,不能作定语的形容词叫表语形容词，但少数表语形容词作定语时只能后置。如：alike，asleep,awake，afraid，present，ill,sick,7,2)形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词之前，但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后：,1)形容词用于系动词后作表语,Itis_(difficulty)foryoutofinishtheexercise.,difficult,8,a形容词短语作定语时要后置,例:_totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.(全国)BraveenoughstudentsB.EnoughbravestudentsC.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave,副词enough修饰形容词时要放在形容词之后，形容词enough修饰名词时放在前后都可。,9,b表语形容词作定语要后置。,把括号中的词放入恰当的位置Allthepeopleatthepartywerehissupporters.（present）,10,c形容词修饰不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing等时，要位于后面。如：,Isthereanythingimportantintodaysnewspaper?,2.今天的报纸上有什么重要新闻吗？,1.美好的东西,Somethingnice,11,找出下列一组词中词性不同的一个单词hurriedlyB.repeatedlyC.naturallyD.absolutelyE.friendlyF.obviously,E.friendly,12,以ly结尾的词不一定是副词，有可能是形容词。以ly结尾的形容词有以下几种情况：1表示人际关系的名词ly：friendly,brotherly，sisterly，manly，womanly，fatherly，motherly，comradely；,Whichoneistrue？Hespoketomeveryfriendly.Hespoketomeinaveryfriendlyway.,13,2其他情况：deadly,costly,likely,unlikely,lively,lovelyhomely,lonely3表示时间的名词ly(也可用作副词)daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,timely,TheTimesisadailypaper.TheTimesispublisheddaily.,14,写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级原级比较级最高级well_good_thin_heavy_large_fast_difficult_complicated_,betterbest;betterbest;thinnerthinnest；heavierheaviest;largerlargest；fasterfastest;,moredifficultmostdifficult；morecomplicatedmostcomplicated,15,形容词的比较级和最高级构成规律如下：1.在一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾的单音节形容词中，其比较级和最高级形式要双写该辅音字母。如：bigbiggerbiggest。2.在以e结尾的单音节形容词，其比较级和最高级形式在原级形式后加r和st。如：nicenicernicest。3.其他单音节形容词的比较级和最高级的构成是在其原级后面直接加上er和est。如：newnewernewest。,16,4.在以辅音字母y结尾的双音节形容词中，其比较级和最高级形式常改y为i，末尾再加er和est。如：easyeasiereasiest。5.大多数多音节形容词中，其比较级和最高级形式由more/most加原级构成。如：beautifulmorebeautifulmostbeautiful。6.但有少数形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记，如：farfurtherfurthest。,17,ChinaislargerthananycountriesinAfrica.,2.-Areyousatisfiedwithhisanswer?-Notatall.Itcouldnthavebeen_(bad).,1.中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。,worse,3.The_(difficult)thequestionsare,thelesslikelyheisabletoanswerthem.,moredifficult,4.Woulditbe_(convenience)foryoutopickmeupatfouroclockandtakemetotheairport?,convenient,18,观察句子中的修饰词，注意其类别及其出现顺序ThisaprettysmallroundoldbrownChinesewoodenwritingdesk.,【答案】修饰词顺序及类别分别为：aprettysmallroundoldbrownChinesewoodenwritingdesk(中心词/被修饰词),19,20,翻译下列句子，划出句中的副词。1.Whenthelightsareon,thecitylooksmarvelous.2.Thoughfrequentlybeatenbyhisopponent,hedidntloseheart.3.Heisprettycleverwhenitcomestorepairs.4.Obviously,themurdererhadagoodknowledgeofthecrimesituation.,修饰动词，表示动作发生的时间、地点、方式、程度等或表达状态的词叫副词。,21,副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。副词的位置：1）在动词之后。2）在be动词、助动词之后。3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。4)几个副词程度方式地点时间Westudyhardatschooleveryday.,22,把括号中的副词放在句中的适当位置:Youcangethelpfromus.(always)2.ShehasbeentoBeijing.(never)3.Therearefivenewwordsinthetext.(only)4.Iwalk.(slowly),23,注意：1)方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。HespeaksEnglishwell.bebadlyill/hurt/damaged/inneed2)副词very可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。改错：IverylikeEnglish.IlikeEnglishverymuch.,24,写出下列副词的比较级和最高级形式原级比较级最高级1.fast_2.well_3.early_4.slowly_5.Carefully_,fasterfastestbetterbestearlierearliestmoreslowlymostslowlymorecarefullymostcarefully,25,写出下列形容词的副词形式，注意其变化规律extreme,absolute,true,whole,comfortable,wonderful,musical，straight，wide，friendly,extremely,absolutely,truly,wholly,comfortably,wonderfully,musically，straight，wide/widely,inafriendlyway,26,1大部分以e结尾的形容词变副词直接加ly，但true,whole为特殊变化形式。2.以ble结尾的形容词变副词去e加y，如：possiblepossibly。3.以辅音加y结尾的形容词变副词改y为i加ly，如：heavy-heavily。4.以ly结尾的形容词变副词采用ina(n)way形式，如：lovelyinalovelyway。,27,有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以ly结尾，但它们的含义是不同的l)close接近地closely仔细地，密切地2)free免费地freely自由地，无拘束地3)hard努力地hardly几乎不4)late晚，迟lately近来5)most极，非常mostly主要地6)wide广阔地，widely广泛地7)high高highly高度地，非常地8)deep深，迟deeply抽象意义的“深”9)loud大声地loudly大声地(喧闹)10)near邻近nearly几乎,28,I.形容词和副词的误用,Completethesentences.1.Hearingthenews,hesatstillandlooked_atme.(sad,sadly)Hearingthenews,hesatstillandlooked_.2.Hethought_ofmywork.(high,highly)Hesang_praiseformywork.3.Themore_heworks,thefewermistakeshewillmake.(careful,carefully)Themore_heis,thefewermistakeshewillmake.,sadly,sad,highly,high,carefully,careful,29,Exercisesonourtextbook,30,1.形容词和副词的误用2.形容词副词的词序3.形容词和副词的比较等级用法4.形容词和副词的词义辨析,31,比较级的用法:表一方超过另一方时,用“比较级+than”的结构表示.表一方不如另一方时,用“less+原级+than”的结构表示.Thisparkislessbeautifulthanthatone.2.比较级前可加修饰词much,even,alot,abit,alittle,still,far,yet,byfar.注意:byfar通常用于强调最高级,用于比较级时一般放在比较级后面,如放在前面,应在中间加the.,32,如:Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.Hisexplanationis_.byfarclearerB.clearerbyfarC.theclearerbyfarD.theclearer,33,重要句型结构:1.“as+adj/adv+as或notso(as)+adj/adv+as.”句型。该句型常用来描述两个比较对象的程度上的相似或不同(即平时说的“等级比较和不等级比较”)。例如：Mycomputerisnotso(as)expensiveasyours.我的电脑不如你的贵重。,34,2.“asmany/few+可数名词复数+as”或“asmuch/little(少的)+不可数名词+as”。前者描述数目上的接近，后者描述量的相近。例如：Youmayborrowasmanybooksasyoucan.你能借多少书就借少。“Drinkasmuchwaterasyoucan.”thedoctorsaidtohim.医生对他说：“你要尽可能的多喝些水。”,35,3.“主语+比较级+thananyother”结构表示：主语所描述的事物比其他任何一个都比较级形式表示最高级含义。例如：LiMingismuchclevererthananyotherstudentintheirclass.李明是他们班中最聪明的学生。注意：若比较范围不同，than后应用“any+可数名词的复数形式+其他”。例如：,36,ChinaislargerthananycountriesinAfrica.中国比非洲上的任何国家都大。4.诸如not,never之类的否定词与形容词或副词的比较级连用，表示最高级含义。意为：再没有比更的了。例如：Itisnotabetteridea.这是再好不过的一个办法了。,37,cannottoo；cannevertoo;cannot.enough等的特殊意义“无论怎么也不过分;越越好”Youcantbe(canneverbe)toocarefulindoingthisjob.Youcannotbecarefulenoughindoingthisjob.做这项工作，越小心越好,38,5.“形容词+to”结构也可表示比较含义。例如：Thiskindofcarissuperiorinqualitytothat.这种汽车的质量比那一种好得多(superiorto意为：优于；胜过。)LiPingisthreeyearsseniortoLiuGang.李平比刘刚大三岁。(seniorto意为：年长于；资格老于；地位高于。,39,6.“no+比较级+than”结构表示对两个比较对象都进行否定(可由neithernor结构来改写)。例如：Imnomorefoolishthanyou.(相当于NeitherInoryouarefoolish.),我们俩都不傻。,40,7.“not+比较级+than”结构表示在程度上前者不如后者。例如：Thisbookisnotmoreinterestingthanthatone.(相当于Thebookislessinterestingthanthatone.),这本书不如那本书有趣。,41,8.“morethan”，意为：与其倒不如。例如：Jackismorefrightenedthansad.。,与其说杰克伤心,倒不如说他害怕,42,。10.“The+比较级，the+比较级”。该结构意为“越，越”。例如：,Themoredifficultthequestionsare,thelesslikelyheisabletoanswerthem.,问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。,43,11.比较级and比较级,越来越,天越来越黑,Itisgettingdarkeranddarker.,44,12.两者之中较,它是两个中较好的那个,Itisthebetterofthetwo,45,13.表达倍数的三种形式：.Aistwice/threetimesbigger/higher/longer-thanB2.Aistwice/threetimesasbig/high/longasB3.Aistwice/threetimesthesize/height/lengthofB,46,例：-Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?-Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas_thanIhadexpected.A.farmoreinterestingB.evenmuchinterestingC.somoreinterestingD.alotmuchinteresting,修饰比较级的副词有much,far,even,still,alot,alittle,yet,abit,byfaretc.,47,例；Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch_shewasgetting.A.heavierB.heavyC.theheavierD.theheaviest,根据常识这里指的是每次比上一次重多少，属于渐进比较所以用比较级,48,例:Borishasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas_IQ.A.ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighestHowbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheard_.thebettervoiceB.agoodvoiceC.thebestvoiceD.abettervoice,用比较级表示最高级的意义在一定范围内拿出任何一人与之比较never与比较级连用,49,1.-Waituntilwegetasatisfactoryreply,willyou?-Icouldntagree_.Theideaisgreattome.(2000年北京、安徽、内蒙古春季高考题)A.muchB.moreC.worseD.atall,巩固操练,50,2.Aftertwoyearsresearch,wehavea_betterunderstandingofthedisease.(MET2007)A.veryB.farC.fairlyD.quite,51,3.AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,_(2002上海)themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife,52,4.Speakingofallthesongshehaswritten,Ithinkthisoneisprobablyhis_one(NMET2007)A.better-knownB.well-knownC.best-knownD.most-known5.Thenewgroupofstudentsisbetter-behavedthantheothergroupwhostayedthere_(early).(2007北京),earlier,53,6.Alanisacarefuldriver,buthedrives_ofmyfriends.(2007上海).A.morecarefullyB.themostcarefullyC.lesscarefullyD.theleastcarefully,54,7.SinceTom_downloadedavirusintohiscomputer,hecannotopenthefilenow,_(2007上海)A.readilyB.horriblyC.accidentallyD.irregularly,55,8.-Areyousatisfiedwithhisanswer?-Notatall.Itcouldnthavebeen_(bad).9.Isthenovelsimilar_you?A.forB.atC.asD.to,worse,56,10.Thereareseveralcharacteristicsofthebook_specialattention.A.worthyB.worthyofC.worthofD.worthless,57,11.Anew_busservicetoTianjinAirportstartedtwomonthsago.(2007天津题)A.normalB.usualC.regularD.common,58,12.Thismagazineisvery_withyoungpeople,wholikeitscontentandstyle.(2007湖北)A.familiarB.popularC.similarD.particular13.Readingis_himis_tohislife.A.for;whatB.as;likeC.to;whatD.at;as,59,14.Thisroomis_muchlargerthanthatone.A.noB.notaC.noaD.as15.Hebegantotakepoliticalscience_onlywhenheleftschool.(2007湖北）A.strictlyB.trulyC.carefullyD.seriously,60,(2008全国I卷）28.Youredrivingtoofast.Canyoudrive_?moreslowlyabitB.slowlyabitmoreC.abitmoreslowlyD.slowlymoreabit（2008福建卷）26.Inspiteofrepeatedwrongsdonetohim,helooks_topeoplegreetinghim.A.friendlyB.livelyC.worriedD.col